[Aar89] Bas Aarts.
Verb-preposition constructions and small clauses in English.
Journal of Linguistics, 25(2):277–290, 1989.
doi:10.1017/s0022226700014109.
[AEJAS87] Hassan Abd-El-Jawad, Issam Abu-Salim.
Slips of the Tongue in Arabic and Their Theoretical Implications.
Language Sciences, 9:145–171, 1987. [1]
[Abo05] Enoch Oladé Aboh.
Deriving relative and factive clauses.
In Laura Brugè, Giuliana Giusti, Nicola Munaro, Walter Schweikert, Giuseppina Turano, editors, Contributions to the Thirtieth ``Incontro di Grammatica Generativa'', pages 265–285.
Libreria Editrice Cafoscarina, 2005.
[Abu88] Dorit Abusch.
Sequence of Tense, Intensionality and Scope.
In Hagit Borer, editor, Proceedings of the 7th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics (WCCFL 7), 1–14. Stanford Linguistics Association, 1988. [1][2][3]
[AN18] Peter Ackema, Ad Neeleman.
Features of Person: From the Inventory of Persons to Their Morphological Realization.
Number 78 in Linguistic Inquiry Monographs.
MIT Press, 2018.
ISBN 9780262038195. [1][2][3]
[AM58] Ernest W. Adams, Samuel Messick.
An axiomatic formulation and generalization of successive intervals scaling.
Psychometrika, 23(4):355–368, 1958.
doi:10.1007/bf02289784. [1][2][3]
[AH05] K. Alexander Adelaar, Nikolaus P. Himmelmann, editors.
The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar.
Routledge Language Family Series.
Routledge, London and New York, 2005.
ISBN 0-7007-1286-0.
[AH08] David Adger, Daniel Harbour.
Why Phi?
In Daniel Harbour, David Adger, Susana Béjar, editors, Phi Theory: Phi-Features across Modules and Interfaces, pages 1–34.
Oxford University Press, 2008.
doi:10.1093/oso/9780199213764.003.0001. [1][2][3][4][5]
[AS17] Dorothy Ahn, Uli Sauerland.
Measure Constructions with Relative Measures: Towards a Syntax of Non-Conservative Construals.
The Linguistic Review, 34(2):215–248, 2017.
doi:10.1515/tlr-2017-0010.
[Aik19] Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald.
Expressing `Possession'.
In Lars Johanson, Lidia Federica Mazzitelli, Irina Nevskaya, editors, Possession in Languages of Europe and North and Central Asia, pages 7–26.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2019.
doi:10.1075/slcs.206.02aik.
[AEZM17] Judith Aissen, Nora C. England, Roberto Zavala Maldonado, editors.
The Mayan Languages.
Routledge Language Family Series.
Routledge, New York, 2017.
ISBN 9780415738026. [1][2]
[Aji05] Oladiipo Jacob Ajiboye.
Topics on Yorùbá Nominal Expressions.
Ph.D. Dissertation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, 2005. [1][2]
[ARGH20] Alëna Aksënova, Jonathan Rawski, Thomas Graf, Jeffrey Heinz.
The Computational Power of Harmony.
In Harry van der Hulst, editor, The Oxford Handbook of Vowel Harmony.
Oxford University Press, London, 2020. [1][2]
[Alb02] Adam Albright.
The Identification of Bases in Morphological Paradigms.
PhD thesis, University of California, Los Angeles, 2002.
[AH02] Adam Albright, Bruce Hayes.
Modeling English past tense intuitions with minimal generalization.
In Proceedings of the 6th Meeting of the ACL Special Interest Group in Computational Phonology. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2002.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/W02-0508/. [1][2][3]
[AGM85] Carlos E. Alchourrón, Peter Gärdenfors, David Makinson.
On the Logic of Theory Change: Partial Meet Contraction and Revision Functions.
The Journal of Symbolic Logic, 50(2):510–530, 1985.
doi:10.2307/2274239. [1]
[Ald99] John D. Alderete.
Morphologically Governed Accent in Optimality Theory.
PhD thesis, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 1999.
ROA-309. [1][2][3]
[AG24b] Stavroula Alexandropoulou, Nicole Gotzner.
The Interpretation of Relative and Absolute Adjectives Under Negation.
Journal of Semantics, 41(3):373–399, 2024.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffae012. [1][2][3][4]
[AZ25d] Sascha Alexeyenko, Hedde Zeijlstra.
Linearization of Complex Modifiers: Ways of (Dis)obeying the Head-Final Filter.
Linguistic Inquiry, pages 1–42, 2025.
Early Access Corrected Proof.
doi:10.1162/LING.a.61. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
[Ale01] Artemis Alexiadou.
Functional Structure in Nominals.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam and Philadelphia, 2001.
[Ale03] Artemis Alexiadou.
Some Notes on the Structure of Alienable and Inalienable Possessors.
In Martine Coene, Yves D'Hulst, editors, From NP to DP: Volume 2: The Expression of Possession in Noun Phrases, pages 167–188.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2003.
doi:10.1075/la.56.12ale. [1][2][3][4]
[Ale24] Artemis Alexiadou.
Paradigm Gaps: The Case of Greek Diminutive Genitives.
In Silke Fischer, Doreen Georgi, Fabian Heck, Johannes Hein, Anke Himmelreich, Andrew Murphy, Philipp Weisser, editors, Strict Cycling: A Festschrift for Gereon Müller, pages 1–10.
University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 2024. [1]
[Ale25] Artemis Alexiadou.
All Nominalizations Big and Small: Towards a Typology of Complex Event Nominals.
In Proceedings of CLS 60, 17–36. 2025.
[AAS06] Artemis Alexiadou, Elena Anagnostopoulou, Florian Schäfer.
The Properties of Anticausatives Crosslinguistically.
In Mara Frascarelli, editor, Phases of Interpretation, pages 187–212.
De Gruyter Mouton, 2006.
doi:10.1515/9783110197723.4.187.
[AAS09] Artemis Alexiadou, Elena Anagnostopoulou, Florian Schäfer.
PP Licensing in Nominalizations.
In Proceedings of NELS 38, 39–52. 2009.
[AS20] Artemis Alexiadou, Melita Stavrou.
Partitives, Pseudopartitives and the Preposition apo in Greek.
Linguistics, 58(3):713–743, 2020.
doi:10.1515/ling-2020-0082. [1][2]
[Alm95] Jorge Almeida.
Finite Semigroups and Universal Algebra.
Number 3 in Series in Algebra.
World Scientific, Singapore, 1995.
doi:10.1142/2481. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[AP15] Maria Aloni, Angelika Port.
Epistemic indefinites and methods of identification.
In Maria Aloni, Marcin Morzycki, editors, Epistemic Indefinites: Exploring Modality Beyond the Verbal Domain, pages 117–140.
Oxford University Press, 2015.
doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199665297.003.0006. [1][2][3][4]
[AOMB18] Luis Alonso-Ovalle, Paula Menéndez-Benito.
Projecting Possibilities in the Nominal Domain: Spanish Uno Cualquiera.
Journal of Semantics, 35(1):1–41, 2018.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffx011. [1][2][3][4]
[AOM25b] Luis Alonso-Ovalle, Esmail Moghiseh.
Number marking in interrogative phrases: What interrogatives in Farsi.
In Federica Longo, Daniele Panizza, editors, Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 29, 1–16. Noto, 2025. University of Messina, C.U.M.O. [1]
[AOR21] Luis Alonso-Ovalle, Justin Royer.
Random Choice from Likelihood: The Case of Chuj (Mayan).
Journal of Semantics, 38(4):483–529, 2021.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffab009. [1][2]
[AGD92] Gerry T. M. Altmann, Alan Garnham, Yvonne Dennis.
Avoiding the garden path: Eye movements in context.
Journal of Memory and Language, 31(5):685–712, 1992.
doi:10.1016/0749-596X(92)90035-V. [1][2][3]
[Ama23] Irene Amato.
The Syntax of Restructuring: Argument Structure and Clause Size in Italian.
Volume 281 of Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today.
John Benjamins, 2023. [1]
[Ama24] Irene Amato.
Auxiliary selection in Italian restructuring: An insight into the size of the clause.
Syntax, 2024.
doi:10.1111/synt.12265. [1][2][3]
[AvdA02] Andreas Ammann, Johan van der Auwera.
Korean modality: Asymmetries between necessity and possibility.
In Selected Papers from the 12th International Conference on Korean Linguistics, 101–115. 2002.
[AHMcC25] Pranav Anand, Daniel Hardt, James McCloskey.
The Domain of Formal Matching in Sluicing.
Linguistic Inquiry, 56(2):353–373, 2025.
doi:10.1162/ling_a_00495. [1][2]
[AT18a] Pranav Anand, Maziar Toosarvandani.
No Explanation for the Historical Present: Temporal Sequencing and Discourse.
In Sinn und Bedeutung (SuB), volume 22, 73–90. 2018.
doi:10.21248/zaspil.60.2018.455. [1]
[AT18b] Pranav Anand, Maziar Toosarvandani.
Unifying the Canonical, Historical, and Play-by-Play Present.
In Sinn und Bedeutung (SuB), volume 21, 19–34. 2018.
doi:10.18148/sub/2018.v21i1.122. [1]
[ABBH15] Scott AnderBois, Adrian Brasoveanu, Robert Henderson.
At-issue proposals and appositive impositions in discourse.
Journal of Semantics, 32(1):93–138, 2015.
doi:10.1093/jos/fft014. [1]
[And51] Alan Ross Anderson.
A note on subjunctive and counterfactual conditionals.
Analysis, 12(2):35–38, 1951.
doi:10.2307/3327037. [1][2][3]
[And21] Carolyn Jane Anderson.
Tell Me Everything You Know: A Conversation Update System for the Rational Speech Acts Framework.
In Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics, volume 4, 244–253. 2021. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
[AM15] Curt Anderson, Marcin Morzycki.
Degrees as kinds.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 33(3):791–828, 2015.
doi:10.1007/s11049-015-9290-z. [1]
[And92] Stephen R. Anderson.
A-morphous morphology.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1992. [1]
[AC18] Cecilia Andorno, Claudia Crocco.
In search for polarity contrast marking in Italian: A contribution from echo replies.
In Christine Dimroth, Stefan Sudhoff, editors, The Grammatical Realization of Polarity Contrast: Theoretical, Empirical, and Typological Approaches, volume 249 of Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, pages 255–288.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2018.
doi:10.1075/la.249.09and.
[Ang19] Nikolaos Angelopoulos.
Complementizers and Prepositions as Probes: Insights from Greek.
Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, 2019.
[AM23] Nikos Angelopoulos, Dimitris Michelioudakis.
Extraction Without an Escape Hatch: The Case of Greek Possessor Extraction.
In Proceedings of NELS 53. 2023.
[Ang95] Jean-Pierre Angoujard.
Quelques 'Éléments' pour la représentation des gutturales.
Langues Orientales Anciennes: Philologie et Linguistique, 5-6:107–126, 1995. [1]
[Ant97] Arto Anttila.
Deriving Variation from Grammar.
In Frans Hinskens, Roeland van Hout, W. Leo Wetzels, editors, Variation, Change, and Phonological Theory, volume 146 of Current Issues in Linguistic Theory, pages 35–68.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 1997. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]
[Ant02] Arto Anttila.
Morphologically conditioned phonological alternations.
Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 20(1):1–42, 2002.
doi:10.1023/A:1014245408622. [1]
[AL93] Joseph Aoun, Yen-Hui Audrey Li.
Wh-Elements in Situ: Syntax or LF?
Linguistic Inquiry, 24(2):199–238, 1993. [1]
[Apa17] Helena Aparicio.
Processing context-sensitive expressions: The case of gradable adjectives and numerals.
PhD thesis, University of Chicago, 2017. [1][2][3]
[AXK15] Helena Aparicio, Ming Xiang, Christopher Kennedy.
Processing gradable adjectives in context: A visual world study.
In Sarah D'Antonio, Mary Moroney, Carol-Rose Little, editors, Semantics and Linguistic Theory (SALT), volume 25, 413–432. LSA and CLC Publications, 2015.
doi:10.3765/salt.v25i0.3128. [1][2][3][4]
[AA96] Ofer Arieli, Arnon Avron.
Reasoning with logical bilattices.
Journal of Logic, Language and Information, 5(1):25–63, 1996.
doi:10.1007/BF00215626. [1][2]
[AK98] Ana Arregui, Kiyomi Kusumoto.
Tense in Temporal Adjunct Clauses.
In Proceedings of SALT 8, 1. Linguistic Society of America, 1998.
doi:10.3765/salt.v8i0.2814. [1][2]
[AL03] Nicholas Asher, Alex Lascarides.
Logics of Conversation.
Studies in Natural Language Processing.
Cambridge University Press, 2003.
ISBN 9780521659512. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[AL13] Nicholas Asher, Alex Lascarides.
Strategic conversation.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 6:1–62, 2013.
[AP12] Nicholas Asher, Francis Jeffry Pelletier.
More Truths about Generic Truth.
In Alda Mari, Claire Beyssade, Fabio Del Prete, editors, Genericity, number 43 in Oxford Studies in Theoretical Linguistics, pages 312–333.
Oxford University Press, 2012.
doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199691807.003.0012. [1][2][3][4]
[Atl96] Jay David Atlas.
`Only' noun phrases, pseudo-negative generalized quantifiers, negative polarity items, and monotonicity.
Journal of Semantics, 13(4):265–328, 1996. [1]
[AL81] Jay David Atlas, Stephen C. Levinson.
It-clefts, Informativeness and Logical Form.
In Peter Cole, editor, Radical Pragmatics, pages 1–61.
Academic Press, New York, 1981. [1][2][3]
[ABB+23] Petra Augurzky, Marion Bonnet, Richard Breheny, Alexandre Cremers, Cornelia Ebert, Clemens Mayr, Jacopo Romoli, Markus Steinbach, Yasutada Sudo.
Putting plural definites into context.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 27, 19–32. 2023.
doi:10.18148/sub/2023.v27.1050. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[AYS21] Josep Ausensi, Jianrong Yu, Ryan Walter Smith.
Agent entailments and the division of labor between functional structure and roots.
Glossa, 2021.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.1207. [1][2]
[Awo78] Oladele Awobuluyi.
Essentials of Yoruba Grammar.
Oxford University Press Nigeria, Ibadan, 1978.
ISBN 9780195753004. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
[AT04] Matthew Aylett, Alice Turk.
The smooth signal redundancy hypothesis: A functional explanation for relationships between redundancy, prosodic prominence, and duration in spontaneous speech.
Language and Speech, 47(1):31–56, 2004.
doi:10.1177/00238309040470010201.
[BCSBB19] R. Harald Baayen, Yu-Ying Chuang, Elnaz Shafaei-Bajestan, James P. Blevins.
The discriminative lexicon: A unified computational model for the lexicon and lexical processing in comprehension and production grounded not in (de)composition but in linear discriminative learning.
Complexity, 2019:4895891, 2019.
doi:10.1155/2019/4895891. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]
[BBMW86] Emmon Bach, Colin Brown, William Marslen-Wilson.
Crossed and Nested Dependencies in German and Dutch: A Psycholinguistic Study.
Language and Cognitive Processes, 1(4):249–262, 1986.
doi:10.1080/01690968608404677. [1][2][3]
[Bac17] Phillip Backley.
Headedness in Element Theory: The case for multiple heads.
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 2(1):89, 1–17, 2017.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.463. [1][2]
[BN10] Phillip Backley, Kuniya Nasukawa.
Consonant-Vowel Unity in Element Theory.
Phonological Studies, 12:21–28, 2010.
[BA18] Julia Bacskai-Atkari.
Complementizers and negative polarity in German hypothetical comparatives.
In Christine Dimroth, Stefan Sudhoff, editors, The Grammatical Realization of Polarity Contrast: Theoretical, Empirical, and Typological Approaches, volume 249 of Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, pages 89–108.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2018.
doi:10.1075/la.249.03bac.
[BB13a] Matthew Baerman, Dunstan Brown.
Case Syncretism.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/28. [1]
[BB13b] Matthew Baerman, Dunstan Brown.
Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/29. [1]
[BBS20] Rebekah Baglini, Elitzur A. Bar-Asher Siegal.
Direct causation: a new approach to an old question.
University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics, 26:19–28, 2020. [1][2]
[BAD26] Özge Bakay, Faruk Akkuş, Brian Dillon.
Hierarchical relations guide memory retrieval in sentence comprehension: Evidence from a local anaphor in Turkish.
Journal of Memory and Language, 148:104747, 2026.
doi:10.1016/j.jml.2026.104747. [1][2][3][4]
[BJEST17] Chris L. Baker, Julian Jara-Ettinger, Rebecca Saxe, Joshua B. Tenenbaum.
Rational Quantitative Attribution of Beliefs, Desires and Percepts in Human Mentalizing.
Nature Human Behaviour, 1:0064, 2017.
doi:10.1038/s41562-017-0064. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
[BC14] Alan Bale, Jessica Coon.
Classifiers are for numerals, not for nouns: Consequences for the mass/count distinction.
Linguistic Inquiry, 45(4):695–707, 2014.
doi:10.1162/LING_a_00170. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[BCA19] Alan Bale, Jessica Coon, Nicolás Arcos.
Classifiers, partitions, and measurements: Exploring the syntax and semantics of sortal classifiers.
Glossa: A journal of general linguistics, 4(1):1–30, 2019.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.752. [1][2]
[BK08] Alan Bale, Hrayr Khanjian.
Classifiers and number marking.
In Tova Friedman, Satoshi Ito, editors, Proceedings of SALT 18, 73–89. Linguistic Society of America, 2008.
doi:10.3765/salt.v18i0.2478. [1][2][3]
[BNRB25] Alan C. Bale, Hisako Noguchi, Marguerite Rolland, David Barner.
Competence by Default: Do Listeners Assume That Speakers Are Knowledgeable When Computing Conversational Inferences?
Journal of Semantics, 42(1–2):39–55, 2025.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffae016. [1][2][3][4]
[Bal96] Charles Bally.
The Expression of Concepts of the Personal Domain and Indivisibility in Indo-European Languages.
In Hilary Chappell, William McGregor, editors, The Grammar of Inalienability: A Typological Perspective on Body Part Terms and the Part-Whole Relation, pages 31–62.
De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin, 1996.
doi:10.1515/9783110822137.31.
[Ban82] Ann Banfield.
Unspeakable Sentences: Narration and Representation in the Language of Fiction.
Routledge, 1982.
doi:10.4324/9781315746609. [1][2]
[BSB20] Elitzur A. Bar-Asher Siegal, Nora Boneh.
Causation: from metaphysics to semantics and back.
In Elitzur A. Bar-Asher Siegal, Nora Boneh, editors, Perspectives on Causation: Selected Papers from the Jerusalem 2017 Workshop.
Springer, 2020.
[BHPS61] Yehoshua Bar-Hillel, M. Perles, Eliahu Shamir.
On formal properties of simple phrase structure grammars.
Zeitschrift für Phonetik, Sprachwissenschaft und Kommunikationsforschung, 14(2):143–172, 1961. [1][2][3][4]
[BHS60] Yehoshua Bar-Hillel, Eliahu Shamir.
Finite-State Languages: Formal Representations and Adequacy Problems.
In Yehoshua Bar-Hillel, editor, Language and Information, pages 87–98.
Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1960.
[BLF17] Moshe E. Bar-Lev, Danny Fox.
Universal free choice and Innocent Inclusion.
In Proceedings of SALT 27, pages 95.
Linguistic Society of America, 2017.
doi:10.3765/salt.v27i0.4133. [1][2]
[BS24a] András Bárány, Michelle Sheehan.
Challenges for dependent case theory.
In Christina Sevdali, Dionysios Mertyris, Elena Anagnostopoulou, editors, The Place of Case in the Grammar, pages 93–126.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2024. [1][2]
[Bar92] Chris Barker.
Group Terms in English: Representing Groups as Atoms.
Journal of Semantics, 9(1):69–93, 1992.
doi:10.1093/jos/9.1.69. [1]
[Bar95a] Chris Barker.
Possessive Descriptions.
Dissertations in Linguistics.
CSLI Publications, Stanford, CA, 1995.
ISBN 9781881526728. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Bar95b] Chris Barker.
Possessive Descriptions.
CSLI Publications, Stanford, CA, 1995. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Bar02a] Chris Barker.
Continuations and the Nature of Quantification.
Natural Language Semantics, 10(3):211–242, 2002.
doi:10.1023/A:1022183511876.
[Bar84] Janet Barnes.
Evidentials in the Tuyuca Verb.
International Journal of American Linguistics, 50(3):255–271, 1984.
doi:10.1086/465835. [1][2][3][4]
[BMBW15] Douglas Bates, Martin Mächler, Ben Bolker, Steve Walker.
Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4.
Journal of Statistical Software, 67(1):1–48, 2015.
doi:10.18637/jss.v067.i01.
[Bay96] Josef Bayer.
Directionality and Logical Form: On the Scope of Focusing Particles and Wh-in-situ.
Volume 34 of Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory.
Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996.
ISBN 9780792337522.
doi:10.1007/978-94-017-1272-9. [1]
[BCF+07] David Beaver, Brady Zack Clark, Edward Flemming, T. Florian Jaeger, Maria Wolters.
When semantics meets phonetics.
Language, 83(2):245–276, 2007.
doi:10.1353/lan.2007.0053. [1][2][3][4]
[BC08] David I. Beaver, Brady Z. Clark.
Sense and Sensitivity: How Focus Determines Meaning.
Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, 2008.
ISBN 9781405112635.
doi:10.1002/9781444304176. [1][2]
[BKF+09] Sigrid Beck, Sveta Krasikova, Daniel Fleischer, Remus Gergel, Stefan Hofstetter, Christiane Savelsberg, John Vanderelst, Elisabeth Villalta.
Crosslinguistic variation in comparison constructions.
Linguistic Variation Yearbook, 9(1):1–66, 2009.
doi:10.1075/livy.9.01bec. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[BNP23] Zoë Belk, Ad Neeleman, Joy Philip.
What Divides, and What Unites, Right-Node Raising.
Linguistic Inquiry, 54(4):685–728, 2023.
doi:10.1162/ling_a_00455. [1][2]
[Bel07] Alex Bellem.
Towards a Comparative Typology of Emphatics: Across Semitic and into Arabic Dialect Phonology.
PhD thesis, SOAS, University of London, London, 2007. [1]
[Bel82] Nuel D. Belnap.
Questions and Answers in Montague Grammar.
In Stanley Peters, Esa Saarinen, editors, Processes, Beliefs, and Questions, volume 16 of Synthese Language Library, pages 165–198.
D. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1982.
doi:10.1007/978-94-015-7668-0_6. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Bel18] Andrea Beltrama.
Precision and Speaker Qualities: The Social Meaning of Pragmatic Detail.
Linguistics Vanguard, 2018.
doi:10.1515/lingvan-2018-0003. [1]
[BSB23] Andrea Beltrama, Stephanie Solt, Heather Burnett.
Context, Precision, and Social Perception: A Sociopragmatic Study.
Language in Society, 52(5):805–835, 2023.
doi:10.1017/S0047404522000240. [1][2][3][4]
[Ben23] Raúl Bendezú.
Verum, focus and evidentiality in Conchucos Quechua.
Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft, 42(4):611–642, 2023. [1][2]
[Ben00] Elabbas Benmamoun.
The Feature Structure of Functional Categories: A Comparative Study of Arabic Dialects.
Oxford Studies in Comparative Syntax.
Oxford University Press, New York, 2000.
ISBN 978-0195119947. [1]
[BP72] Michael Bennett, Barbara Hall Partee.
Toward the Logic of Tense and Aspect in English.
Technical Report, System Development Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, 1972.
Reprinted by Indiana University Linguistics Club, 1978; reprinted in Partee, B.H. (2004), Compositionality in Formal Semantics, Blackwell, pp. 59–109. [1][2][3]
[Ben18] Ryan Bennett.
Recursive Prosodic Words in Kaqchikel (Mayan).
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 3(1):1–33, 2018.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.550. [1][2]
[BBEB+16] Iris Berent, Outi Bat-El, Diane Brentari, Amanda Dupuis, Vered Vaknin-Nusbaum.
The double identity of linguistic doubling.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(48):13702–13707, 2016.
doi:10.1073/pnas.1613749113. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Ber98] Thomas Berg.
Linguistic Structure and Change: An Explanation from Language Processing.
Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1998. [1]
[BG15] Leon Bergen, Noah D. Goodman.
The Strategic Use of Noise in Pragmatic Reasoning.
Topics in Cognitive Science, 7(2):336–350, 2015.
doi:10.1111/tops.12144. [1][2]
[BG12] Leon Bergen, Daniel J. Grodner.
Speaker knowledge influences the comprehension of pragmatic inferences.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 38(5):1450, 2012.
doi:10.1037/a0027850. [1][2][3]
[Ber91] Girmay Berhane.
Issues in the Phonology and Morphology of Tigrinya.
PhD thesis, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, 1991. [1][2][3][4]
[Ber94] Deborah Milam Berkley.
Variability in Obligatory Contour Principle Effects.
In Papers from the 30th Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, 1–12. Chicago, 1994. University of Chicago Press. [1]
[BK69] Brent Berlin, Paul Kay.
Basic Color Terms: Their Universality and Evolution.
University of California Press, Berkeley, 1969.
ISBN 9780520014428. [1][2][3]
[BO12] Ricardo Bermúdez-Otero.
The architecture of grammar and the division of labor in exponence.
In Jochen Trommer, editor, The morphology and phonology of exponence, pages 8–83.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2012.
doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199573721.003.0002. [1][2][3][4]
[BBCL18] Jean-Philippe Bernardy, Rasmus Blanck, Stergios Chatzikyriakidis, Shalom Lappin.
A Compositional Bayesian Semantics for Natural Language.
In Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Language Cognition and Computational Models. 2018.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/W18-4101/. [1]
[Ber95] Giuliano Bernini.
Le profrasi.
In Lorenzo Renzi, Giampaolo Salvı̀, Anna Cardinaletti, editors, Grande grammatica italiana di consultazione, Vol. III, pages 175–222.
il Mulino, Bologna, 1995. [1][2][3][4]
[BM06] Claire Beyssade, Jean-Marie Marandin.
The Speech Act Assignment Problem Revisited: Disentangling Speaker's Commitment from Speaker's Call on Addressee.
In Empirical Issues in Syntax and Semantics 6, pages 37–68.
2006.
[BCJ23] Siddharth Bhaskar, Jane Chandlee, Adam Jardine.
Rational functions via recursive schemes.
arXiv preprint, 2023.
arXiv:2302.03074.
URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.03074. [1]
[BCJO20] Siddharth Bhaskar, Jane Chandlee, Adam Jardine, Christopher Oakden.
Boolean monadic recursive schemes as a logical characterization of the subsequential functions.
In Language and Automata Theory and Applications (LATA 2020), volume 12038 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 157–169. Springer, 2020.
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-40608-0_10. [1][2][3]
[Bha13] D. N. S. Bhat.
Third-Person Pronouns and Demonstratives.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/43.
[Bha99] Rajesh Bhatt.
Covert Modality in Non-Finite Contexts.
PhD thesis, University of Pennsylvania, 1999. [1][2][3]
[Bha08] Rajesh Bhatt.
Covert Modality in Non-finite Contexts.
Volume 8 of Interface Explorations.
De Gruyter, 2008.
doi:10.1515/9783110197341.
[BHR14] Theresa Biberauer, Anders Holmberg, Ian Roberts.
A syntactic universal and its consequences.
Linguistic Inquiry, 45(2):169–225, 2014.
doi:10.1162/ling_a_00153. [1]
[BN13a] Balthasar Bickel, Johanna Nichols.
Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/21. [1][2][3][4]
[BN13b] Balthasar Bickel, Johanna Nichols.
Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/20. [1][2][3]
[BN13c] Balthasar Bickel, Johanna Nichols.
Inflectional Synthesis of the Verb.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/22. [1][2][3]
[BGD+25] Cory Bill, Aurore Gonzalez, Imke Driemel, Tamar Makharoblidze, Lilla Pinter.
Is DP conjunction always complex? The view from child Georgian and Hungarian.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 18(5):1–20, 2025.
doi:10.3765/sp.18.5. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[Bir66] Charles S. Bird.
Determination in Bambara.
Journal of West African Languages, 3:5–11, 1966.
[Bjo17] Bronwyn Bjorkman.
Singular they and the syntactic representation of gender in English.
Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics, 2(1):1–13, 2017.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.374. [1]
[BdRV01] Patrick Blackburn, Maarten de Rijke, Yde Venema.
Modal Logic.
Number 53 in Cambridge Tracts in Theoretical Computer Science.
Cambridge University Press, 2001.
doi:10.1017/CBO9781107050884. [1][2][3][4]
[Blo15] Dominique Blok.
The semantics and pragmatics of directional numeral modifiers.
In Proceedings of SALT 25, pages 471–490.
Linguistic Society of America, 2015.
doi:10.3765/salt.v25i0.3055. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Bob08] Jonathan David Bobaljik.
Where's phi? Agreement as a post-syntactic operation.
In Daniel Harbour, David Adger, Susana Béjar, editors, Phi Theory: Phi-Features across Modules and Interfaces, pages 295–328.
Oxford University Press, 2008.
doi:10.1093/oso/9780199213764.003.0010. [1][2][3]
[BS18] Jonathan David Bobaljik, Uli Sauerland.
*ABA and the combinatorics of morphological features.
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 3(1):15, 2018.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.345. [1]
[Boc15b] M Ryan Bochnak.
Underspecified modality in Washo.
In Proceedings of the Workshop on Structure and Constituency in Languages of the Americas 18 & 19, volume 39, 3–17. University of British Columbia Working Papers in Linguistics, 2015. [1]
[Boc15c] M Ryan Bochnak.
Variable force modality in Washo.
In North-East Linguistic Society (NELS), volume 45, 105–114. 2015. [1]
[BH21] M. Ryan Bochnak, Emily Hanink.
Clausal embedding in Washo: Complementation vs. modification.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 40:979–1022, 2021.
doi:10.1007/s11049-021-09532-z. [1][2][3][4][5]
[BM15] M. Ryan Bochnak, Lisa Matthewson.
Methodologies in Semantic Fieldwork.
Oxford University Press, 2015. [1][2]
[Boe98] Paul Boersma.
Functional Phonology.
Holland Academic Graphics, The Hague, 1998. [1][2][3][4]
[BP16] Paul Boersma, Joe Pater.
Convergence Properties of a Gradual Learning Algorithm for Harmonic Grammar.
In John J. McCarthy, Joe Pater, editors, Harmonic Grammar and Harmonic Serialism, pages 389–434.
Equinox, 2016.
doi:10.3138/9781845531492. [1][2][3]
[BA16] Elizabeth Bogal-Allbritten.
Building meaning in Navajo.
Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2016.
[BAM18] Elizabeth Bogal-Allbritten, Keir Moulton.
Nominalized clauses and reference to propositional content.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, volume 21, pages 215–232.
2018. [1][2][3][4]
[Bol68] Dwight Bolinger.
Post-posed main phrases: an English pattern with a German counterpart.
Canadian Journal of Linguistics, 13(2):1–10, 1968. [1][2][3]
[Bom18] Carla Bombi.
Definiteness in Akan: Familiarity and Uniqueness Revisited.
In Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory (SALT), volume 28, 141–160. 2018.
doi:10.3765/salt.v28i0.4406. [1][2][3][4]
[Bon19] Tatiana Bondarenko.
From think to remember: How CPs and NPs combine with attitudes in Buryat.
In Proceedings of SALT 29, 509–528. 2019.
doi:10.3765/salt.v29i0.4605. [1]
[Bon20] Tatiana Bondarenko.
Factivity from pre-existence: Evidence from Barguzin Buryat.
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 5(1):1–35, 2020.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.1196. [1][2][3]
[BD13] Nora Boneh, Edit Doron.
Hab and Gen in the Expression of Habituality.
In Alda Mari, Claire Beyssade, Fabio Del Prete, editors, Genericity, number 43 in Oxford Studies in Theoretical Linguistics.
Oxford University Press, 2013.
doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199691807.003.0006. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Bon91] Eulàlia Bonet.
Morphology after Syntax: Pronominal Clitics in Romance.
PhD thesis, MIT, 1991. [1][2][3]
[Boo22] Richard Booth.
Necessity modals, disjunctions, and collectivity.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 26. 2022. [1][2][3][4]
[Bor71] Ann Borkin.
Polarity Items in Questions.
In Proceedings of CLS 7, 53–62. 1971.
[BC24a] Robert D. Borsley, Berthold Crysmann.
Unbounded dependencies.
In Stefan Müller, Anne Abeillé, Robert D. Borsley, Jean-Pierre Koenig, editors, Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar: The Handbook, Second edition, number 9 in Empirically Oriented Theoretical Morphology and Syntax, pages 571–634.
Language Science Press, Berlin, 2024.
doi:10.5281/zenodo.13644930. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Bos15] Željko Bošković.
From the Complex NP Constraint to everything: On deep extractions across categories.
The Linguistic Review, 32:603–669, 2015. [1]
[BN04] Lewis Bott, Ira A. Noveck.
Some utterances are underinformative: The onset and time course of scalar inferences.
Journal of Memory and Language, 51(3):437–457, 2004.
doi:10.1016/j.jml.2004.05.006. [1][2][3]
[BD19] Kenyon Branan, Colin Davis.
Agreement and unlocking at the edge.
Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America, 4:16, 2019.
doi:10.3765/plsa.v4i1.4512. [1][2]
[Bra94] Robert Brandom.
Making It Explicit: Reasoning, Representing, and Discursive Commitment.
Volume 46.
Harvard University Press, 1994.
ISBN 978-0-674-54319-5.
doi:10.2307/2956391. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Bra08] Adrian Brasoveanu.
Donkey pluralities: plural information states versus non-atomic individuals.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 31(2):129–209, 2008.
doi:10.1007/s10988-008-9035-0. [1]
[Bra87] Michael E. Bratman.
Intention, Plans, and Practical Reason.
Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1987.
[Bre08] Richard Breheny.
A New Look at the Semantics and Pragmatics of Numerically Quantified Noun Phrases.
Journal of Semantics, 25(2):93–139, 2008.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffm016. [1][2][3]
[BKRS18] Richard Breheny, Nathan Klinedinst, Jacopo Romoli, Yasutada Sudo.
The Symmetry Problem: Current Theories and Prospects.
Natural Language Semantics, 26(2):85–110, 2018.
doi:10.1007/s11050-017-9141-z. [1][2]
[Bre13] Florian Breit.
Formal Aspects of Element Theory.
Master's thesis, University College London, 2013. [1]
[BFP87] Susan E. Brennan, Marilyn Walker Friedman, Carl J. Pollard.
A Centering Approach to Pronouns.
In Proceedings of the 25th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 155–162. 1987.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/P87-1022/. [1][2]
[Bri94] Christine Brisson.
The licensing of unexpressed objects in English verbs.
In Proceedings of the 30th annual meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, vol. 1: The main session, 90–102. Chicago Linguistic Society, 1994. [1][2][3]
[Bro93a] Michael Broe.
Specification Theory: The Treatment of Redundancy in Generative Phonology.
PhD dissertation, University of Edinburgh, 1993. [1][2]
[BK11] Hans Broekhuis, M. Evelien Keizer.
A Modern Dutch Grammar.
Manuscript, later published as part of the Comprehensive Grammar Resources series, Amsterdam University Press, 2011. [1]
[Bro93b] Wayles Browne.
Serbo-Croat.
In Bernard Comrie, Greville G. Corbett, editors, The Slavonic Languages, Routledge Language Family Series, pages 306–387.
Routledge, London and New York, 1993. [1][2][3]
[Bru10] Benjamin Bruening.
Ditransitive Asymmetries and a Theory of Idiom Formation.
Linguistic Inquiry, 41(4):519–562, 2010.
doi:10.1162/ling_a_00012. [1]
[Bru25] Benjamin Bruening.
Selectional violations in coordination: A response to Patejuk and Przepiórkowski 2023.
Linguistic Inquiry, 56(3):439–483, 2025.
doi:10.1162/ling_a_00506. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Buc97b] Eugene Buckley.
Tigrinya Root Consonants and the OCP.
Penn Working Papers in Linguistics, 4(3):19–51, 1997. [1]
[Buc00] Eugene Buckley.
Alignment and Weight in the Tigrinya Verb Stem.
In Vicki Carstens, Frederick Parkinson, editors, Advances in African Linguistics, volume 4 of Trends in African Linguistics, pages 165–176.
Africa World Press, 2000. [1]
[BC24b] Dylan Bumford, Simon Charlow.
Effect-Driven Interpretation: Functors for Natural Language Composition.
Elements in Semantics.
Cambridge University Press, 2024. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[BR21] Dylan Bumford, Jessica Rett.
Rationalizing Evaluativity.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, volume 25, 187–204. University College London and Queen Mary University of London, 2021. [1][2]
[BB70] Gordon Bunn, Ruth Bunn.
Golin phonology.
Papers in New Guinea Linguistics, 11:1–7, 1970.
[Bur84] John P. Burgess.
Basic tense logic.
In Dov Gabbay, Franz Guenthner, editors, Handbook of Philosophical Logic, volume 2, pages 89–133.
Reidel, 1984. [1]
[Bur12] Daniel Büring.
Pronouns.
In Claudia Maienborn, Klaus von Heusinger, Paul Portner, editors, Semantics: An International Handbook of Natural Language Meaning, volume 2 of Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [HSK] 33, chapter 40, pages 971–996.
De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin, Boston, 2012.
doi:10.1515/9783110255072.971. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[BM55] Robert R. Bush, Frederick Mosteller.
Stochastic Models for Learning.
John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1955.
doi:10.1037/14496-000. [1][2]
[BBMR19] John Butt, Carmen Benjamin, Antonia Moreira Rodríguez.
A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish.
Sixth edition.
Routledge Reference Grammars.
Routledge, London and New York, 2019.
ISBN 9781138124004. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
[Byb01] Joan Bybee.
Frequency Effects on French Liaison.
In Joan Bybee, Paul Hopper, editors, Frequency and the Emergence of Linguistic Structure, volume 45 of Typological Studies in Language, pages 337–359.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2001.
[BM83] Joan L. Bybee, Carol Lynn Moder.
Morphological classes as natural categories.
Language, 59(2):251–270, 1983.
doi:10.2307/413574. [1][2]
[Bye11] Patrik Bye.
Dissimilation.
In Marc van Oostendorp, Colin J. Ewen, Elizabeth Hume, Keren Rice, editors, The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Phonology, pages 1408–1433.
Wiley-Blackwell, Malden, MA, 2011.
doi:10.1002/9781444335262.wbctp0060.
[BS12] Patrik Bye, Peter Svenonius.
Non-concatenative morphology as epiphenomenon.
In Jochen Trommer, editor, The Morphology and Phonology of Exponence, pages 427–495.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2012. [1]
[Cab17] Seth Cable.
The Expression of Modality in Tlingit: A Paucity of Grammatical Devices.
International Journal of American Linguistics, 83(4):619–678, 2017.
doi:10.1086/692975. [1]
[CILG21] Sadie Camilliere, Amanda Izes, Olivia Leventhal, Daniel Grodner.
They is changing: Pragmatic and grammatical factors that license singular they.
In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, volume 43. 2021. [1][2]
[Cam18] Elisabeth Camp.
Insinuation, common ground, and the conversational record.
In Daniel Fogal, Daniel W. Harris, Matt Moss, editors, New work on speech acts, pages 40–64.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2018. [1][2][3][4]
[Cam17] Akua Campbell.
A Grammar of Gã.
PhD thesis, 2017.
Cited by @citeallotey-2021; thesis institution unverified. [1][2]
[CP11a] Ivano Caponigro, Maria Polinsky.
Relative embeddings: A Circassian puzzle for the syntax/semantics interface.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 29(1):71–122, 2011.
doi:10.1007/s11049-011-9121-9. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Car03] Anna Cardinaletti.
On the Italian repetitive prefix \itshape ri-: Incorporation vs.\ cliticization.
University of Venice Working Papers in Linguistics, 13:7–29, 2003.
[CS04] Anna Cardinaletti, Ur Shlonsky.
Clitic positions and restructuring in Italian.
Linguistic Inquiry, 35(4):519–557, 2004. [1]
[Car02] Maria Nella Carminati.
The Processing of Italian Subject Pronouns.
PhD thesis, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, 2002. [1][2][3][4]
[CP08a] Walter Carnielli, Claudio Pizzi.
Modalities and Multimodalities.
Volume 12 of Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science.
Springer, 2008.
ISBN 9781402085901.
doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-8590-1. [1][2][3]
[Car92] Bob Carpenter.
The Logic of Typed Feature Structures: With Applications to Unification Grammars, Logic Programs and Constraint Resolution.
Volume 32 of Cambridge Tracts in Theoretical Computer Science.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1992.
ISBN 0-521-41932-8. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]
[Car91] Vicki Carstens.
The Morphology and Syntax of Determiner Phrases in Kiswahili.
PhD thesis, University of California, Los Angeles, 1991. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Car88] Robyn Carston.
Implicature, Explicature, and Truth-Theoretic Semantics.
In Ruth Kempson, editor, Mental Representations: The Interface between Language and Reality.
Cambridge University Press, 1988. [1][2][3]
[CKW+26] Mandy Cartner, Matthew Kogan, Nikolas Webster, Matthew Wagers, Ivy Sichel.
Subject islands do not reduce to construction-specific discourse function.
Cognition, 271:106467, 2026.
doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2026.106467. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Cas11] Roderic F. Casali.
Hiatus Resolution.
In Marc van Oostendorp, Colin J. Ewen, Elizabeth Hume, Keren Rice, editors, The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Phonology, pages 2300–2326.
Wiley-Blackwell, Malden, MA, 2011.
doi:10.1002/9781444335262.wbctp0061.
[CV99] Roberto Casati, Achille C. Varzi.
Parts and Places: The Structures of Spatial Representation.
MIT Press, 1999. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Cep18] Paola Cépeda.
Negation and Time: Against Expletive Negation in Temporal Clauses.
PhD thesis, Stony Brook University, 2018. [1][2]
[Cet04] Bożena Cetnarowska.
The scale of pronominal strength in Polish: An OT analysis of unstressed and weak pronouns.
Poznań Studies in Contemporary Linguistics, 39:39–57, 2004. [1]
[Cha76] Wallace L. Chafe.
Givenness, Contrastiveness, Definiteness, Subjects, Topics, and Point of View.
In Charles N. Li, editor, Subject and Topic, pages 25–55.
Academic Press, New York, 1976. [1]
[Cha87] Wallace L. Chafe.
Cognitive Constraints on Information Flow.
In Russell S. Tomlin, editor, Coherence and Grounding in Discourse, pages 21–51.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 1987. [1]
[Cha15] Lucas Champollion.
The interaction of compositional semantics and event semantics.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 38(1):31–66, 2015.
doi:10.1007/s10988-014-9162-8. [1][2]
[Cha16a] Lucas Champollion.
Overt Distributivity in Algebraic Event Semantics.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 2016.
doi:10.3765/sp.9.16. [1]
[CAG19] Lucas Champollion, Anna Alsop, Ioana Grosu.
Free Choice Disjunction as a Rational Speech Act.
Semantics and Linguistic Theory, 29:238–257, 2019.
doi:10.3765/salt.v29i0.4608. [1][2][3][4]
[CBH19] Lucas Champollion, Dylan Bumford, Robert Henderson.
Donkeys under Discussion.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 12(1):1–51, 2019.
doi:10.3765/sp.12.1. [1][2][3]
[CJ21] Jane Chandlee, Adam Jardine.
Computational universals in linguistic theory: Using recursive programs for phonological analysis.
Language, 97(3):485–519, 2021.
doi:10.1353/lan.2021.0045. [1]
[CMcG89] Hilary Chappell, William McGregor.
Alienability, Inalienability and Nominal Classification.
Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, 15:24–36, 1989.
doi:10.3765/bls.v15i0.1734.
[Cha91] Monik Charette.
Conditions on Phonological Government.
Volume 58 of Cambridge Studies in Linguistics.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1991.
ISBN 9780521392464.
doi:10.1017/CBO9780511554339. [1]
[CO99] Nick Chater, Mike Oaksford.
The probability heuristics model of syllogistic reasoning.
Cognitive Psychology, 38(2):191–258, 1999.
doi:10.1006/cogp.1998.0696. [1][2][3]
[CCGS25] Stergios Chatzikyriakidis, Robin Cooper, Eleni Gregoromichelaki, Peter Sutton.
Types and the Structure of Meaning: Issues in Compositional and Lexical Semantics.
Elements in Semantics.
Cambridge University Press, 2025.
ISBN 978-1-009-28532-2.
doi:10.1017/9781009285322. [1][2]
[CL17a] Stergios Chatzikyriakidis, Zhaohui Luo.
On the Interpretation of Common Nouns: Types Versus Predicates.
In Stergios Chatzikyriakidis, Zhaohui Luo, editors, Modern Perspectives in Type-Theoretical Semantics, volume 98 of Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, pages 43–70.
Springer, 2017.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-50422-3_3. [1][2]
[Che00] Matthew Y. Chen.
Tone Sandhi: Patterns Across Chinese Dialects.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. [1]
[Che73] Chung-Ying Cheng.
Comments on Moravcsik's paper.
In K. J. J. Hintikka, J. M. E. Moravcsik, P. Suppes, editors, Approaches to Natural Language: Proceedings of the 1970 Stanford Workshop on Grammar and Semantics, pages 286–288.
Springer Netherlands, 1973.
doi:10.1007/978-94-010-2506-5_14. [1]
[CH95a] Patricia W. Cheng, Keith J. Holyoak.
Adaptive Systems as Intuitive Statisticians: Causality, Contingency, and Prediction.
In J.-A. Meyer, H. Roitblat, editors, Comparative Approaches to Cognition, pages 271–302.
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1995. [1]
[Che72] Hung-Nin Samuel Cheung.
Xianggang Yueyu yufa de yanjiu [Cantonese as spoken in Hong Kong].
Chinese University Press, Hong Kong, 1972. [1]
[Che07b] Hung-Nin Samuel Cheung.
Xianggang Yueyu yufa de yanjiu (zengding ban) [Cantonese as spoken in Hong Kong, revised edition].
Chinese University Press, Hong Kong, 2007. [1][2]
[Chi90] Gennaro Chierchia.
Anaphora and attitudes de se.
In Renate Bartsch, Johan van Benthem, Peter van Emde Boas, editors, Semantics and Contextual Expression.
Foris, Dordrecht, 1990. [1][2]
[Chi93] Gennaro Chierchia.
Questions with Quantifiers.
Natural Language Semantics, 1(2):181–234, 1993.
doi:10.1007/BF00372562.
[Chi01] Gennaro Chierchia.
A Puzzle about Indefinites.
In Carlo Cecchetto, Gennaro Chierchia, Maria Teresa Guasti, editors, Semantic Interfaces: Reference, Anaphora and Aspect, pages 51–89.
CSLI Publications, Stanford, 2001. [1][2]
[CFS08] Gennaro Chierchia, Danny Fox, Benjamin Spector.
The grammatical view of scalar implicatures and the relationship between semantics and pragmatics.
In Claudia Maienborn, Klaus von Heusinger, Paul Portner, editors, Handbook of semantics.
Mouton de Gruyter, 2008.
URL: http://semanticsarchive.net/Archive/WMzY2ZmY/CFS_EmbeddedSIs.pdf. [1][2][3][4]
[CFS12] Gennaro Chierchia, Danny Fox, Benjamin Spector.
Scalar Implicature as a Grammatical Phenomenon.
In Claudia Maienborn, Klaus von Heusinger, Paul Portner, editors, Semantics: An International Handbook, volume 3.
2012.
doi:10.1515/9783110253382.2297. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
[Chi66] Roderick M. Chisholm.
Freedom and Action.
In Keith Lehrer, editor, Freedom and Determinism.
Random House, 1966. [1]
[Cho70] Noam Chomsky.
Remarks on Nominalization.
In Roderick A. Jacobs, Peter S. Rosenbaum, editors, Readings in English Transformational Grammar, pages 184–221.
Ginn, 1970. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Cho73] Noam Chomsky.
Conditions on Transformations.
In Stephen R. Anderson, Paul Kiparsky, editors, A Festschrift for Morris Halle, pages 232–286.
Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1973. [1][2][3]
[CH68] Noam Chomsky, Morris Halle.
The Sound Pattern of English.
Harper & Row, New York, 1968. [1][2][3][4]
[Cho12] Chao-Ting Tim Chou.
Syntax-Pragmatics Interface: Mandarin Chinese Wh-the-hell and Point-of-View Operator.
Syntax, 15:1–24, 2012. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
[CE22] Keng Ji Chow, Michael Yoshitaka Erlewine.
Restrictions on the Position of exh.
In Proceedings of SALT 32, 522–542. 2022.
doi:10.3765/salt.v1i0.5403. [1][2]
[Chr82] Anastasios-Phoebos Christidis.
Oti/Pu: Complementizer selection in Modern Greek.
Studies in Greek Linguistics, 2:113–178, 1982. [1][2][3]
[CBG10] Andrei Cimpian, Amanda C. Brandone, Susan A. Gelman.
Generic Statements Require Little Evidence for Acceptance but Have Powerful Implications.
Cognitive Science, 34(8):1452–1482, 2010.
doi:10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01126.x.
[Cin80] Guglielmo Cinque.
On Extraction from NP in Italian.
Journal of Italian Linguistics Amsterdam, 5(1):47–97, 1980.
[Cin06] Guglielmo Cinque.
Restructuring and functional heads: The cartography of syntactic structures, volume 4.
Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 2006.
ISBN 9780195179545.
doi:10.1093/oso/9780195179545.001.0001. [1][2][3]
[Cit11] Barbara Citko.
Symmetry in Syntax: Merge, Move, and Labels.
Cambridge Studies in Linguistics.
Cambridge University Press, 2011.
doi:10.1017/CBO9780511794278. [1]
[Cla83] Herbert H. Clark.
Making sense of nonce sense.
In Giovanni B. Flores d'Arcais, Robert J. Jarvella, editors, The Process of Language Understanding, pages 297–331.
John Wiley & Sons, 1983. [1][2]
[Cle81] G. N. Clements.
The hierarchical representation of tone features.
In G. N. Clements, editor, Harvard Studies in Phonology, volume 2, pages 187–272.
Indiana University Linguistics Club, Bloomington, IN, 1981.
[CG84] G. N. Clements, John Goldsmith.
Autosegmental Studies in Bantu Tone.
Foris, Dordrecht, 1984. [1]
[Cle90] George N. Clements.
The role of the sonority cycle in core syllabification.
In Papers in Laboratory Phonology I: Between the Grammar and Physics of Speech, pages 283–333.
Cambridge University Press, 1990.
doi:10.1017/cbo9780511627736.017. [1][2][3][4]
[CH95b] George N. Clements, Elizabeth Hume.
The Internal Organization of Speech Sounds.
In John A. Goldsmith, editor, The Handbook of Phonology, pages 245–306.
Blackwell, Oxford, 1995. [1][2][3]
[CK13a] Andries W. Coetzee, Shigeto Kawahara.
Frequency biases in phonological variation.
Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 2013. [1]
[CP08b] Andries W. Coetzee, Joe Pater.
Weighted constraints and gradient restrictions on place co-occurrence in Muna and Arabic.
Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 2008. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[Coh13] Ariel Cohen.
No Quantification without Reinterpretation.
In Alda Mari, Claire Beyssade, Fabio Del Prete, editors, Genericity, number 43 in Oxford Studies in Theoretical Linguistics, pages 334–351.
Oxford University Press, 2013.
doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199691807.003.0013. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[CES02] Ariel Cohen, Nomi Erteschik-Shir.
Topic, Focus, and the Interpretation of Bare Plurals.
Natural Language Semantics, 10:125–165, 2002.
doi:10.1023/A:1016576614139. [1]
[Coh71] L. Jonathan Cohen.
The logical particles of natural language.
In Yehoshua Bar-Hillel, editor, Pragmatics of natural language, pages 50–68.
Reidel, Dordrecht, 1971. [1]
[Coh90] Abigail C. Cohn.
Phonetic and Phonological Rules of Nasalization.
PhD thesis, University of California, Los Angeles, 1990. [1]
[CL91] John Coleman, John Local.
The `No Crossing Constraint' in autosegmental phonology.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 14(3):295–338, 1991.
doi:10.1007/BF00627405.
[Com78] Bernard Comrie.
Ergativity.
In W. P Lehmann, editor, Syntactic Typology, pages 15–34.
University of Texas Press, 1978.
doi:10.1075/tilar.9.02com. [1][2]
[Com13a] Bernard Comrie.
Alignment of Case Marking of Full Noun Phrases.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/98. [1][2]
[Com13b] Bernard Comrie.
Chapters in The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/. [1][2]
[CC93] Bernard Comrie, Greville G. Corbett, editors.
The Slavonic Languages.
Routledge Language Family Series.
Routledge, London and New York, 1993.
ISBN 0-415-04755-2. [1][2]
[CK13b] Bernard Comrie, Tania Kuteva.
Relativization on Obliques.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/123. [1][2][3]
[CK13c] Bernard Comrie, Tania Kuteva.
Relativization on Subjects.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/122. [1][2][3]
[CL17b] Cleo Condoravdi, Sven Lauer.
Conditional Imperatives and Endorsement.
In Proceedings of NELS 47, 185–204. 2017.
[CDD21] Carla Contemori, Elisa Di Domenico.
Microvariation in the division of labor between null- and overt-subject pronouns: the case of Italian and Spanish.
Applied Psycholinguistics, 42(4):997–1028, 2021.
doi:10.1017/S0142716421000199. [1][2]
[CL14] Luz Conti, Silvia Luraghi.
The Ancient Greek Partitive Genitive in Typological Perspective.
In Silvia Luraghi, Tuomas Huumo, editors, Partitive Cases and Related Categories, pages 443–476.
De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin, 2014.
doi:10.1515/9783110346060.443.
[Coo78] Eung-Do Cook.
Palatalizations and related rules in Sarcee.
In Eung-Do Cook, Jonathan Kaye, editors, Linguistic studies of native Canada, pages 19–35.
University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver, 1978. [1][2][3][4]
[CBL21] Jessica Coon, Nico Baier, Theodore Levin.
Mayan agent focus and the ergative extraction constraint: Facts and fictions revisited.
Language, 97(2):269–332, 2021.
doi:10.1353/lan.2021.0019. [1]
[CH11] Jessica Coon, Robert Henderson.
Two binding puzzles in Mayan.
In Rodrigo Gutierrez-Bravo, Line Mikkelsen, Eric Potsdam, editors, Representing Language: Essays in Honor of Judith Aissen, pages 51–67.
Linguistic Research Center, UC Santa Cruz, 2011.
URL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vf4s9tk. [1]
[Cop21] Elizabeth Coppock.
Challenge problems for a theory of degree multiplication (with partial answer key).
In Proceedings of SALT 31, pages 466–483.
Linguistic Society of America, 2021. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Cop22] Elizabeth Coppock.
Division vs. distributivity: Is per just like each?
In Proceedings of SALT 32, 384–403. 2022.
doi:10.3765/salt.v1i0.5335.
[Cor98] Greville G. Corbett.
Morphology and Agreement.
In Andrew Spencer, Arnold M. Zwicky, editors, The Handbook of Morphology, pages 191–205.
Blackwell, Oxford, 1998. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
[Cor13] Greville G. Corbett.
Number of Genders.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/30. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[CF16] Greville G. Corbett, Sebastian Fedden.
Canonical gender.
Journal of Linguistics, 52(3):495–531, 2016. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Cot18] Marie-Hélène Côté.
Glissantes et diphtongue en français laurentien.
Cahiers du Centre de Linguistique et des Sciences du langage, 56:41–59, 2018.
doi:10.26034/la.cdclsl.2018.211.
[CT06] Thomas M. Cover, Joy A. Thomas.
Elements of Information Theory.
Second edition.
Wiley-Interscience, 2006.
ISBN 9780471241959.
doi:10.1002/047174882x. [1][2][3][4]
[Cow79] J. Milton Cowan, editor.
Hans Wehr: A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic.
4th edition.
Otto Harrasowitz, Wiesbaden, 1979. [1]
[CHT11] Thera Marie Crane, Larry M. Hyman, Simon Nsielanga Tukumu.
A grammar of Nzadi.
Volume 147 of University of California Publications in Linguistics.
University of California Press, 2011. [1]
[CS82] Vincent P. Crawford, Joel Sobel.
Strategic Information Transmission.
Econometrica, 50(6):1431, 1982.
doi:10.2307/1913390. [1]
[CCDR22] Alexandre Cremers, Liz Coppock, Jakub Dotlačil, Floris Roelofsen.
Ignorance implicatures of modified numerals.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 45(3):683–740, 2022.
doi:10.1007/s10988-021-09336-9. [1]
[CWS23] Alexandre Cremers, Ethan G. Wilcox, Benjamin Spector.
Exhaustivity and Anti-Exhaustivity in the RSA Framework: Testing the Effect of Prior Beliefs.
Cognitive Science, 47(5):e13286, 2023.
doi:10.1111/cogs.13286. [1][2]
[Cri13] Sonia Cristofaro.
Purpose, Reason, `When' and Utterance Complement Clauses.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/125. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Cru86] D. A. Cruse.
Lexical Semantics.
Cambridge University Press, 1986.
ISBN 978-0-521-27643-6. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Cru95] D. A. Cruse.
Polysemy and related phenomena from a cognitive linguistic viewpoint.
In Patrick Saint-Dizier, Evelyne Viegas, editors, Computational lexical semantics, pages 31–49.
Cambridge University Press, 1995.
doi:10.1017/CBO9780511527227.004. [1]
[Cse10] András Cser.
The -alis/-aris allomorphy revisited.
In Franz Rainer, Wolfgang U. Dressler, Dieter Kastovsky, Hans Christian Luschützky, editors, Variation and Change in Morphology: Selected Papers from the 13th International Morphology Meeting, Vienna, February 2008, pages 33–52.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2010.
doi:10.1075/cilt.310.02cse. [1][2]
[CV95] James Cutting, Peter Vishton.
Perceiving Layout and Knowing Distances.
In William Epstein, Sheena Rogers, editors, Perception of Space and Motion, pages 69–117.
Academic Press, 1995.
doi:10.1016/B978-012240530-3/50005-5. [1][2][3][4]
[DO18] Annette D'Onofrio.
Personae and Phonetic Detail in Sociolinguistic Signs.
Language in Society, 47(4):513–539, 2018.
doi:10.1017/S0047404518000581.
[DV13a] Östen Dahl, Viveka Velupillai.
Chapters in The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/. [1][2][3][4]
[DV13b] Östen Dahl, Viveka Velupillai.
The Past Tense.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/66. [1]
[Dak04] M. E. Kropp Dakubu.
The Gã High-Tone Verbal Marker as Subjunctive.
2004.
Cited by @citeallotey-2021; exact title/venue unverified. [1][2]
[DKK+98] Mary Dalrymple, Makoto Kanazawa, Yookyung Kim, Sam A. Mchombo, Stanley Peters.
Reciprocal Expressions and the Concept of Reciprocity.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 21(2):159–210, 1998.
doi:10.1023/A:1005330227480. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Dan13] Michael Daniel.
Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/35. [1]
[DD03] William D. Davies, Stanley Dubinsky.
On extraction from NPs.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 21(1):1–37, 2003. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Dav97] Henry Davis.
Deep unaccusativity and zero syntax in St'at'imcets.
In A. Mendikoetxea, M. Uribe-Etxebarria, editors, Theoretical Issues at the Morphology-Syntax Interface, pages 55–96.
EHU Press, 1997.
doi:10.1387/asju.9552. [1][2][3][4]
[Dav84] Alice Davison.
Syntactic Markedness and the Definition of Sentence Topic.
Language, 60(4):797–846, 1984.
doi:10.2307/413799. [1][2]
[DCVW17] Karen De Clercq, Guido Vanden Wyngaerd.
*ABA revisited: Evidence from Czech and Latin degree morphology.
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 2017.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.371. [1]
[dC17] Carlos de Cuba.
Noun complement clauses as referential modifiers.
Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics, 2017.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.53. [1]
[dG06] Philippe de Groote.
Towards a Montagovian Account of Dynamics.
In M. Gibson, J. Howell, editors, Proceedings of SALT XVI, 1–16. Ithaca, NY, 2006. Cornell University.
doi:10.3765/salt.v16i0.2952. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[dH13a] Ferdinand de Haan.
Coding of Evidentiality.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/78. [1]
[dL02] Paul de Lacy.
The formal expression of markedness.
Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2002.
ROA 542 (uploaded July 2004). [1][2][3][4]
[dMMNZ21] Marie-Catherine de Marneffe, Christopher D. Manning, Joakim Nivre, Daniel Zeman.
Universal Dependencies.
Computational Linguistics, 47(2):255–308, 2021.
doi:10.1162/coli_a_00402. [1][2][3][4][5]
[dSM99] Henriëtte de Swart, Arie Molendijk.
Negation and the Temporal Structure of Narrative Discourse.
Journal of Semantics, 16(1):1–43, 1999.
doi:10.1093/jos/16.1.1. [1][2]
[dV25] Lourens de Vries.
Clause chaining in Greater Awyu languages of West Papua.
In Sarvasy, Aikhenvald, editors, Clause Chaining in the Languages of the World, pages 129–148.
Oxford University Press, 2025.
doi:10.1093/oso/9780198870319.003.0005. [1][2][3][4]
[dW01] Joost Van de Waijer.
The importance of single-word utterances for early word recognition.
In Proceedings of ELA 2001. Lyon, 2001.
[Dea10] Amy Rose Deal.
Ergative case and the transitive subject: A view from Nez Perce.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 28(1):73–120, 2010.
doi:10.1007/s11049-009-9081-5. [1]
[Dea15] Amy Rose Deal.
Interaction and satisfaction in $\phi$-agreement.
In Thuy Bui, Deniz Özyıldız, editors, Proceedings of the Forty-Fifth Annual Meeting of the North East Linguistic Society (NELS 45), volume 1, 179–192. Graduate Linguistics Student Association, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2015. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Dea91] Paul Deane.
Limits to attention: A cognitive theory of island phenomena.
Cognitive Linguistics, 2(1):1–64, 1991.
doi:10.1515/cogl.1991.2.1.1.
[DM94] Rose-Marie Déchaine, Victor Manfredi.
Binding Domains in Haitian.
Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 12(2):203–257, 1994.
doi:10.1007/bf00993145. [1]
[Dec91a] Renaat Declerck.
A Comprehensive Descriptive Grammar of English.
Kaitakusha, Tokyo, 1991. [1]
[Dec91b] Renaat Declerck.
Tense in English: Its Structure and Use in Discourse.
Routledge, London, 1991.
ISBN 0415061512. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[DRC06] Renaat Declerck, Susan Reed, Bert Cappelle.
The Grammar of the English Verb Phrase, Volume 1: The Grammar of the English Tense System.
Number 60-1 in Topics in English Linguistics.
Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, 2006.
doi:10.1515/9783110199888. [1][2][3][4]
[Dek94] Paul Dekker.
Predicate Logic with Anaphora.
In Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory (SALT) 4, 79–95. 1994.
doi:10.3765/salt.v4i0.2459. [1]
[Del83] François Dell.
An Aspectual Distinction in Tagalog.
Oceanic Linguistics, 22/23(1/2):175–206, 1983. [1]
[Del86] Gary S. Dell.
A Spreading-Activation Theory of Retrieval in Sentence Production.
Psychological Review, 93(3):283–321, 1986.
doi:10.1037/0033-295X.93.3.283. [1]
[DF23] Lorenz Demey, Stef Frijters.
Logic-Sensitivity and Bitstring Semantics in the Square of Opposition.
Journal of Philosophical Logic, 52(6):1703–1721, 2023.
doi:10.1007/s10992-023-09723-6. [1][2][3][4]
[Dem92] Katherine Demuth.
Acquisition of Sesotho.
In Dan Isaac Slobin, editor, The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition, volume 3, pages 557–638.
Psychology Press, 1992.
doi:10.4324/9781315808208-11. [1][2][3][4][5]
[dD06] Marcel den Dikken.
Relators and Linkers: The Syntax of Predication, Predicate Inversion, and Copulas.
Number 47 in Linguistic Inquiry Monographs.
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2006.
doi:10.7551/mitpress/5873.001.0001. [1]
[dD10] Marcel den Dikken.
On the Functional Structure of Locative and Directional PPs.
In Guglielmo Cinque, Luigi Rizzi, editors, Mapping Spatial PPs: The Cartography of Syntactic Structures, volume 6.
Oxford University Press, New York, 2010.
doi:10.1093/oso/9780195393675.003.0003. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[DDG02] Marcel Den Dikken, Anastasia Giannakidou.
From hell to polarity: ``Aggressively non-D-linked'' wh-phrases as polarity items.
Linguistic Inquiry, 33(1):31–61, 2002. [1]
[Den90] Michel Denais.
Éléments de phonologie et de morphologie tigrigna.
PhD thesis, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, 1990. [1][2][3][4]
[DHRC21] Milica Denic, Vincent Homer, Daniel Rothschild, Emmanuel Chemla.
The Influence of Polarity Items on Inferential Judgments.
Cognition, 215:104791, 2021.
doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104791. [1]
[Deo23] Ashwini Deo.
Preference for Independent Shared Commitments: CG Update with Marathi (Indo-Aryan) Final na.
2023.
Oral presentation at WCCFL 2023, UCSC. [1][2][3]
[Deo25] Ashwini Deo.
Take on This Commitment: The Particle b\textschwar\textschwa in Marathi (Indo-Aryan).
In Federica Longo, Daniele Panizza, editors, Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 29, 386–403. University of Messina, C.U.M.O., 2025. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]
[DMZ94] Maria Concetta Di Maio, Alberto Zanardo.
Synchronized histories in Prior–Thomason representation of branching time.
In Dov M. Gabbay, Hans Jürgen Ohlbach, editors, Temporal Logic (ICTL '94), volume 827 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 265–282.
Springer, 1994.
doi:10.1007/BFb0013993. [1]
[Die13] Holger Diessel.
Adverbial Subordination.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/94.
[Dij59] Edsger W. Dijkstra.
A Note on Two Problems in Connexion with Graphs.
Numerische Mathematik, 1:269–271, 1959.
doi:10.1007/BF01386390. [1]
[DMSP13] Brian Dillon, Alan Mishler, Shayne Sloggett, Colin Phillips.
Contrasting intrusion profiles for agreement and anaphora: Experimental and modeling evidence.
Journal of Memory and Language, 69(2):85–103, 2013.
doi:10.1016/j.jml.2013.04.003. [1]
[Dil40] Robert P. Dilworth.
Lattices with unique irreducible decompositions.
Annals of Mathematics, 41(4):771–777, 1940.
doi:10.2307/1968857. [1][2][3][4]
[DS18b] Christine Dimroth, Stefan Sudhoff, editors.
The Grammatical Realization of Polarity Contrast: Theoretical, Empirical, and Typological Approaches.
Volume 249 of Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2018.
doi:10.1075/la.249. [1][2][3]
[Din06] Picus Sizhi Ding.
A typological study of tonal systems of Japanese and Prinmi: towards a definition of pitch-accent languages.
Journal of Universal Language, 7:1–35, 2006.
doi:10.22425/jul.2006.7.2.1. [1][2]
[Din19] Mark Dingemanse.
Ideophones (mimetics, expressives).
In Mark Aronoff, editor, Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics.
Oxford University Press, 2019.
doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.477. [1]
[DA17] Mark Dingemanse, Kimi Akita.
An inverse relation between expressiveness and grammatical integration: On the morphosyntactic typology of ideophones, with special reference to Japanese.
Journal of Linguistics, 53(3):501–532, 2017.
doi:10.1017/S002222671600030X. [1][2]
[DT20] Mark Dingemanse, Arthur Lewis Thompson.
Iconicity mediates semantic networks of sound symbolism.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 155(4):2687–2697, 2020.
doi:10.1121/10.0025763. [1]
[DA00] R. M. W. Dixon, Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald, editors.
Changing Valency: Case Studies in Transitivity.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. [1][2][3]
[Doe13] Jenny Doetjes.
Count/mass distinctions across languages.
In Claudia Maienborn, Klaus von Heusinger, Paul Portner, editors, Semantics: An International Handbook of Meaning, Volume 3, pages 2559–2580.
De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin, Boston, 2013.
doi:10.1515/9783110253382.2559. [1]
[Dol14] Johannes Dölling.
Aspectual coercion and eventuality structure.
In Events, Arguments, and Aspects, volume 152 of Studies in Language Companion Series, pages 189–226.
John Benjamins, 2014.
doi:10.1075/slcs.152.05dol. [1][2][3][4]
[Don93] Anaïd Donabédian.
Le pluriel en arménien moderne.
Faits de Langues, 2:179–188, 1993. [1]
[DHH+26] Yijiang River Dong, Tiancheng Hu, Zheng Hui, Caiqi Zhang, Ivan Vulić, Andreea Bobu, Nigel Collier.
Value of Information: A Framework for Human–Agent Communication.
2026.
arXiv:2601.06407.
URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.06407. [1][2][3]
[Dow88] David Dowty.
Type-raising, functional composition, and non-constituent conjunction.
In Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, pages 153–197.
Springer Netherlands, 1988.
doi:10.1007/978-94-015-6878-4_7.
[EK02] Katalin É. Kiss.
The Syntax of Hungarian.
Cambridge University Press, 2002. [1][2][3]
[EK23] Katalin É. Kiss.
From Relative Proadverb to Declarative Complementizer: The Evolution of the Hungarian hogy `that'.
The Linguistic Review, 40(1):107–130, 2023. [1][2]
[Edw92] Anthony W. F. Edwards.
Likelihood.
expanded edition.
Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992. [1]
[ESMV23] Paul Égré, Benjamin Spector, Adèle Mortier, Steven Verheyen.
On the Optimality of Vagueness: ``Around'', ``Between'' and the Gricean Maxims.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 46(5):1075–1130, 2023.
doi:10.1007/s10988-022-09379-6. [1]
[Eil76] Samuel Eilenberg.
Automata, Languages, and Machines. Volume B.
Academic Press, New York, 1976. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Eis00] Jason Eisner.
Directional Constraint Evaluation in Optimality Theory.
In COLING 2000 Volume 1: The 18th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. 2000.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/C00-1038/. [1]
[EKSU17] Patrick D. Elliott, Nathan Klinedinst, Yasutada Sudo, Wataru Uegaki.
Predicates of Relevance and Theories of Question Embedding.
Journal of Semantics, 34(3):547–554, 2017.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffx008. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Ell23] Patrick David Elliott.
Donkey disjunctions and overlapping updates.
In Proceedings of SALT 33, pages 666–685.
Linguistic Society of America, 2023.
doi:10.3765/v5jhc728. [1]
[Ell06] Nick C. Ellis.
Selective Attention and Transfer Phenomena in L2 Acquisition: Contingency, Cue Competition, Salience, Interference, Overshadowing, Blocking, and Perceptual Learning.
Applied Linguistics, 27(2):164–194, 2006.
doi:10.1093/applin/aml015. [1][2][3][4]
[EN01] David Embick, Rolf Noyer.
Movement Operations after Syntax.
Linguistic Inquiry, 32(4):555–595, 2001.
[EN07] David Embick, Rolf Noyer.
Distributed Morphology and the syntax-morphology interface.
In Gillian Ramchand, Charles Reiss, editors, The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Interfaces.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2007.
doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199247455.013.0010. [1]
[Eng18] Émile Enguehard.
Comparative modified numerals revisited: Scalar implicatures, granularity and blindness to context.
In Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory (SALT) 28, 21–39. 2018.
doi:10.3765/salt.v28i0.4403. [1]
[Eng24] Émile Enguehard.
What number marking on indefinites means: conceivability presuppositions and sensitivity to probabilities.
In Geraldine Baumann, Daniel Gutzmann, Jonas Koopman, Kristina Liefke, Agata Renans, Tatjana Scheffler, editors, Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 28, 289–302. Bochum, 2024. Ruhr-University Bochum. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[Esl05] John H. Esling.
There Are No Back Vowels: The Laryngeal Articulatory Model.
Canadian Journal of Linguistics, 50(1-4):13–44, 2005.
doi:10.1017/S0008413100003650.
[FB20a] Donka F. Farkas, Adrian Brasoveanu.
Kinds of (non)specificity.
In The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Semantics, pages 1–26.
2020.
doi:10.1002/9781118788516.sem037.
[FF20] Abdelkader Fassi Fehri.
Hidden Trilogies of Universal Quantifiers: A Syntactically Based Analysis of Arabic kull and Its Kins.
Studia Linguistica, 74(2):427–470, 2020.
doi:10.1111/stul.12131. [1][2]
[Fau22] Richard Faure.
(H)oti-clauses from DP to NPhood: The life of a Greek noun clause.
In Jutta Hartmann, Katrin Axel-Tober, Lutz Gunkel, Anke Holler, editors, On the nominal nature of propositional arguments, pages 63–92.
Buske, Hamburg, 2022.
[Fau15] Noam Faust.
Eroded Prefixes, Gemination and Guttural Effects in Tigre: An Account in CVCV Phonology.
Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 33(4):1209–1234, 2015.
doi:10.1007/s11049-014-9277-1. [1]
[Fau16] Noam Faust.
Weak Radicals, Weak Suppletion, and Phonological Indices in Semitic.
Morphology, 26(3-4):379–397, 2016.
doi:10.1007/s11525-016-9278-3.
[Fau17a] Noam Faust.
Apophony in the Inflections of Weak and Strong Verbs in Palestinian Arabic.
The Linguistic Review, 34(1):83–124, 2017.
doi:10.1515/tlr-2016-0006.
[Fau17b] Noam Faust.
Get That Into Your Head: Tigre Vowel Harmonies as Templatic.
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 2(1):95, 2017.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.466. [1][2][3][4]
[Fau21] Noam Faust.
The /aa/ Moment in Modern Hebrew.
In Gabi Danon, editor, Proceedings of IATL 35, volume 92 of MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, 43–58. 2021.
[Fau24] Noam Faust.
Epenthetic Vowel Quality Crosslinguistically, with Focus on Modern Hebrew.
Linguistic Vanguard, 10(1):17–34, 2024.
doi:10.1515/lingvan-2023-0081. [1][2]
[FL20] Noam Faust, Nicola Lampitelli.
Virtual Length and the Two i's of Qaraqosh Neo-Aramaic.
Journal of Semitic Studies, 65(1):35–60, 2020.
doi:10.1093/jss/fgz036.
[FL23] Noam Faust, Nicola Lampitelli.
Root and Pattern in Semitic – and Beyond.
In Peter Ackema, Sabrina Bendjaballah, Eulàlia Bonet, Antonio Fábregas, editors, The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Morphology.
Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, NJ, 2023.
doi:10.1002/9781119693604.morphcom075. [1][2]
[FL] Noam Faust, Sylvain Loiseau.
The Phonology of Tuwari: Hiatus and Allophonic Pharyngealization.
Language and Linguistics in Melanesia, to appear.
forthcoming.
[FJN12] Maryia Fedzechkina, T. Florian Jaeger, Elissa L. Newport.
Language learners restructure their input to facilitate efficient communication.
PNAS, 109(44):17897–17902, 2012.
doi:10.1073/pnas.1215776109. [1][2][3][4]
[FNJ17] Maryia Fedzechkina, Elissa L. Newport, T. Florian Jaeger.
Balancing effort and information transmission during language acquisition.
Cognitive Science, 41(2):416–446, 2017.
doi:10.1111/cogs.12346. [1]
[FS99] Ernst Fehr, Klaus M. Schmidt.
A Theory of Fairness, Competition, and Cooperation.
The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114(3):817–868, 1999.
doi:10.1162/003355399556151. [1][2][3][4]
[Fer06] Raquel Fernández.
Non-Sentential Utterances in Dialogue: Classification, Resolution and Use.
PhD thesis, King's College, London, 2006. [1][2][3]
[Fer23] Marcelo Ferreira.
A square of necessities: X-marking weak and strong necessity modals.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 16(8):1–54, 2023.
doi:10.3765/sp.16.8. [1][2][3][4][5]
[FI16] Caroline Féry, Shinichiro Ishihara, editors.
The Oxford Handbook of Information Structure.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2016.
ISBN 9780199642670. [1]
[Fie87] Robert Fiengo.
Definiteness, specificity, and familiarity.
Linguistic Inquiry, 18(1):163–166, 1987. [1][2][3]
[Fil12] Hana Filip.
Lexical Aspect.
In Robert I. Binnick, editor, The Oxford Handbook of Tense and Aspect.
Oxford University Press, 2012. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Fil70] Charles J. Fillmore.
The grammar of hitting and breaking.
In Roderick A. Jacobs, Peter S. Rosenbaum, editors, Readings in English Transformational Grammar, pages 120–133.
Ginn, Waltham, MA, 1970. [1]
[Fil86] Charles J. Fillmore.
Pragmatically Controlled Zero Anaphora.
In Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, 95–107. 1986. [1][2]
[FKOC88] Charles J. Fillmore, Paul Kay, Mary Catherine O'Connor.
Regularity and Idiomaticity in Grammatical Constructions: The Case of Let Alone.
Language, 64(3):501–538, 1988.
doi:10.2307/414531. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
[Fin09b] Sara Finley.
Morpheme-specific correspondence in reduplication.
Linguistic Inquiry, 40(3):557–572, 2009. [1]
[Fis91] Peter C. Fishburn.
Nontransitive Preferences in Decision Theory.
Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 4(2):113–134, 1991.
doi:10.1007/BF00056121.
[FCG07] Susan T. Fiske, Amy J. C. Cuddy, Peter Glick.
Universal Dimensions of Social Cognition: Warmth and Competence.
Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11(2):77–83, 2007.
doi:10.1016/j.tics.2006.11.005. [1][2][3][4][5]
[FCGX02] Susan T. Fiske, Amy J. C. Cuddy, Peter Glick, Jun Xu.
A model of (often mixed) stereotype content: Competence and warmth respectively follow from perceived status and competition.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(6):878–902, 2002.
doi:10.1037/0022-3514.82.6.878. [1][2][3]
[Fit99] Branden Fitelson.
The plurality of Bayesian measures of confirmation and the problem of measure sensitivity.
Philosophy of Science, 66(S3):S362–S378, 1999.
doi:10.1086/392738. [1][2][3][4]
[Fle01] Edward Flemming.
Scalar and Categorial Phenomena in a Unified Model of Phonetics and Phonology.
Phonology, 18(1):7–44, 2001.
doi:10.1017/S0952675701004006.
[Flo18] Simeon Floyd.
Egophoricity and argument structure in Cha'palaa.
In Elisabeth Norcliffe Simeon Floyd, Lila San Roque, editors, Egophoricity, 269-304, pages 269–304.
John Benjamins, 2018.
doi:10.1075/tsl.118.09flo. [1][2][3][4]
[Fod70] Jerry A. Fodor.
Three reasons for not deriving ``kill'' from ``cause to die''.
Linguistic Inquiry, 1:429–438, 1970.
[FH06a] Raffaella Folli, Heidi Harley.
On the Licensing of Causatives of Directed Motion: Waltzing Matilda All Over.
Studia Linguistica, 60(2):121–155, 2006.
doi:10.1111/j.1467-9582.2006.00135.x.
[Fox13] Danny Fox.
Presupposition Projection from Quantificational Sentences: Trivalence, Local Accommodation, and Presupposition Strengthening.
In Ivano Caponigro, Carlo Cecchetto, editors, From Grammar to Meaning: The Spontaneous Logicality of Language.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2013. [1][2]
[FC85] Ellen P. Francik, Herbert H. Clark.
How to Make Requests That Overcome Obstacles to Compliance.
Journal of Memory and Language, 24(5):560–568, 1985.
doi:10.1016/0749-596x(85)90046-4. [1][2][3][4]
[Fra96] Anette Frank.
Context Dependence in Modal Constructions.
PhD thesis, University of Stuttgart, 1996. [1][2][3][4][5]
[FB20b] Michael Franke, Leon Bergen.
Theory-Driven Statistical Modeling for Semantics and Pragmatics: A Case Study on Grammatically Generated Implicature Readings.
Language, 96(2):e77–e96, 2020.
doi:10.1353/lan.2020.0034. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
[FD23] Michael Franke, Judith Degen.
The softmax function: Properties, motivation, and interpretation.
PsyArXiv, 2023.
doi:10.31234/osf.io/vsw47. [1][2]
[FDC15] Lyn Frazier, Brian Dillon, Charles Clifton.
A note on interpreting damn expressives: Transferring the blame.
Language and Cognition, 7(2):291–304, 2015.
doi:10.1017/langcog.2014.31.
[Fri96] Stefan A. Frisch.
Similarity and Frequency in Phonology.
PhD dissertation, Northwestern University, 1996. [1]
[Fri00] Stefan A. Frisch.
Temporally Organized Representations as Phonological Units.
In Michael B. Broe, Janet B. Pierrehumbert, editors, Papers in Laboratory Phonology V: Acquisition and the Lexicon, pages 283–298.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. [1]
[FBP97] Stefan A. Frisch, Michael B. Broe, Janet B. Pierrehumbert.
Similarity and Phonotactics in Arabic.
Unpublished manuscript, Indiana University; Rutgers Optimality Archive, 1997.
URL: http://roa.rutgers.edu/. [1]
[Fwa18] Tongpan Rabo Fwangwar.
Aspects of the Phonology of Mwaghavul.
PhD thesis, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria, 2018. [1][2]
[Gaf98] Diamandis Gafos.
Eliminating Long-Distance Consonantal Spreading.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 16(2):223–278, 1998.
doi:10.1023/A:1005968600965. [1]
[GB24] Susanne Gahl, R. Harald Baayen.
TIME and THYME again: Connecting English spoken word duration to models of the mental lexicon.
Language, 100(4):623–670, 2024. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]
[Gal93] Brent Douglas Galloway.
A Grammar of Upriver Halkomelem.
Volume 96 of University of California Publications in Linguistics.
University of California Press, Berkeley, 1993.
ISBN 0-520-09878-1.
[GJ18] Davide Garassino, Daniel Jacob.
Polarity focus and non-canonical syntax in Italian, French and Spanish: Clitic left dislocation and sı̀ che / sí que-constructions.
In Christine Dimroth, Stefan Sudhoff, editors, The Grammatical Realization of Polarity Contrast: Theoretical, Empirical, and Typological Approaches, volume 249 of Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, pages 227–254.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2018.
doi:10.1075/la.249.08gar. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]
[GG17] Hans-Martin Gärtner, Beáta Gyuris.
On Delimiting the Space of Bias Profiles for Polar Interrogatives.
Linguistische Berichte, 251:293–316, 2017.
doi:10.46771/2366077500251_2. [1][2][3][4]
[Gas25] Luca Gasparri.
Bare singular names and genericity.
Journal of Semantics, 42(1-2):127–135, 2025.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffae017. [1]
[GM16] Anastasia Giannakidou, Alda Mari.
Epistemic future and epistemic MUST: Nonveridicality, evidence, and partial knowledge.
In J. Blaśzczak, A. Giannakidou, D. Klimek-Jankowska, K. Migdalski, editors, Mood, Aspect, Modality Revisited: New Answers to Old Questions, pages 75–117.
University of Chicago Press, 2016.
[GM18] Anastasia Giannakidou, Alda Mari.
The Semantic Roots of Positive Polarity: Epistemic Modal Verbs and Adverbs in English, Greek and Italian.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 41(6):623–664, 2018.
doi:10.1007/s10988-018-9235-1. [1][2][3][4][5]
[GH78] Allan Gibbard, William L. Harper.
Counterfactuals and two kinds of expected utility.
In William L. Harper, Robert Stalnaker, Glenn Pearce, editors, Foundations and Applications of Decision Theory, pages 125–162.
Springer, 1978.
[GFJE+17] Edward Gibson, Richard Futrell, Julian Jara-Ettinger, Kyle Mahowald, Leon Bergen, Sivalogeswaran Ratnasingam, Mitchell Gibson, Steven T. Piantadosi, Bevil R. Conway.
Color naming across languages reflects color use.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(40):10785–10790, 2017. [1]
[Gil95] David Gil.
Universal Quantifiers and Distributivity.
In Emmon Bach, Eloise Jelinek, Angelika Kratzer, Barbara H. Partee, editors, Quantification in Natural Languages, Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, pages 321–362.
Kluwer, 1995.
doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2817-1_11. [1]
[Gil87] Brendan S. Gillon.
The Readings of Plural Noun Phrases in English.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 10(2):199–219, 1987.
doi:10.1007/BF00584319. [1][2]
[GA12] Gianluca Giorgolo, Ash Asudeh.
$\langle M, \eta, \star \rangle$ Monads for Conventional Implicatures.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 16, 265–278. 2012. [1][2][3][4]
[GOC24] Mario Giulianelli, Andreas Opedal, Ryan Cotterell.
Generalized Measures of Anticipation and Responsivity in Online Language Processing.
In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2024. 2024.
doi:10.18653/v1/2024.findings-emnlp.306. [1]
[GWCF26] Mario Giulianelli, Sarenne Wallbridge, Ryan Cotterell, Raquel Fernández.
Incremental alternative sampling as a lens into the temporal and representational resolution of linguistic prediction.
Journal of Memory and Language, 148:104715, 2026.
doi:10.1016/j.jml.2025.104715. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]
[Giv83] Talmy Givón.
Topic Continuity in Discourse: A Quantitative Cross-Language Study.
Volume 3 of Typological Studies in Language.
John Benjamins, 1983.
URL: https://benjamins.com/catalog/tsl.3. [1]
[GHvdH15] R. W. N. Goedemans, Jeffrey Heinz, Harry van der Hulst.
StressTyp2 database.
Online, http://st2.ullet.net/, 2015.
[GvdH13] Rob Goedemans, Harry van der Hulst.
Stress location, weight-sensitivity, and rhythm (WALS chapters 14–17).
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online (v2020.4).
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/14. [1]
[GS25] Adele E. Goldberg, Shahar Shirtz.
The English Phrase-as-Lemma Construction: When a Phrase Masquerades as a Word, People Play Along.
Language, 101(2):291–320, 2025.
doi:10.1353/lan.2025.a962899. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Gol79] John A. Goldsmith.
Autosegmental Phonology.
Garland Press, New York, 1979.
Published version of the 1976 MIT dissertation.
[GRA11] John A. Goldsmith, Jason Riggle, C. L. Alan, editors.
The Handbook of Phonological Theory.
2nd edition.
John Wiley & Sons, 2011.
ISBN 9781405157681.
doi:10.1002/9781444343069.
[GJ03] Sharon Goldwater, Mark Johnson.
Learning OT Constraint Rankings Using a Maximum Entropy Model.
In Proceedings of the Stockholm Workshop on Variation within Optimality Theory, 111–120. 2003. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
[Goo17] Daniel Goodhue.
Must $\varphi$ is felicitous only if $\varphi$ is not known.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 10(14):1–27, 2017.
doi:10.3765/sp.10.14.
[Goo22a] Daniel Goodhue.
All focus is contrastive: On polarity (verum) focus, answer focus, contrastive focus and givenness.
Journal of Semantics, 39(1):117–158, 2022.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffab018. [1][2][3]
[GF16] Noah D. Goodman, Michael C. Frank.
Pragmatic Language Interpretation as Probabilistic Inference.
Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 20(11):818–829, 2016.
doi:10.1016/j.tics.2016.08.005. [1][2]
[GO07] Valentin Goranko, Martin Otto.
Model Theory of Modal Logic.
In Patrick Blackburn, Johan van Benthem, Frank Wolter, editors, Handbook of Modal Logic, volume 3 of Studies in Logic and Practical Reasoning, pages 249–329.
Elsevier, 2007. [1]
[Gor16] Matthew Gordon.
Metrical incoherence: Diachronic sources and synchronic analysis.
In Jeffrey Heinz, Rob Goedemans, Harry van der Hulst, editors, Dimensions of Linguistic Stress, pages 9–48.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2016. [1]
[Got17] Matthew Gotham.
Composing Criteria of Individuation in Copredication.
Journal of Semantics, 34(2):333–371, 2017.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffw008. [1][2]
[GR18] Nicole Gotzner, Jacopo Romoli.
The scalar inferences of strong scalar terms under negative quantifiers.
Journal of Semantics, 35(1):95–126, 2018.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffx016. [1][2][3][4][5]
[GRS20] Nicole Gotzner, Jacopo Romoli, Paolo Santorio.
Choice and prohibition in non-monotonic contexts.
Natural Language Semantics, 28(2):141–174, 2020.
doi:10.1007/s11050-019-09160-9. [1][2][3]
[Gra17] Thomas Grano.
Finiteness contrasts without Tense? A view from Mandarin Chinese.
Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 26(3):259–299, 2017.
doi:10.1007/s10831-017-9159-8.
[Gre66] Joseph H. Greenberg.
Language Universals, with Special Reference to Feature Hierarchies.
Mouton, The Hague, 1966. [1]
[Gre72] Joseph H. Greenberg.
Numeral Classifiers and Substantival Number: Problems in the Genesis of a Linguistic Type.
In Working Papers on Language Universals, volume 9, pages 1–39.
Stanford University, 1972. [1][2][3]
[Gre78] Joseph H. Greenberg.
Generalizations About Numeral Systems.
In Joseph H. Greenberg, editor, Universals of Human Language, volume 3, pages 249–295.
Stanford University Press, 1978.
doi:10.1515/9781503623217-014.
[Gre02] Yael Greenberg.
Two Types of Quantificational Modalized Genericity, and the Interpretation of Bare Plural and Indefinite Singular NPs.
In Proceedings of SALT 12, 104–123. 2002.
[Gre04] Yael Greenberg.
Manifestations of Genericity.
Routledge, Milton Park, 2004. [1]
[Gre07] Yael Greenberg.
Exceptions to Generics: Where Vagueness, Context Dependence and Modality Interact.
Journal of Semantics, 24:131–167, 2007.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffl013. [1]
[GD21] Scott Grimm, Mojmír Dočekal.
Counting Aggregates, Groups and Kinds: Countability from the Perspective of a Morphologically Complex Language.
In Hana Filip, editor, Countability in Natural Language, pages 85–120.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2021.
doi:10.1017/9781316823774.005. [1]
[Gri90] Jane Grimshaw.
Argument Structure.
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1990.
[GV93] Jane Grimshaw, Sten Vikner.
Obligatory adjuncts and the structure of events.
In Eric Reuland, Werner Abraham, editors, Knowledge and Language, Vol.\ II: Lexical and Conceptual Structure, pages 143–155.
Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1993.
[GSV96] Jeroen Groenendijk, Martin Stokhof, Frank Veltman.
Coreference and Modality.
In Shalom Lappin, editor, The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory.
Blackwell, Oxford, 1996. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Gro10] Patrick Grosz.
Grading Modality: A New Approach to Modal Concord and its Relatives.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, volume 14, 185–201. 2010. [1][2]
[GW25a] Julian Grove, Aaron Steven White.
Factivity, presupposition projection, and the role of discrete knowledge in gradient inference judgments.
Natural Language Semantics, 34:1–45, 2025.
doi:10.1007/s11050-025-09244-9. [1][2][3][4]
[Gru69] David McClintock Grubb.
A Kwakiutl phonology.
Master's thesis, University of Victoria, 1969.
[GLF22] Britta Grusdt, Daniel Lassiter, Michael Franke.
Probabilistic Modeling of Rational Communication with Conditionals.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 15:13, 2022.
doi:10.3765/sp.15.13. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Grz20] Karolina Grzech.
Managing common ground with epistemic marking: 'Evidential' markers in Upper Napo Kichwa and their functions in interaction.
Journal of Pragmatics, 168:81–97, 2020. [1][2]
[GHHF08] Andrea Gualmini, Sarah Hulsey, Valentine Hacquard, Danny Fox.
The Question–Answer Requirement for scope assignment.
Natural Language Semantics, 16(3):205–237, 2008.
doi:10.1007/s11050-008-9029-z.
[Gue86] Mohand Guerssel.
Glides in Berber and Syllabicity.
Linguistic Inquiry, 17(1):1–12, 1986.
[GF19] Tom Güldemann, Ines Fiedler.
Niger-Congo ``noun classes'' conflate gender with deriflection.
In Francesca Di Garbo, Bruno Olsson, Bernhard Wälchli, editors, Grammatical Gender and Linguistic Complexity I: General Issues and Specific Studies, pages 95–145.
Language Science Press, Berlin, 2019.
URL: https://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/223. [1]
[GFvV84] Daniel E. Gulstad, William A. Foley, Robert D. van Valin.
Functional Syntax and Universal Grammar.
Volume 70.
Wiley, 1984.
doi:10.2307/327353. [1][2][3][4]
[GHZ93] Jeanette K. Gundel, Nancy Hedberg, Ron Zacharski.
Cognitive Status and the Form of Referring Expressions in Discourse.
Language, 69(2):274–307, 1993.
doi:10.2307/416535. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Gun04] Christine Gunlogson.
True to Form: Rising and Falling Declaratives as Questions in English.
Routledge, 2004.
ISBN 9780415967815.
doi:10.4324/9780203502013. [1][2]
[Gus86] Edmund Gussmann.
Autosegments, linked matrices, and the Irish lenition.
In Dieter Kastovsky, Aleksander Szwedek, editors, Linguistics across historical and geographical boundaries, volume 2, pages 891–907.
Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, 1986. [1]
[GHM20] Daniel Gutzmann, Katharina Hartmann, Lisa Matthewson.
Verum focus is verum, not focus: Cross-linguistic evidence.
Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics, 5(1):1–48, 2020.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.347. [1][2][3][4]
[Gyu18] Beáta Gyuris.
On two types of polar interrogatives in Hungarian and their interaction with inside and outside negation.
In Christine Dimroth, Stefan Sudhoff, editors, The Grammatical Realization of Polarity Contrast: Theoretical, Empirical, and Typological Approaches, volume 249 of Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, pages 173–202.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2018.
doi:10.1075/la.249.06gyu.
[HTdDW26] Bill Haddican, Meredith Tamminga, Marcel den Dikken, Katie Wade.
English Particle Verbs Prime Double Object Constructions in Production.
Linguistic Inquiry, pages 1–21, 2026.
doi:10.1162/LING.a.558.
[Hae92] Liliane Haegeman.
Theory and Description in Generative Syntax: A Case Study in West Flemish.
Cambridge Studies in Linguistics.
Cambridge University Press, 1992.
ISBN 9780521370059. [1]
[Hae03] Liliane Haegeman.
Conditional clauses: External and internal syntax.
Mind & Language, 18(4):317–339, 2003.
doi:10.1111/1468-0017.00230. [1]
[HU10] Liliane Haegeman, Barbara Ürögdi.
Referential CPs and DPs: An operator movement account.
Theoretical Linguistics, 36(2–3):111–152, 2010.
doi:10.1515/thli.2010.008.
[HvR86] Liliane Haegeman, Henk van Riemsdijk.
Verb Projection Raising, Scope, and the Typology of Rules Affecting Verbs.
Linguistic Inquiry, 17(3):417–466, 1986. [1]
[Haf25] Saima Hafeez.
Agentivity and Causation in Urdu: Semantics, Pragmatics and Cognition.
PhD thesis, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 2025. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]
[HMD21] Michael Hahn, Rebecca Mathew, Judith Degen.
Morpheme Ordering Across Languages Reflects Optimization for Processing Efficiency.
Open Mind, 5:208–232, 2021.
doi:10.1162/opmi_a_00051. [1]
[Hai10] Hubert Haider.
The Syntax of German.
Cambridge Syntax Guides.
Cambridge University Press, 2010. [1]
[Haj13] John Hajek.
Vowel nasalization (WALS chapters 10A, 10B).
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online (v2020.4).
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/10.
[Hal01] John Hale.
A probabilistic Earley parser as a psycholinguistic model.
In Proceedings of the Second Meeting of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 1–8. 2001.
doi:10.3115/1073336.1073357. [1][2][3][4]
[HK93] Kenneth Hale, Samuel Jay Keyser.
On argument structure and the lexical expression of syntactic relations.
In Kenneth Hale, Samuel Jay Keyser, editors, The view from building 20: A festschrift for Sylvain Bromberger, pages 53–108.
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1993. [1]
[Hal17] Tracy Alan Hall.
Underlying and Underived Glides in Middle High German.
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 2(1):54, 2017.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.170.
[Hal97] Morris Halle.
Distributed Morphology: Impoverishment and Fission.
In Yoonjung Kang, Benjamin Bruening, Martha McGinnis, editors, Papers at the Interface, volume 30 of MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, pages 425–449.
MITWPL, 1997. [1]
[HP05] Joseph Y. Halpern, Judea Pearl.
Causes and Explanations.
The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 56(4):843–887, 2005.
doi:10.1093/bjps/axi147. [1]
[HB17] Emily Hanink, M. Ryan Bochnak.
Factivity and two types of embedded clauses in Washo.
In Andrew Lamont, Katerina Tetzloff, editors, Proceedings of the Forty-Seventh Annual Meeting of the North East Linguistic Society (NELS 47), volume 2, 65–78. Graduate Linguistics Student Association, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2017. [1][2][3][4]
[HM26] Daniel Harbour, Jane Middleton.
Jemez Metasyncretism and the Subset Principle's Explanatory Clout.
Manuscript, Queen Mary University of London and Mirima Dawang Woorlab-gerring Language and Culture Centre, 2026. [1]
[HGI25] Jacqueline Harding, Tobias Gerstenberg, Thomas Icard.
A Communication-First Account of Explanation.
arXiv:2505.03732, 2025.
doi:10.48550/arXiv.2505.03732. [1][2]
[Har71] Richard M. Hare.
Wanting: Some pitfalls.
In Richard M. Hare, editor, Practical Inferences, pages 44–58.
Macmillan, London, 1971.
[Har16b] Hillary Jean Harner.
Focus and the semantics of desire predicates and directive verbs.
PhD thesis, Georgetown University, 2016.
[Har16c] John Peabody Harrington.
The Ethnogeography of the Tewa Indians.
In Twenty-Ninth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology.
US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1916. [1]
[HH14] Otelemate G. Harry, Larry M. Hyman.
Phrasal construction tonology: The case of Kalabari.
Studies in Language, 38(4):649–689, 2014.
doi:10.1075/sl.38.4.01har. [1]
[HZ04] Katharina Hartmann, Malte Zimmermann.
Focus strategies in Chadic: The case of Tangale revisited.
Interdisciplinary Studies on Information Structure, 1:207–243, 2004. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
[HZ07] Katharina Hartmann, Malte Zimmermann.
In place – out of place: Focus in Hausa.
In Kerstin Schwabe, Susanne Winkler, editors, On Information Structure: Meaning and Form, pages 365–403.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2007. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]
[HODS+16] Joshua K. Hartshorne, Timothy J. O'Donnell, Yasutada Sudo, Miki Uruwashi, Miseon Lee, Jesse Snedeker.
Psych Verbs, the Linking Problem, and the Acquisition of Language.
Cognition, 157:268–288, 2016.
doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2016.08.008. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Has24] Nina Haslinger.
Imprecision, structural complexity and the Gricean maxim of Manner.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, volume 28, 369–387. 2024.
doi:10.18148/sub/2024.v28.1130. [1]
[Has13a] Martin Haspelmath.
Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give'.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/105.
[Has13c] Martin Haspelmath.
Occurrence of Nominal Plurality.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/34. [1]
[Has17] Martin Haspelmath.
Explaining Alienability Contrasts in Adpossessive Constructions: Predictability vs. Iconicity.
Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft, 36(2):193–231, 2017.
doi:10.1515/zfs-2017-0009.
[Hau14] Dag T. T. Haug.
Partial Dynamic Semantics for Anaphora: Compositionality without Syntactic Coindexation.
Journal of Semantics, 31(4):457–511, 2014.
doi:10.1093/jos/fft008. [1][2][3]
[HGG21] Robert D. Hawkins, Hyowon Gweon, Noah D. Goodman.
The Division of Labor in Communication: Speakers Help Listeners Account for Asymmetries in Visual Perspective.
Cognitive Science, 45:e12926, 2021.
doi:10.1111/cogs.12926. [1][2][3][4][5]
[HTB+25] Robert D. Hawkins, Polina Tsvilodub, Claire A. Bergey, Noah D. Goodman, Michael Franke.
Relevant Answers to Polar Questions.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2025.
doi:10.1098/rstb.2023.0505. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[HKL99] Jennifer Hay, Christopher Kennedy, Beth Levin.
Scalar Structure Underlies Telicity in ``Degree Achievements''.
In Tanya Mathews, Devon Strolovitch, editors, Semantics and Linguistic Theory (SALT), volume 9, 127–144. Ithaca, NY, 1999. CLC Publications. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[HKI25] Muxuan He, Elsi Kaiser, Khalil Iskarous.
Modeling Sentence Polarity Asymmetries: Fuzzy Interpretations in a Possibly Wonky World.
In Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics, 74–83. 2025.
doi:10.7275/scil.3180, URL: https://aclanthology.org/2025.scil-1.7/. [1]
[Hei79] Irene Heim.
Concealed Questions.
In Rainer Bäuerle, Urs Egli, Arnim von Stechow, editors, Semantics from Different Points of View, pages 51–60.
Springer, Berlin, 1979.
[Hei94b] Irene Heim.
Interrogative Semantics and Karttunen's Semantics for know.
In Rhonna Buchalla, Anita Mittwoch, editors, Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Conference of the Israel Association for Theoretical Linguistics (IATL 1), 128–144. Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1994. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]
[HW20] Johannes M. Heim, Martina E. Wiltschko.
Deconstructing Questions: Reanalyzing a Heterogenous Class of Speech Acts via Commitment and Engagement.
Scandinavian Studies in Language, 11(1):56–82, 2020.
[Hei74] Orvokki Heinämäki.
Semantics of English Temporal Connectives.
PhD thesis, Indiana University, 1974. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Hei95] Bernd Heine.
Agent-Oriented vs. Epistemic Modality.
In Joan Bybee, Suzanne Fleischman, editors, Modality in Grammar and Discourse, number 32 in Typological Studies in Language, pages 17–54.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 1995.
doi:10.1075/tsl.32.03hei. [1][2]
[Hei14] Jeffrey Heinz.
Culminativity times harmony equals unbounded stress.
In Harry van der Hulst, editor, Word Stress: Theoretical and Typological Issues, pages 255–275.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2014.
doi:10.1017/CBO9781139600408.012.
[Hei18] Jeffrey Heinz.
The computational nature of phonological generalizations.
In Larry Hyman, Frank Plank, editors, Phonological Typology, number 23 in Phonetics and Phonology, pages 126–195.
Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, 2018.
doi:10.1515/9783110451931-005.
[HL13] Jeffrey Heinz, Regine Lai.
Vowel Harmony and Subsequentiality.
In Proceedings of the 13th Meeting on the Mathematics of Language (MoL 13), 52–63. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2013.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/W13-3007/. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[HRT11] Jeffrey Heinz, Chetan Rawal, Herbert G. Tanner.
Tier-based Strictly Local Constraints for Phonology.
In Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, 58–64. Portland, Oregon, 2011. Association for Computational Linguistics.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/P11-2011/. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[HR10] Jeffrey Heinz, James Rogers.
Estimating Strictly Piecewise Distributions.
In Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 886–896. Uppsala, Sweden, 2010. Association for Computational Linguistics.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/P10-1091/. [1][2][3]
[Hen12] Robert Henderson.
Ways of Pluralizing Events.
PhD thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 2012.
Committee: Adrian Brasoveanu (chair), Donka Farkas (chair), Judith Aissen.
URL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7zj310p2.
[HMcC18] Robert Henderson, Elin McCready.
How dogwhistles work.
In Sachiyo Arai, Kazuhiro Kojima, Koji Mineshima, Daisuke Bekki, Ken Satoh, Yuiko Ohta, editors, New Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence: JSAI-isAI 2017, volume 10838 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science.
Springer, Berlin, 2018.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-93794-6_16. [1][2]
[HMcC24] Robert Henderson, Elin McCready.
Signaling without saying: The semantics and pragmatics of dogwhistles.
Oxford University Press, 2024. [1][2]
[Hen97] Alison Henry.
Viewing Change in Progress: The Loss of V2 in Hiberno-English Imperatives.
In Ans van Kemenade, Nigel Vincent, editors, Parameters of Morphosyntactic Change, pages 273–296.
Cambridge University Press, 1997.
[HV16] Aurélie Herbelot, Eva Maria Vecchi.
Many speakers, many worlds: interannotator variations in the quantification of feature norms.
Linguistic Issues in Language Technology, 13:37–57, 2016.
[HZ05] Caroline Heycock, Roberto Zamparelli.
Friends and Colleagues: Plurality, Coordination, and the Structure of DP.
Natural Language Semantics, 13(3):201–270, 2005.
doi:10.1007/s11050-004-2442-z. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Hib95] Junko Hibiya.
The Velar Nasal in Tokyo Japanese: A Sociolinguistic Study.
PhD thesis, University of Pennsylvania, 1995. [1][2]
[Hig80] James Higginbotham.
Reciprocal Interpretation.
Journal of Linguistic Research, 1(1):97–117, 1980. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Hig83] James Higginbotham.
The logic of perceptual reports: An extensional alternative to situation semantics.
The Journal of Philosophy, 80(2):100–127, 1983.
doi:10.5840/jphil198380289. [1]
[Hig85] James Higginbotham.
On Semantics.
Linguistic Inquiry, 16(4):547–593, 1985. [1][2]
[Him05] Nikolaus P. Himmelmann.
Tagalog.
In K. Alexander Adelaar, Nikolaus P. Himmelmann, editors, The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar, pages 350–376.
Routledge, London and New York, 2005. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[HH17] Daniel J. Hintz, Diane M. Hintz.
The inflexible category of mutual knowledge in Quechua.
Lingua, 186-187:88–109, 2017. [1]
[Hir01] Ken Hiraiwa.
Multiple Agree and the Defective Intervention Constraint in Japanese.
In Proceedings of the MIT-Harvard Joint Conference (HUMIT 2000), number 40 in MITWPL, 67–80. 2001. [1]
[Hir17] Aron Hirsch.
An Inflexible Semantics for Cross-Categorical Operators.
PhD thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. [1][2]
[Hir85] Julia Linn Bell Hirschberg.
A Theory of Scalar Implicature.
Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 1985.
Published 1991 by Garland Publishing, Inc., New York and London (Outstanding Dissertations in Linguistics, ed. Jorge Hankamer); ISBN 0-8153-0166-9. [1][2][3]
[Hoc58] Charles F. Hockett.
A Course in Modern Linguistics.
Macmillan, New York, 1958. [1]
[Hod97] Wilfrid Hodges.
Compositional semantics for a language of imperfect information.
Logic Journal of the IGPL, 5(4):539–563, 1997.
doi:10.1093/jigpal/5.4.539. [1][2]
[Hoe05] Jack Hoeksema.
In Days, Weeks, Months, Years, Ages: A Class of Temporal Negative Polarity Items.
In Dicky Gilbers, Petra Hendriks, editors, Rejected Papers: Feestbundel voor Ron van Zonneveld.
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, 2005. [1]
[HN08] Jack Hoeksema, Donna Jo Napoli.
Just for the hell of it: A comparison of two taboo-term constructions.
Journal of Linguistics, 44:347–378, 2008.
doi:10.1017/S002222670800515X. [1][2][3][4]
[Hol15] Anders Holmberg.
Verb second.
In Tibor Kiss, Artemis Alexiadou, editors, Syntax — Theory and Analysis: An International Handbook, volume 42.1 of Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft / Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science (HSK).
De Gruyter Mouton, 2015. [1]
[HMPWS12] David Holton, Peter Mackridge, Irene Philippaki-Warburton, Vassilios Spyropoulos.
Greek: A Comprehensive Grammar of the Modern Language.
Routledge, London, 2012.
doi:10.4324/9780203802380. [1][2]
[HMU00] John E. Hopcroft, Rajeev Motwani, Jeffrey D. Ullman.
Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation.
Second edition.
Addison-Wesley, Boston, 2000.
ISBN 0-201-44124-1. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[HU79] John E. Hopcroft, Jeffrey D. Ullman.
Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation.
Addison-Wesley, 1979.
ISBN 0-201-02988-X.
[Hop24] Jens Hopperdietzel.
Manner/result polysemy as contextual allosemy: Evidence from Daakaka.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 43(1):273–330, 2024.
doi:10.1007/s11049-024-09616-6. [1]
[Hor69] Laurence R. Horn.
A Presuppositional Analysis of Only and Even.
In Papers from the Fifth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society.
Chicago Linguistic Society, Chicago, 1969. [1]
[Hor78] Laurence R. Horn.
Remarks on Neg-Raising.
In Peter Cole, editor, Syntax and Semantics 9: Pragmatics, pages 129–220.
Academic Press, New York, 1978. [1][2][3]
[HS87] Geoffrey Horrocks, Melita Stavrou.
Bounding Theory and Greek Syntax: Evidence for Wh-Movement in NP.
Journal of Linguistics, 23(1):79–108, 1987.
doi:10.1017/S002222670001104X. [1][2][3][4]
[Hua82a] C.-T. James Huang.
Logical Relations in Chinese and the Theory of Grammar.
PhD thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1982. [1][2]
[Hua82b] C.-T. James Huang.
Logical Relations in Chinese and the Theory of Grammar.
Ph.D. Dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1982. [1][2][3]
[Hua82c] C.-T. James Huang.
Move wh in a language without wh-movement.
The Linguistic Review, 1:369–416, 1982. [1][2]
[HO04] C.-T. James Huang, Masao Ochi.
Syntax of the hell: Two types of dependencies.
In NELS 34: Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the North East Linguistic Society, 279–294. 2004. [1][2][3][4]
[Hua22] Cheng-Teh James Huang.
Finiteness, opacity, and Chinese clausal architecture.
In Andrew Simpson, editor, New explorations in Chinese theoretical syntax: Studies in honor of Yen-Hui Audrey Li, pages 17–76.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2022.
doi:10.1075/la.272.02hua.
[HAK+24] Kuan-Jung Huang, Suhas Arehalli, Mari Kugemoto, Christian Muxica, Grusha Prasad, Brian Dillon, Tal Linzen.
Large-scale benchmark yields no evidence that language model surprisal explains syntactic disambiguation difficulty.
Journal of Memory and Language, 137:104510, 2024.
doi:10.1016/j.jml.2024.104510. [1][2]
[Hua18] Nick Huang.
Control complements in Mandarin Chinese: Implications for restructuring and the Chinese finiteness debate.
Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 27(4):347–376, 2018.
doi:10.1007/s10831-018-9185-1.
[Hua24] Nick Huang.
Finiteness in a language without finite morphology: An experimental study of Mandarin Chinese.
Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 42(2):533–556, 2024.
doi:10.1007/s11049-023-09591-4.
[HSS13] Yi Ting Huang, Elizabeth Spelke, Jesse Snedeker.
What Exactly Do Numbers Mean?
Language Learning and Development, 9(2):105–129, 2013.
doi:10.1080/15475441.2012.658731. [1][2]
[Hym07] Larry M. Hyman.
Universals of tone rules: 30 years later.
In Tomas Riad, Carlos Gussenhoven, editors, Tones and Tunes: Typological Studies in Word and Sentence Prosody, pages 1–34.
Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, 2007. [1]
[Hym17] Larry M. Hyman.
Prefixal vowel length in Giphende: A prosodic account.
In
2017. [1]
[IAI01] Sabine Iatridou, Elena Anagnostopoulou, Roumyana Izvorski.
Observations about the Form and Meaning of the Perfect.
In Michael Kenstowicz, editor, Ken Hale: A Life in Language, pages 189–238.
MIT Press, 2001.
doi:10.7551/mitpress/4056.003.0009. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[Igg13] Oliver A. Iggesen.
Number of Cases.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/49. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Ink98] Sharon Inkelas.
The theoretical status of morphologically conditioned phonology: A case study from dominance.
In Geert Booij, Jaap van Marle, editors, Yearbook of Morphology 1997, pages 121–155.
Kluwer, 1998. [1][2][3][4][5]
[IO95] Sharon Inkelas, Cemil Orhan Orgun.
Level Ordering and Economy in the Lexical Phonology of Turkish.
Language, 71(4):763–793, 1995.
doi:10.2307/415744. [1]
[IZ07] Sharon Inkelas, Cheryl Zoll.
Is Grammar Dependence Real? A comparison between cophonological and indexed constraint approaches to morphologically conditioned phonology.
Linguistics, 45(1):133–171, 2007. [1][2]
[Ipp07] Michela Ippolito.
On the Meaning of Some Focus-Sensitive Particles.
Natural Language Semantics, 15(1):1–34, 2007.
doi:10.1007/s11050-007-9004-0. [1]
[IKW22] Michela Ippolito, Angelika Kiss, Will Williams.
The discourse function of adversative conjunction.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 26, 465–482. 2022.
doi:10.18148/sub/2022.v26i0.1012. [1][2][3][4]
[IK22] Shinichiro Ishihara, Nick Kalivoda.
Match Theory: An Overview.
Language and Linguistics Compass, 16:e12446, 2022.
doi:10.1111/lnc3.12446. [1][2][3]
[Ito86] Junko Itô.
Syllable Theory in Prosodic Phonology.
PhD thesis, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 1986. [1][2]
[IM86] Junko Itô, Armin Mester.
The Phonology of Voicing in Japanese.
Linguistic Inquiry, 17(1):49–73, 1986. [1]
[IM96] Junko Itô, Armin Mester.
The Phonological Lexicon.
Manuscript, University of California, Santa Cruz; later published in Tsujimura (ed.), 1999, 1996. [1][2]
[IM03] Junko Itô, Armin Mester.
Japanese Morphophonemics: Markedness and Word Structure.
Number 41 in Linguistic Inquiry Monographs.
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2003. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[IM09] Junko Itô, Armin Mester.
The Extended Prosodic Word.
In Janet Grijzenhout, Barış Kabak, editors, Phonological Domains: Universals and Deviations.
De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin, 2009. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
[Jac96] Ray Jackendoff.
The Proper Treatment of Measuring Out, Telicity, and Perhaps Even Quantification in English.
Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 14(2):305–354, 1996. [1][2]
[Jag07] Gerhard Jäger.
Maximum Entropy Models and Stochastic Optimality Theory.
In Architectures, Rules, and Preferences: Variations on Themes by Joan W. Bresnan, pages 467–479.
CSLI, Stanford, 2007. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[JG03] Philip J. Jaggar, Melanie Green.
Ex-situ and in-situ focus in Hausa: syntax, semantics and discourse.
In Jacqueline Lecarme, editor, Research in Afroasiatic Grammar II, volume 241 of Current Issues in Linguistic Theory, pages 187–214.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2003.
doi:10.1075/cilt.241.11gre. [1]
[JE91] Richard C. Jeffrey, Dorothy Edgington.
Matter-of-fact conditionals.
In Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Supplementary Volumes, volume 65, pages 161–209.
1991. [1][2][3]
[Jen15] Peter Jenks.
Two Kinds of Definites in Numeral Classifier Languages.
In Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory (SALT), volume 25, 103–124. 2015.
doi:10.3765/salt.v25i0.3057. [1][2][3]
[JV94] Per Anker Jensen, Carl Vikner.
Lexical Knowledge and the Semantic Analysis of Danish Genitive Constructions.
In Steffen Leo Hansen, Heinz Wegener, editors, Topics in Knowledge-based NLP Systems, pages 37–55.
Samfundslitteratur, Copenhagen, 1994. [1][2]
[Jeo17] Helen Jeoung.
On the Number of Voices in Madurese.
In volume 10, 16–35. 2017. [1][2][3]
[JS23] Jinwoo Jo, Yuki A Seo.
Japanese rare-constructions and the nature of the passive.
Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 32(1):91–132, 2023.
doi:10.1007/s10831-023-09253-x. [1][2]
[Joh72] C. Douglas Johnson.
Formal Aspects of Phonological Description.
Mouton, The Hague, 1972. [1]
[Joh91] Kyle Johnson.
Object positions.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 9(4):577–636, 1991.
doi:10.1007/bf00134751.
[Joh23] William Johnston.
Pair-list answers to questions with plural definites.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 16(2):1–23, 2023.
doi:10.3765/sp.16.2. [1]
[JM22] Hakyung Jung, Krzysztof Migdalski.
Toward a four-way pronoun hierarchy: A view from Slavic.
Journal of Slavic Linguistics, 30(FASL 29 extra issue):1–11, 2022.
doi:10.1353/jsl.2022.a923070. [1][2]
[Jun91] Herrmann Jungraithmayr.
A Dictionary of the Tangale Language (Kaltungo, Northern Nigeria).
Volume 12 of Sprache und Oralität in Afrika.
Dietrich Reimer, Berlin, 1991.
ISBN 9783496005933. [1]
[KL90] Nirit Kadmon, Fred Landman.
Polarity Sensitive Any and Free Choice Any.
In Proceedings of the Seventh Amsterdam Colloquium, Part I, 227–251. ITLI, University of Amsterdam, 1990. [1]
[KA11] Olga Kagan, Sascha Alexeyenko.
Degree Modification in Russian Morphology: The Case of the Suffix '-ovat'.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, volume 15, 321–333. 2011. [1]
[Kag99] René Kager.
Optimality Theory.
Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999.
ISBN 0-521-58019-6. [1][2][3]
[Kag07] René Kager.
Feet and metrical stress.
In The Cambridge Handbook of Phonology, pages 195–228.
Cambridge University Press, 2007.
doi:10.1017/cbo9780511486371.010. [1]
[KT73] Daniel Kahneman, Amos Tversky.
On the psychology of prediction.
Psychological Review, 80(4):237–251, 1973.
doi:10.1037/h0034747. [1]
[KS21a] Alexandros Kalomoiros, Florian Schwarz.
Presupposition Projection from Disjunction is Symmetric.
Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America, 6(1):556–571, 2021.
doi:10.3765/plsa.v6i1.4989. [1][2][3]
[KS24] Alexandros Kalomoiros, Florian Schwarz.
Presupposition Projection from ``and'' vs ``or'': Experimental Data and Theoretical Implications.
Journal of Semantics, 41(3–4):331–372, 2024.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffae011. [1]
[Kam86] Megumi Kameyama.
A Property-Sharing Constraint in Centering.
In Proceedings of the 24th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 200–206. 1986.
doi:10.3115/981131.981159. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Kam81] Hans Kamp.
A Theory of Truth and Semantic Representation.
In Jeroen Groenendijk, Theo Janssen, Martin Stokhof, editors, Formal Methods in the Study of Language, pages 1–42.
DE GRUYTER, 1981.
doi:10.1515/9783110867602.1. [1][2][3]
[KR83] Hans Kamp, Christian Rohrer.
Tense in Texts.
In Rainer Bäuerle, Christoph Schwarze, Arnim von Stechow, editors, Meaning, Use and Interpretation of Language, pages 250–269.
de Gruyter, 1983.
doi:10.1515/9783110852820.250. [1]
[Kam21] Anna Kampanarou.
Revisiting and Revising the ``Possessors as Locations'' (PAL) Hypothesis.
Paper presented at Working on Linguistics 1, University of Crete, 2021.
[Kam23] Anna Kampanarou.
Argument Structure Across Grammatical Categories: Existential, Possessive and Copular Constructions.
PhD thesis, University of Crete, Rethymnon, 2023. [1][2][3]
[KG15] Justine T. Kao, Noah D. Goodman.
Let's Talk (Ironically) About the Weather: Modeling Verbal Irony.
In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, volume 37. 2015.
URL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6pp9986m. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[KLG16] Justine T. Kao, Roger Levy, Noah D. Goodman.
A Computational Model of Linguistic Humor in Puns.
Cognitive Science, 40(5):1270–1285, 2016.
doi:10.1111/cogs.12269. [1]
[Kap99] David Kaplan.
The Meaning of Ouch and Oops: Explorations in the theory of meaning as use.
Manuscript / Howison Lecture, University of California, 1999. [1][2]
[KB82] Ronald M. Kaplan, Joan Bresnan.
Lexical-Functional Grammar: A Formal System for Grammatical Representation.
In Joan Bresnan, editor, The Mental Representation of Grammatical Relations, pages 173–281.
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1982.
[KK94] Ronald M. Kaplan, Martin Kay.
Regular Models of Phonological Rule Systems.
Computational Linguistics, 20(3):331–378, 1994.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/J94-3001/. [1]
[Kar76] Lauri Karttunen.
Discourse referents.
In James D. McCawley, editor, Syntax and Semantics 7: Notes from the Linguistic Underground, pages 363–386.
Academic Press, New York, 1976. [1][2][3]
[Kar89] Lauri Karttunen.
Radical Lexicalism.
In Mark R. Baltin, Anthony S. Kroch, editors, Alternative Conceptions of Phrase Structure. University of Chicago Press, 1989.
[KS12] Roni Katzir, Raj Singh.
Two restrictions on possible connectives.
In Thomas Graf, Denis Paperno, Anna Szabolcsi, Jos Tellings, editors, Theories of everything: In honor of Ed Keenan, volume 17 of UCLA Working Papers in Linguistics, 154–162. Los Angeles, 2012. UCLA Linguistics Department. [1]
[KS15] Roni Katzir, Raj Singh.
Economy of structure and information: Oddness, questions, and answers.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19, 322–339. 2015. [1][2][3]
[KZ18] Carina Kauf, Hedde Zeijlstra.
Towards a New Explanation of Sequence of Tense.
In Proceedings of SALT 28, 59–77. 2018. [1][2][3][4][5]
[KN84] Terrence Kaufman, William M. Norman.
An outline of Proto-Cholan phonology, morphology and vocabulary.
In John Justeson, Lyle Campbell, editors, Phoneticism in Mayan Hieroglyphic Writing, pages 77–166.
Institute for Mesoamerican Studies, State University of New York, Albany, 1984. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[Kau17] Magdalena Kaufmann.
What `may' and `must' may be in Japanese.
In Kenshi Funakoshi, Shigeto Kawahara, Christopher Tancredi, editors, Japanese/Korean Linguistics, volume 24.
CSLI Publications, 2017.
[KS09] Stefan Kaufmann, Magdalena Schwager.
A Unified Analysis of Conditional Imperatives.
In Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory (SALT) 19, 239–256. 2009.
[Kav90] Fotis Kavoukopoulos.
I Dinamiki Tis Genikis Sti Neoeliniki [The Dynamic of the Genitive in Modern Greek].
Studies in Greek Linguistics, 10:265–284, 1990.
[KM13a] Paul Kay, Luisa Maffi.
Green and Blue.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/134. [1]
[KM13b] Paul Kay, Luisa Maffi.
Number of Basic Colour Categories.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/133. [1]
[KM13c] Paul Kay, Luisa Maffi.
Number of Non-Derived Basic Colour Categories.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/132. [1]
[KM13d] Paul Kay, Luisa Maffi.
Red and Yellow.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/135. [1]
[KM19] Paul Kay, Laura A. Michaelis.
Constructional Meaning and Compositionality.
In Claudia Maienborn, Klaus von Heusinger, Paul Portner, editors, Semantics – Interfaces, pages 293–324.
De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin, 2019.
doi:10.1515/9783110589849-009. [1][2][3]
[Kay92] Jonathan Kaye.
On the Interaction of Theories of Lexical Phonology and Theories of Phonological Phenomena.
In Wolfgang U. Dressler, Hans C. Luschützky, Oskar E. Pfeiffer, John R. Rennison, editors, Phonologica 1988: Proceedings of the 6th International Phonology Meeting, pages 141–155.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1992. [1]
[KL84] Jonathan Kaye, Jean Lowenstamm.
De la syllabicité.
In François Dell, Daniel Hirst, Jean-Roger Vergnaud, editors, Forme sonore du langage, pages 123–159.
Hermann, Paris, 1984.
[KLV85] Jonathan Kaye, Jean Lowenstamm, Jean-Roger Vergnaud.
The Internal Structure of Phonological Elements: A Theory of Charm and Government.
Phonology Yearbook, 2(1):305–328, 1985.
doi:10.1017/S0952675700000476. [1][2][3]
[KLV90] Jonathan Kaye, Jean Lowenstamm, Jean-Roger Vergnaud.
Constituent Structure and Government in Phonology.
Phonology Yearbook, 7(2):193–231, 1990.
doi:10.1017/S0952675700001184. [1][2][3]
[Kay84] Richard S. Kayne.
Connectedness and Binary Branching.
Foris, Dordrecht, 1984.
[Kay08] Richard S. Kayne.
Antisymmetry and the lexicon.
Linguistic Variation Yearbook, 8:1–32, 2008. [1][2]
[Kay14] Richard S. Kayne.
Why isn't this a complementizer?
In Peter Svenonius, editor, Functional Structure From Top to Toe: The Cartography of Syntactic Structures, Volume 9, pages 188–231.
Oxford University Press, 2014. [1][2]
[Kea00] Kate Kearns.
Semantics.
St.\ Martin's, New York, 2000. [1][2]
[Kee87] Edward Keenan.
A Semantic Definition of Indefinite NP.
In Eric J. Reuland, Alice G. B. ter Meulen, editors, The Representation of (In)definiteness, pages 286–317.
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1987.
[KF85] Edward L. Keenan, Leonard M. Faltz.
Boolean Semantics for Natural Language.
Volume 23 of Synthese Language Library.
D. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1985.
doi:10.1007/978-94-009-6404-4. [1]
[Kel15] Stephanie A. Kelly.
Variable Glide Formation in Hexagonal French.
PhD thesis, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, 2015.
[Kem94] Suzanne Kemmer.
Middle Voice, Transitivity, and the Elaboration of Events.
In Barbara A. Fox, Paul J. Hopper, editors, Voice: Form and Function, volume 27 of Typological Studies in Language, pages 179–230.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 1994.
doi:10.1075/tsl.27.09kem. [1]
[Ken11] Christopher Kennedy.
Vagueness and Comparison.
In Paul Égré, Nathan Klinedinst, editors, Vagueness and Language Use, Palgrave Studies in Pragmatics, Language and Cognition.
Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2011.
doi:10.1057/9780230299313_4. [1]
[Ken96] Michael Kenstowicz.
Base-Identity and Uniform Exponence: Alternatives to Cyclicity.
In Jacques Durand, Bernard Laks, editors, Current Trends in Phonology: Models and Methods, volume 1, pages 363–394.
University of Salford Publications, Salford, 1996. [1][2][3][4]
[KL24] Nayoun Kim, Jiayi Lu.
Coordination of unlike categories creates grammaticality illusion.
Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics, 24:52–61, 2024.
doi:10.15738/kjell.24..202401.52. [1][2][3]
[Kim80] Alexandre Kimenyi.
A Relational Grammar of Kinyarwanda.
Volume 91 of University of California Publications in Linguistics.
University of California Press, Berkeley, 1980.
ISBN 0-520-09598-7.
[Kin13] Jeffrey C. King.
Supplementives, the coordination account, and conflicting intentions.
Philosophical Perspectives, 27:288–311, 2013. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Kin14a] Jeffrey C. King.
Speaker intentions in context.
Noûs, 48(2):219–237, 2014. [1][2]
[Kin14b] Jeffrey C. King.
The metasemantics of contextual sensitivity.
In Alexis Burgess, Brett Sherman, editors, Metasemantics: New essays on the foundations of meaning, pages 97–117.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2014.
[Kip73] Paul Kiparsky.
``Elsewhere'' in Phonology.
In Stephen R. Anderson, Paul Kiparsky, editors, A Festschrift for Morris Halle.
Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1973. [1][2][3][4]
[Kip82] Paul Kiparsky.
Lexical Morphology and Phonology.
In Linguistics in the Morning Calm.
Hanshin, Seoul, 1982. [1][2][3]
[Kip93] Paul Kiparsky.
An OT Perspective on Phonological Variation.
1993.
Handout, Rutgers Optimality Workshop. [1][2]
[Kip97] Paul Kiparsky.
Remarks on denominal verbs.
In Alex Alsina, Joan Bresnan, Peter Sells, editors, Complex predicates, pages 473–499.
CSLI Publications, 1997. [1][2]
[KH77] Paul Kiparsky, Morris Halle.
Towards a reconstruction of the Indo-European accent.
In Larry M. Hyman, editor, Studies in Stress and Accent.
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 1977. [1][2][3][4]
[Kle08] Wolfgang Klein.
The Topic Situation.
In Bernt Ahrenholz, Ursula Bredel, Wolfgang Klein, Martina Rost-Roth, Romuald Skiba, editors, Empirische Forschung und Theoriebildung, pages 287–305.
Peter Lang, 2008.
[Kli64] Edward S. Klima.
Negation in English.
In Jerry A. Fodor, Jerrold J. Katz, editors, The Structure of Language, pages 246–323.
Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1964.
URL: https://search.worldcat.org/title/710863.
[Kny16] Mikhail Knyazev.
Complementizers in Kalmyk.
In Kasper Boye, Petar Kehayov, editors, Complementizer Semantics in European Languages, pages 665–689.
De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin, 2016.
doi:10.1515/9783110416619-019. [1]
[Koi23] Masatoshi Koizumi.
Constituent Order in Language and Thought: A Case Study in Field-Based Psycholinguistics.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2023.
ISBN 9781108844031.
doi:10.1017/9781108915571. [1]
[KK06] Ekkehard König, Shigehiro Kokutani.
Towards a Typology of Reciprocal Constructions: Focus on German and Japanese.
Linguistics, 44(2):271–302, 2006.
doi:10.1515/LING.2006.010. [1][2]
[KST13] Ekkehard König, Peter Siemund, Stephan Töpper.
Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/47. [1]
[KLS91] Bernhard Korte, László Lovász, Rainer Schrader.
Greedoids.
Algorithms and Combinatorics.
Springer, 1991.
ISBN 978-3-540-18190-3.
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-58191-5. [1][2]
[KJ20] Nate Koser, Adam Jardine.
The computational nature of stress assignment.
In Proceedings of the 2019 Annual Meeting on Phonology. Linguistic Society of America, 2020. [1][2]
[Kra93] Marcus Kracht.
Mathematical Aspects of Command Relations.
In Proceedings of the Sixth Conference on European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 240. 1993.
doi:10.3115/976744.976773. [1][2][3][4]
[KW99] Martin Krämer, Dieter Wunderlich.
Transitivity alternations in Yucatec, and the correlation between aspect and argument roles.
Linguistics, 37(3):431–480, 1999.
doi:10.1515/ling.37.3.431. [1][2][3]
[Kra09a] Ruth Kramer.
Definite markers, phi-features, and agreement: A morphosyntactic investigation of the Amharic DP.
PhD thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz, 2009. [1][2]
[Kra98b] Angelika Kratzer.
Scope or Pseudoscope? Are There Wide-Scope Indefinites?
In Susan Rothstein, editor, Events and Grammar, pages 163–196.
Kluwer, 1998.
doi:10.1007/978-94-011-3969-4_8. [1][2][3][4]
[Kra04] Angelika Kratzer.
Covert Quantifier Restrictions in Natural Languages.
In Hans Kamp, Barbara Partee, editors, Context-Dependence in the Analysis of Linguistic Meaning.
Elsevier, 2004.
[Kri95a] Manfred Krifka.
Common Nouns: A Contrastive Analysis of English and Chinese.
In Gregory N. Carlson, Francis Jeffry Pelletier, editors, The Generic Book, pages 398–411.
Chicago University Press, Chicago, IL, 1995. [1]
[Kri03] Manfred Krifka.
Bare NPs: Kind-Referring, Indefinites, Both, or Neither?
Semantics and Linguistic Theory, 2003.
doi:10.3765/SALT.V13I0.2880. [1]
[Kri17] Manfred Krifka.
Negated polarity questions as denegations of assertions.
In Chungmin Lee, Ferenc Kiefer, Manfred Krifka, editors, Contrastiveness in Information Structure, Alternatives and Scalar Implicatures, pages 359–398.
Springer, 2017.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-10106-4_17. [1][2]
[Kri20] Manfred Krifka.
Layers of Assertive Clauses: Propositions, Judgements, Commitments, Acts.
In Jutta M. Hartmann, Angelika Wöllstein, editors, Propositionale Argumente im Sprachvergleich: Theorie und Empirie.
Narr, Tübingen, 2020. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[Kri21] Manfred Krifka.
Individuating matter over time.
In Jenny Doetjes, Diane Massam, editors, Countability in Natural Language.
Cambridge University Press, 2021. [1][2][3]
[Kri23] Manfred Krifka.
Layers of Assertive Clauses: Propositions, Judgements, Commitments, Acts.
In Jutta M. Hartmann, Angelika Wöllstein, editors, Propositional Arguments in Cross-Linguistic Research: Theoretical and Empirical Issues, pages 115–181.
Narr Verlag, 2023. [1]
[KPC+95] Manfred Krifka, Francis Jeffry Pelletier, Gregory N. Carlson, Alice ter Meulen, Gennaro Chierchia, Godehard Link.
Genericity: An Introduction.
In Gregory N. Carlson, Francis Jeffry Pelletier, editors, The Generic Book, pages 1–124.
University of Chicago Press, 1995.
doi:10.1515/9783110095869.1.14.966. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Kri09] Saul A. Kripke.
Presupposition and Anaphora: Remarks on the Formulation of the Projection Problem.
Linguistic Inquiry, 40(3):367–386, 2009.
doi:10.1162/ling.2009.40.3.367.
[KG85] Bhadriraju Krishnamurti, J. P. L. Gwynn.
A Grammar of Modern Telugu.
Oxford University Press, Delhi, 1985. [1][2][3]
[Kro72] Anthony S. Kroch.
Lexical and Inferred Meanings for Some Time Adverbs.
Technical Report QPR No. 104, MIT Research Laboratory of Electronics, 1972. [1][2]
[Kro91] Paul R. Kroeger.
Phrase Structure and Grammatical Relations in Tagalog.
Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University, 1991.
Published essentially unchanged as Kroeger 1993, CSLI Publications. [1][2][3]
[Kru61] John R. Krueger.
Chuvash manual: introduction, grammar, reader, and vocabulary.
Number 7 in Uralic and Altaic Series.
Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 1961.
[KI25] Yusuke Kubota, Misato Ido.
Outlook markers (as abstract discourse markers): An analysis of nanka in Japanese.
In Proceedings of SALT 35. Linguistic Society of America, 2025.
doi:10.3765/83tweh27. [1][2][3]
[KKS10] Marco Kuhlmann, Alexander Koller, Giorgio Satta.
The Importance of Rule Restrictions in CCG.
In Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 534–543. Uppsala, Sweden, 2010.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/P10-1055/.
[KY12] Grace C.-H. Kuo, Kristine M. Yu.
Taiwan Mandarin Quantifiers.
In Edward L. Keenan, Denis Paperno, editors, Handbook of Quantifiers in Natural Language, volume 90 of Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, pages 647–698.
Springer, 2012.
doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2681-9_12. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Kur97] Takeo Kurafuji.
Case checking of accusative wh-adjuncts.
MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, 1997. [1]
[Kur72] S.-Y. Kuroda.
The categorical and the thetic judgment: Evidence from Japanese syntax.
Foundations of Language, 9:153–185, 1972. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[KD21] Leyla Kursat, Judith Degen.
Perceptual difficulty differences predict asymmetry in redundant modification with color and material adjectives.
In Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America, volume 6, 676–688. 2021.
doi:10.3765/plsa.v6i1.5003. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
[Kus13] Dave W. Kush.
Respecting Relations: Memory Access and Antecedent Retrieval in Incremental Sentence Processing.
PhD thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, 2013. [1]
[Kwe11] Soo-Ok Kweon.
Processing null and overt pronoun subject in ambiguous sentences in Korean.
International Journal of Linguistics, 2011.
doi:10.5296/ijl.v3i1.732. [1][2][3]
[Lad81] D. Robert Ladd.
A First Look at the Semantics and Pragmatics of Negative Questions and Tag Questions.
In Papers from the 17th Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, 164–171. 1981. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Lam24] Dakotah Lambert.
System description: a theorem-prover for subregular systems: the Language Toolkit and its interpreter, Plebby.
In Jonathan Gibbons, Dale Miller, editors, Functional and Logic Programming: 17th International Symposium, FLOPS 2024, volume 14659 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 311–328. Singapore, 2024. Springer Nature.
doi:10.1007/978-981-97-2300-3_18.
[Lam22a] Dakotah Jay Lambert.
Unifying Classification Schemes for Languages and Processes with Attention to Locality and Relativizations Thereof.
PhD dissertation, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 2022.
ProQuest 29166919. [1][2][3][4]
[Lam04] Mariana Lambova.
V(P) Fronting and V Raising in Bulgarian.
In Olga Arnaoudova, Wayles Browne, Maria Luisa Rivero, Daniela Stojanović, editors, Formal Approaches to Slavic Linguistics: The Ottawa Meeting, pages 269–292.
Michigan Slavic Publications, 2004. [1]
[Lam94] Knud Lambrecht.
Information Structure and Sentence Form: Topic, Focus, and the Mental Representations of Discourse Referents.
Number 71 in Cambridge Studies in Linguistics.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1994.
ISBN 9780521380560. [1]
[Lam22c] Andrew Lamont.
Directional Constraint Evaluation Solves the Problem of Ties in Harmonic Serialism.
Linguistic Inquiry, 53(3):617–632, 2022. [1]
[Lam] Nicola Lampitelli.
Consonant-Vowel Division.
In Kuniya Nasukawa, Bridget Samuels, Geoffrey Schwartz, Miklos Torkenczy, editors, The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Phonology, 2nd edition.
Wiley-Blackwell, New York, to appear.
[Lan86] Fred Landman.
Conflicting presuppositions and modal subordination.
In Papers from the Twenty-Second Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, 195–207. Chicago, 1986. Chicago Linguistic Society.
[Lan89] Fred Landman.
Groups, I.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 12(5):559–605, 1989. [1][2]
[Lan98] Fred Landman.
Plurals and maximalization.
In Susan Rothstein, editor, Events and grammar, pages 237–271.
Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1998. [1][2][3]
[Lan00] Fred Landman.
Events and plurality: The Jerusalem lectures.
Kluwer, Dordrecht, 2000. [1]
[Lan11] Fred Landman.
Count Nouns – Mass Nouns – Neat Nouns – Mess Nouns.
The Baltic International Yearbook of Cognition, Logic and Communication, 6:1–67, 2011. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Lan16] Fred Landman.
Iceberg Semantics for Count Nouns and Mass Nouns: The Evidence from Portions.
The Baltic International Yearbook of Cognition, Logic and Communication, 11:1–48, 2016. [1][2][3]
[Lan20] Fred Landman.
Iceberg Semantics for Mass Nouns and Count Nouns: A New Framework for Boolean Semantics.
Volume 105 of Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy.
Springer, Cham, 2020.
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-42711-5. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Lan69] Ronald W. Langacker.
On Pronominalization and the Chain of Command.
Modern Studies in English, pages 160–186, 1969.
Reprinted from Reibel, D. A. and Schane, S. A. (eds.), Modern Studies in English, Prentice-Hall. [1][2][3][4]
[LC99] Alex Lascarides, Ann Copestake.
Default Representation in Constraint-Based Frameworks.
Computational Linguistics, 25(1):55–105, 1999.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/J99-1002/. [1][2]
[Las95] Peter Lasersohn.
Plurality, Conjunction and Events.
Volume 55 of Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy.
Springer Netherlands, 1995.
doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8581-1.
[Las11] Daniel Lassiter.
Measurement and Modality: The Scalar Basis of Modal Semantics.
PhD thesis, New York University, 2011. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Las17a] Daniel Lassiter.
Graded Modality: Qualitative and Quantitative Perspectives.
Number 10 in Oxford Studies in Semantics and Pragmatics.
Oxford University Press, 2017.
ISBN 978-0-19-870134-7. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[Las17b] Daniel Lassiter.
Probabilistic language in indicative and counterfactual conditionals.
In Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory 27, 525–546. 2017.
doi:10.3765/salt.v27i0.4188. [1][2][3][4][5]
[LBdS22] Bert Le Bruyn, Henriëtte de Swart.
Exceptional wide scope of bare nominals.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 15(7):1–32, 2022.
doi:10.3765/sp.15.7. [1][2][3]
[Leb88] David Lebeaux.
Language Acquisition and the Form of the Grammar.
PhD thesis, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 1988. [1][2][3]
[LA06] Winfried Lechner, Elena Anagnostopoulou.
Clitics and Adjacency in Greek PPs.
In Hans Broekhuis, Norbert Corver, Riny Huybregts, Ursula Kleinhenz, Jan Koster, editors, Linguistic Studies in Honor of Henk van Riemsdijk, pages 390–406.
De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin, 2006.
doi:10.1515/9783110892994.390.
[LY] Tommy Tsz-Ming Lee, Ka-Fai Yip.
`Again'-type elements.
In Andy Chin, Shin Kataoka, Bit-Chee Kwok, editors, The Routledge handbook of Cantonese linguistics.
Routledge, London. [1]
[LY24] Tommy Tsz-Ming Lee, Ka-Fai Yip.
Hyperraising, evidentiality, and phase deactivation.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 42:1527–1578, 2024.
doi:10.1007/s11049-023-09604-2. [1]
[LRM99] Willem J. M. Levelt, Ardi Roelofs, Antje S. Meyer.
A theory of lexical access in speech production.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22(1):1–75, 1999.
doi:10.1017/S0140525X99001776. [1][2]
[Lev11] Susannah V. Levi.
Glides.
In Marc van Oostendorp, Colin J. Ewen, Elizabeth Hume, Keren Rice, editors, The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Phonology, pages 341–366.
Wiley-Blackwell, Malden, MA, 2011.
[LK19] Beth Levin, Bonnie Krejci.
Talking about the weather: Two construals of precipitation events in English.
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 4(1):58, 2019.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.794. [1]
[LRH14] Beth Levin, Malka Rappaport Hovav.
Manner and result: A view from clean.
In Rob Pensalfini, Myfany Turpin, Diana Guillemin, editors, Language description informed by theory, pages 337–357.
John Benjamins, 2014.
doi:10.1075/slcs.147.14lev. [1]
[Lew20] Karen S. Lewis.
The speaker authority problem for context-sensitivity (or: You can't always mean what you want).
Erkenntnis, 85(6):1527–1555, 2020.
[LV05] Richard L. Lewis, Shravan Vasishth.
An Activation-Based Model of Sentence Processing as Skilled Memory Retrieval.
Cognitive Science, 29:375–419, 2005.
doi:10.1207/s15516709cog0000_25. [1][2]
[LT81] Charles N. Li, Sandra A. Thompson.
Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar.
University of California Press, Berkeley, 1981.
ISBN 9780520042865. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Lie83] Rochelle Lieber.
New developments in autosegmental morphology: Consonant mutation.
In Proceedings of the West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics, volume 2, 165–175. 1983. [1][2][3]
[LL09] Tzong-Hong Jonah Lin, Chi-Ming Louis Liu.
`Again' and `again': A grammatical analysis of \itshape you and \itshape zai in Mandarin Chinese.
Linguistics, 47(5):1183–1210, 2009.
doi:10.1515/LING.2009.041. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Lin56] D. V. Lindley.
On a Measure of the Information Provided by an Experiment.
Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 27(4):986–1005, 1956.
doi:10.1214/aoms/1177728069. [1][2]
[Lin87b] Godehard Link.
Generalized Quantifiers and Plurals.
In Peter Gärdenfors, editor, Generalized Quantifiers: Linguistic and Logical Approaches, volume 31 of Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, pages 151–180.
D. Reidel, 1987.
doi:10.1007/978-94-009-3381-1_6. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Lio16] Nikos Liosis.
Cosmopolitan or Local? The Dialects of the Smyrna Region.
In Angela Ralli, Nikos Koutsoukos, Stavros Bompolas, editors, Proceedings of the 6th International Conference of Modern Greek Dialects and Linguistic Theory (Patras, 25–28 September 2014).
University of Patras, Patras, 2016. [1][2][3][4]
[LS14] Anikó Lipták, Andrés Saab.
No N-raising out of NPs in Spanish: ellipsis as a diagnostic of head movement.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 32:1247–1271, 2014.
doi:10.1007/s11049-014-9247-7. [1][2][3][4]
[Lit20a] Carol-Rose Little.
Left branch extraction, object shift, and freezing effects in Tumbalá Ch'ol.
Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics, 5(1):1–29, 2020.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.1036. [1][2]
[Lit20b] Carol-Rose Little.
Mutual dependencies of nominal and clausal syntax in Ch'ol.
PhD thesis, Cornell University, 2020. [1][2]
[Lit05] Grigory L. Litvinov.
The Maslov Dequantization, Idempotent and Tropical Mathematics: A Brief Introduction.
arXiv:math/0507014; published in Journal of Mathematical Sciences 140(3), 2007, 2005.
URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0507014. [1][2][3][4]
[LR25] Mingya Liu, Stephanie Rotter.
Linguistic and Social Meaning Match: An Experiment on Modal Concord in English.
In Experiments in Linguistic Meaning, volume 3, 224–235. 2025.
doi:10.3765/elm.3.5817. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[Liu24] Yuyang Liu.
High vs.\ low `again': Mandarin \itshape you vs.\ \itshape zai and Cantonese \itshape -faan vs.\ \itshape -gwo.
In Buckeye East Asian Linguistics (BEAL), volume 7, 94–104. 2024.
[LGO22] Nicolás Lo Guercio, Eleonora Orlando.
Expressives and argument extension.
In Semantics and Linguistic Theory (SALT), volume 32, 44–62. 2022.
doi:10.3765/salt.v1i0.5334. [1]
[Lob00] Sebastian Löbner.
Polarity in Natural Language: Predication, Quantification, and Negation in Particular and Characterizing Sentences.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 23(3):213–308, 2000.
doi:10.1023/A:1005571202592. [1][2]
[Lob14] Sebastian Löbner.
Evidence for Frames from Human Language.
In Frames and Concept Types, Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, pages 23–67.
Springer, 2014.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-01541-5_2.
[Loh18] Horst Lohnstein.
Verum focus, sentence mood, and contrast.
In Christine Dimroth, Stefan Sudhoff, editors, The Grammatical Realization of Polarity Contrast: Theoretical, Empirical, and Typological Approaches, volume 249 of Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, pages 55–88.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2018.
doi:10.1075/la.249.02loh.
[Lon07] Robert E. Longacre.
Sentences as combinations of clauses.
In Shopen, editor, Language Typology and Syntactic Description, vol. 2, 2nd ed, pages 372–420.
Cambridge University Press, 2007.
doi:10.1017/cbo9780511619434.007. [1][2][3]
[Lon94] Giuseppe Longobardi.
Reference and Proper Names: A Theory of N-Movement in Syntax and Logical Form.
Linguistic Inquiry, 25(4):609–665, 1994. [1][2]
[Lor18] Alexandra Lorson.
The Influence of World Knowledge on Projectivity.
Master's thesis, University of Potsdam, 2018. [1]
[Low96] Jean Lowenstamm.
CV as the Only Syllable Type.
In Jacques Durand, Bernard Laks, editors, Current Trends in Phonology: Models and Methods.
European Studies Research Institute, University of Salford, 1996. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[Low14] Jean Lowenstamm.
Derivational Affixes as Roots: Phasal Spell-Out Meets English Stress Shift.
In Artemis Alexiadou, Hagit Borer, Florian Schäfer, editors, The Syntax of Roots and the Roots of Syntax.
Oxford University Press, 2014.
doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199665266.003.0011. [1][2][3][4][5]
[LP85] Jean Lowenstamm, Jean-François Prunet.
On Certain Nominal Patterns in Tigrinya.
In Proceedings of the 15th Conference on African Linguistics. Dordrecht, 1985. Foris. [1]
[LP88] Jean Lowenstamm, Jean-François Prunet.
Tigre Vowel Harmonies.
Rapport Annuel du Groupe de Recherche sur la Linguistique Africaniste au CRSH 1987-88, 1988. [1][2][3][4][5]
[LCB26] Yuxin Lu, Yu-Ying Chuang, R. Harald Baayen.
The realization of tones in spontaneous spoken Taiwan Mandarin: a corpus-based survey and theory-driven computational modeling.
Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory, 2026.
doi:10.1515/cllt-2025-0028. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[LK15] Christopher G. Lucas, Charles Kemp.
An improved probabilistic account of counterfactual reasoning.
Psychological Review, 122:700–734, 2015.
doi:10.1037/a0039655. [1][2]
[LG22] Andy Lücking, Jonathan Ginzburg.
Referential transparency as the proper treatment for quantification.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 15(4):1–58, 2022.
doi:10.3765/sp.15.4. [1][2][3][4]
[Lud01] Anke Lüdeling.
On Particle Verbs and Similar Constructions in German.
CSLI Publications, Stanford, 2001.
ISBN 9781575863016. [1]
[Luo12] Zhaohui Luo.
Common Nouns as Types.
In Béchet, Dikovsky, editors, LACL 2012, LNCS 7351: 173–185, pages 173–185.
Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-31262-5_12.
[MCM09] Bill MacCartney, Christopher D. Manning.
An extended model of natural logic.
In Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Computational Semantics, 140. 2009.
doi:10.3115/1693756.1693772. [1][2]
[MD08] Jonathan MacDonald.
The syntactic nature of inner aspect: A minimalist perspective.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2008.
doi:10.1075/la.133. [1][2][3][4]
[Mac15] John Mackay.
Actuality and Fake Tense in Conditionals.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 8(12):1–12, 2015.
doi:10.3765/sp.8.12. [1]
[Mac19] John Mackay.
Modal Interpretation of Tense in Subjunctive Conditionals.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 12(2):1–29, 2019.
doi:10.3765/sp.12.2. [1]
[Mac65] John L. Mackie.
Causes and conditions.
American Philosophical Quarterly, 2(4):245–264, 1965.
[MC05] Neil A. Macmillan, C. Douglas Creelman.
Detection Theory: A User's Guide.
Second edition.
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, 2005. [1][2][3][4][5]
[MSLF+24] Vinicius Macuch Silva, Alexandra Lorson, Michael Franke, Chris Cummins, Bodo Winter.
Strategic use of English quantifiers in the reporting of quantitative information.
Discourse Processes, 61(10):498–523, 2024.
doi:10.1080/0163853x.2024.2413311. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Mad13] Ian Maddieson.
Phonological inventory and tone features (WALS chapters 1–9, 11–13, 18–19).
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online (v2020.4).
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/1. [1][2][3]
[Mag25] Giorgio Magri.
Constraint Interaction in Probabilistic Phonology: Deducing Maximum Entropy Grammars from Hayes and Zuraw's Shifted Sigmoids Generalization.
Linguistic Inquiry, pages 1–37, 2025.
Early Access Corrected Proof.
doi:10.1162/LING.a.66. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
[Mah20] Taylor Mahler.
The Social Component of the Projection Behavior of Clausal Complement Contents.
Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America, 5(1):777–791, 2020.
doi:10.3765/plsa.v5i1.4703. [1]
[Mai05] Claudia Maienborn.
On the limits of the Davidsonian approach: The case of copula sentences.
Theoretical Linguistics, 31(3):275–316, 2005.
doi:10.1515/thli.2005.31.3.275.
[Mai14] Emar Maier.
Mixed quotation: The grammar of apparently transparent opacity.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 7(7):1–67, 2014.
doi:10.3765/sp.7.7. [1]
[Maj14] Helen Majewski.
Comprehending Each Other: Weak Reciprocity and Processing.
PhD thesis, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 2014.
doi:10.7275/6054703.0.
[MS15a] Sophia A. Malamud, Tamina Stephenson.
Three Ways to Avoid Commitments: Declarative Force Modifiers in the Conversational Scoreboard.
Journal of Semantics, 32(2):275–311, 2015.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffu002.
[MZRS20] Matthew Mandelkern, Jérémy Zehr, Jacopo Romoli, Florian Schwarz.
We've Discovered That Projection across Conjunction Is Asymmetric (and It Is!).
Linguistics and Philosophy, 43(5):473–514, 2020.
doi:10.1007/s10988-019-09276-5. [1][2]
[MPPT21] Marta Mangiarulo, Stefania Pighin, Luca Polonio, Katya Tentori.
The effect of evidential impact on perceptual probabilistic judgments.
Cognitive Science, 2021.
doi:10.1111/cogs.12919.
[MSB20] John Mansfield, Sabine Stoll, Balthasar Bickel.
Category Clustering: A Probabilistic Bias in the Morphology of Verbal Agreement Marking.
Language, 96(2):255–293, 2020.
doi:10.1353/lan.2020.0021.
[Mar93] Alec Marantz.
Implications of asymmetries in double object constructions.
In Sam A. Mchombo, editor, Theoretical Aspects of Bantu Grammar 1, pages 113–150.
CSLI Publications, Stanford, CA, 1993. [1]
[Mar20b] Joshua Robert Martin.
Wh-the-hell as a polarity-insensitive, speaker-oriented domain restrictor.
In Proceedings of the 30th Semantics and Linguistic Theory Conference (SALT 30), 334–354. 2020.
doi:10.3765/salt.v30i0.4824. [1][2]
[Mar75] Samuel E. Martin.
A Reference Grammar of Japanese.
Yale University Press, New Haven, 1975. [1][2][3]
[MVC25] Gabriel Martínez Vera, José Camacho.
Evidentiality and focus in Colombian Spanish: A comparative analysis of dizque and como.
Glossa: A Journal of General Linguistics, 10(1):1–34, 2025. [1]
[MPK15] Violeta Martínez-Paricio, René Kager.
The Binary-to-Ternary Rhythmic Continuum in Stress Typology: Layered Feet and Non-Intervention Constraints.
Phonology, 32(3):459–504, 2015.
doi:10.1017/S0952675715000287. [1][2][3][4]
[Mar19] Martina Martinović.
Interleaving syntax and postsyntax: Spellout before syntactic movement.
Syntax, 22(4):378–418, 2019.
doi:10.1111/synt.12169. [1]
[MNB15] Franc Marušič, Andrew Nevins, William Badecker.
The Grammars of Conjunction Agreement in Slovenian.
Syntax, 18:39–77, 2015. [1][2][3]
[MN13] Elena Maslova, Vladimir P. Nedjalkov.
Reciprocal Constructions.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/106. [1][2]
[MT08] Eladio Mateo Toledo.
The Family of Complex Predicates in Q'anjob'al (Maya); Their Syntax and Meaning.
PhD thesis, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 2008.
Committee: Nora C. England (supervisor), Judith Aissen, Roberto Zavala Maldonado, Anthony C. Woodbury, Stephen Wechsler. Available via Texas ScholarWorks (handle TBD). [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
[MN18] Dejan Matić, Irina Nikolaeva.
From polarity focus to salient polarity: From things to processes.
In Christine Dimroth, Stefan Sudhoff, editors, The Grammatical Realization of Polarity Contrast: Theoretical, Empirical, and Typological Approaches, volume 249 of Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, pages 9–53.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2018.
doi:10.1075/la.249.01mat. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[MP13] Dejan Matić, Brigitte Pakendorf.
Non-canonical SAY in Siberia: Areal and genealogical patterns.
Studies in Language, 37(2):356–412, 2013.
doi:10.1075/sl.37.2.04mat. [1]
[MY94] Stephen Matthews, Virginia Yip.
Cantonese: A comprehensive grammar.
Routledge, London, 1994. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Mat99] Lisa Matthewson.
On the Interpretation of Wide-Scope Indefinites.
Natural Language Semantics, 7(1):79–134, 1999.
doi:10.1023/a:1008376601708.
[Mat04] Lisa Matthewson.
On the methodology of semantic fieldwork.
International Journal of American Linguistics, 70(4):369–415, 2004.
doi:10.1086/429207. [1][2]
[Mat06a] Lisa Matthewson.
Temporal Semantics in a Superficially Tenseless Language.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 29:673–713, 2006.
doi:10.1007/s10988-006-9010-6.
[Mat12] Lisa Matthewson.
On the (Non-)Future Orientation of Modals in English, Gitksan and Blackfoot.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 16, vol. 2, MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, 431–446. Cambridge, MA, 2012. [1][2]
[MM18] Connor Mayer, Travis Major.
A challenge for tier-based strict locality from Uyghur backness harmony.
In Annie Foret, Greg Kobele, Sylvain Pogodalla, editors, Formal Grammar 2018, volume 10950 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 62–83. Berlin, 2018. Springer.
doi:10.1007/978-3-662-57784-4_4. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[May93] Peter Mayo.
Belorussian.
In Bernard Comrie, Greville G. Corbett, editors, The Slavonic Languages, Routledge Language Family Series, pages 887–946.
Routledge, London and New York, 1993. [1][2]
[McCKG+20] Arya D. McCarthy, Christo Kirov, Matteo Grella, Amrit Nidhi, Patrick Xia, Kyle Gorman, Ekaterina Vylomova, Sabrina J. Mielke, Garrett Nicolai, Miikka Silfverberg, Timofey Arkhangelskiy, Nataly Krizhanovsky, Andrew Krizhanovsky, Elena Klyachko, Alexey Sorokin, John Mansfield, Valts Ernštreits, Yuval Pinter, Cassandra L. Jacobs, Ryan Cotterell, Mans Hulden, David Yarowsky.
UniMorph 3.0: Universal Morphology.
In Proceedings of the Twelfth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, 3922–3931. European Language Resources Association, 2020.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/2020.lrec-1.483. [1]
[McC81] John J. McCarthy.
A Prosodic Theory of Nonconcatenative Morphology.
Linguistic Inquiry, 12(3):373–418, 1981. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[McC94] John J. McCarthy.
The Phonetics and Phonology of Semitic Pharyngeals.
In Patricia A. Keating, editor, Papers in Laboratory Phonology III: Phonological Structure and Phonetic Form, pages 191–283.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1994. [1]
[McC95] John J. McCarthy.
Extensions of Faithfulness: Rotuman Revisited.
Manuscript, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. ROA-110, 1995.
[McC00] John J. McCarthy.
Harmonic serialism and parallelism.
In M. Hirotani, A. Coetzee, N. Hall, J. Kim, editors, Proceedings of the 30th Annual Meeting of the North East Linguistic Society (NELS 30). Amherst, MA, 2000. Graduate Linguistic Student Association.
URL: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/nels/vol30/iss2/8. [1]
[McC05] John J. McCarthy.
Optimal Paradigms.
In Laura J. Downing, T. Alan Hall, Renate Raffelsiefen, editors, Paradigms in Phonological Theory.
Oxford University Press, 2005. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]
[McC08] John J. McCarthy.
The gradual path to cluster simplification.
Phonology, 25(2):271–319, 2008. [1]
[McC10] John J. McCarthy.
An Introduction to Harmonic Serialism.
Language and Linguistics Compass, 4(10):1001–1018, 2010. [1][2]
[McCMS12] John J. McCarthy, Kevin Mullin, Brian W. Smith.
Implications of Harmonic Serialism for lexical tone association.
In Bert Botma, Roland Noske, editors, Phonological Explorations: Empirical, Theoretical and Diachronic Issues, pages 265–297.
De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston, 2012. [1][2]
[McCP90] John J. McCarthy, Alan S. Prince.
Foot and Word in Prosodic Morphology: The Arabic Broken Plural.
Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 8:209–283, 1990.
doi:10.1007/BF00208524. [1]
[McC68] James D. McCawley.
The Phonological Component of a Grammar of Japanese.
Mouton, The Hague, 1968. [1][2]
[McC06] James McCloskey.
Questions and Questioning in a Local English.
In Raffaella Zanuttini, Héctor Campos, Elena Herburger, Paul H. Portner, editors, Crosslinguistic Research in Syntax and Semantics: Negation, Tense, and Clausal Architecture, pages 87–126.
Georgetown University Press, 2006. [1][2][3][4]
[McC19a] Adam G. McCollum.
Gradient morphophonology: Evidence from Uyghur vowel harmony.
In Proceedings of the Annual Meetings on Phonology, volume 7. Linguistic Society of America, 2019.
doi:10.3765/amp.v7i0.4546. [1][2]
[McC19b] Elin McCready.
The Semantics and Pragmatics of Honorification: Register and Social Meaning.
Volume 11 of Oxford Studies in Semantics and Pragmatics.
Oxford University Press, 2019.
doi:10.1093/oso/9780198821366.001.0001. [1]
[McF74] Daniel McFadden.
Conditional logit analysis of qualitative choice behavior.
In Paul Zarembka, editor, Frontiers in Econometrics, pages 105–142.
Academic Press, New York, 1974. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[McM16] Kevin James McMullin.
Tier-based locality in long-distance phonotactics: Learnability and typology.
PhD thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. [1][2][3][4][5]
[McNS22] Louise McNally, Alexandra A. Spalek.
Grammatically relevant aspects of meaning and verbal polysemy.
Linguistics, 60:1943–1987, 2022.
doi:10.1515/ling-2020-0167. [1]
[McP22] Laura McPherson.
Word tone is epiphenomenal: a case study from Poko.
In Haruo Kubozono, Junko Itô, Armin Mester, editors, Prosody and prosodic interfaces, pages 329–364.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2022. [1]
[McPD21] Laura McPherson, Matthew S. Dryer.
The tone system of Poko-Rawo (Skou).
Phonological Data and Analysis, 3:article 1, 2021. [1]
[McPH16] Laura McPherson, Jeffrey Heath.
Phrasal grammatical tone in the Dogon languages.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 34:593–639, 2016.
doi:10.1007/s11049-015-9309-5. [1]
[McRCSMcN05] Ken McRae, George S. Cree, Mark S. Seidenberg, Chris McNorgan.
Semantic feature production norms for a large set of living and nonliving things.
Behavior Research Methods, 37:547–559, 2005.
doi:10.3758/BF03192726.
[Mei07] Jörg Meibauer.
How Marginal Are Phrasal Compounds? Generalized Insertion, Expressivity, and I/Q-Interaction.
Morphology, 17(2):233–259, 2007.
doi:10.1007/s11525-008-9118-1. [1][2][3][4]
[Mei03] Cécile Meier.
The meaning of too, enough, and so...that.
Natural Language Semantics, 11(1):69–107, 2003.
doi:10.1023/a:1023002608785.
[MGP24] Clara Meister, Mario Giulianelli, Tiago Pimentel.
Towards a Similarity-Adjusted Surprisal Theory.
In Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 16485–16498. 2024.
doi:10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.921. [1]
[Mel88] Igor Mel'čuk.
Dependency Syntax: Theory and Practice.
State University of New York Press, Albany, NY, 1988.
ISBN 978-0-88706-650-1.
[Mel14] Dimitra Melissaropoulou.
Reorganization of Grammar in the Light of the Language Contact Factor: A Case Study on Grico and Cappadocian.
In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference of Modern Greek Dialects and Linguistic Theory, 311–334. 2014.
[MP14] Mythili Menon, Roumyana Pancheva.
The grammatical life of property concept roots in Malayalam.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, volume 18, 289–302. 2014. [1][2]
[MP22] Nazarré Merchant, Alan Prince.
The Mother of All Tableaux: Order, equivalence, and geometry in the large-scale structure of OT.
Version 2.1.1. Rutgers Optimality Archive, 2022. [1][2][3]
[Mer94] Francesca C. Merlan.
A grammar of Wardaman: A language of the Northern Territory of Australia.
Number 11 in Mouton Grammar Library.
Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, 1994. [1][2]
[Mer14b] Dionysios Mertyris.
The Loss of the Genitive in Greek: A Diachronic and Dialectological Analysis.
PhD thesis, La Trobe University, Melbourne, 2014. [1][2]
[Mer19b] Dionysios Mertyris.
Defective Genitives of \textiota-Neuter Nouns in Modern Greek: The Role of Synizesis.
In Modern Greek Dialects and Linguistic Theory: Proceedings of the International Conference Series of Modern Greek Dialects and Linguistics Theory, 163–176. 2019.
[Mer23] Dionysios Mertyris.
The Loss of the Partitive Genitive in Greek.
Lexicographic Bulletin of the Research Center for Modern Greek Dialects of the Academy of Athens, 27-28:251–282, 2023.
doi:10.12681/ld.38008. [1][2]
[MF21] Marie-Christine Meyer, Roman Feiman.
Composing Alternatives: The Structural Source of Scalar and Free Choice Implicatures.
Journal of Memory and Language, 121:104279, 2021. [1][2]
[MS17] Marie-Christine Meyer, Uli Sauerland.
Covert Across-the-Board Movement Revisited: Free Choice and the Scope of Modals.
In Proceedings of NELS 47. 2017. [1]
[MCS24] Dimitris Michelioudakis, Stergios Chatzikyriakidis, Giorgos Spathas.
The Emergence of Prepositional Genitives in Greek and its Diachronic Implications.
In Christina Sevdali, Dionysios Mertyris, Elena Anagnostopoulou, editors, The Place of Case in Grammar, pages 275–303.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2024.
doi:10.1093/oso/9780198865926.003.0011. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Mie13] Matti Miestamo.
Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/113. [1][2]
[Mif95] Manwel Mifsud.
Loan Verbs in Maltese: A Descriptive and Comparative Study.
E. J. Brill, Leiden, 1995. [1]
[Mil77] Gary Milsark.
Toward an Explanation of Certain Peculiarities of the Existential Construction in English.
Linguistic Analysis, 3:1–29, 1977. [1]
[Mit05] Anita Mittwoch.
Unspecified arguments in episodic and habitual sentences.
In Nomi Erteschik-Shir, Tova Rapoport, editors, The syntax of aspect, pages 237–254.
Oxford University Press, 2005.
doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199280445.003.0011. [1][2][3]
[MBIL+01] David A. Mix Barrington, Neil Immerman, Clemens Lautemann, Nicole Schweikardt, Denis Thérien.
The Crane Beach conjecture.
In Proceedings of the 16th IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science, 187–196. Los Alamitos, CA, 2001. IEEE Computer Society.
doi:10.1109/LICS.2001.932496.
[MK19] Teruyuki Mizuno, Stefan Kaufmann.
Past-as-Past in Japanese Counterfactuals.
In Chicago Linguistic Society (CLS), volume 54, 309–324. 2019. [1][2]
[MA19] Maša Močnik, Rafael Abramovitz.
A variable-force variable-flavor attitude verb in Koryak.
In Proceedings of the 22nd Amsterdam Colloquium, 494–503. 2019. [1]
[Mol04] Friederike Moltmann.
Properties and kinds of tropes: New linguistic facts and old philosophical insights.
Mind, 113(449):1–43, 2004.
doi:10.1093/mind/113.449.1. [1][2][3][4]
[Mol19] Friederike Moltmann.
Attitudinal objects: Their ontology and importance for philosophy and natural language semantics.
In The act of judgment, pages 180–201.
Routledge, London, 2019. [1]
[Mol24] Friederike Moltmann.
Objects and attitudes.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2024. [1][2]
[Mol25] Friederike Moltmann.
Events in Contemporary Semantics.
In James Bahoh, Marta Cassina, Sergio Genovesi, editors, 21st-Century Philosophy of Events: Beyond the Analytic/Continental Divide.
Edinburgh University Press, 2025.
URL: https://hal.science/hal-05014906. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Mon73] Richard Montague.
The Proper Treatment of Quantification in Ordinary English.
In Jaakko Hintikka, Julius Moravcsik, Patrick Suppes, editors, Approaches to Natural Language, pages 141–162.
D. Reidel, 1973.
doi:10.1007/978-94-009-2727-8_7. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Moo26] Ellise Moon.
Countability and measured parts in mixed drink nouns.
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 2026. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[MC21] Claire Moore-Cantwell.
The representation of probabilistic phonological patterns: Neurological, behavioral, and computational evidence from the English stress system.
Language, 2021. [1][2][3][4]
[Mou20] Keir Moulton.
Remarks on propositional nominalization.
In Artemis Alexiadou, Hagit Borer, editors, Nominalization: 50 years from Chomsky's Remarks, pages 93–120.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2020.
[MR18] Olav Mueller-Reichau.
Two kinds of VERUM distinguished by aspect choice in Russian.
In Christine Dimroth, Stefan Sudhoff, editors, The Grammatical Realization of Polarity Contrast: Theoretical, Empirical, and Typological Approaches, volume 249 of Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, pages 203–225.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2018.
doi:10.1075/la.249.07mue.
[Mul24] Stefan Müller.
Anaphoric binding.
In Stefan Müller, Anne Abeillé, Robert D. Borsley, Jean-Pierre Koenig, editors, Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar: The Handbook, Second edition, number 9 in Empirically Oriented Theoretical Morphology and Syntax, pages 951–1009.
Language Science Press, Berlin, 2024.
doi:10.5281/zenodo.13645097. [1][2]
[Mun93] Alan Munn.
Topics in the syntax and semantics of coordinate structures.
PhD thesis, University of Maryland, 1993. [1][2][3][4]
[Mur17] Sarah E. Murray.
The Semantics of Evidentials.
Oxford University Press, 2017. [1][2]
[Mus95] Renate Musan.
On the Temporal Interpretation of Noun Phrases.
PhD thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995.
doi:10.4324/9781003249658. [1][2]
[Mus04] Julien Musolino.
The semantics and acquisition of number words: integrating linguistic and developmental perspectives.
Cognition, 93(1):1–41, 2004.
doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2003.10.002. [1][2]
[ML03] Julien Musolino, Jeffrey Lidz.
The Scope of Isomorphism: Turning Adults Into Children.
Language Acquisition, 11(4):277–291, 2003.
doi:10.1207/s15327817la1104_3. [1][2]
[NBS24] Prerna Nadathur, Elitzur Bar-Asher Siegal.
Modeling progress: causal models, event types, and the imperfective paradox.
In Jiayi Lu, Emily Petersen, editors, Proceedings of the 40th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics. Cascadilla, 2024. [1][2][3]
[Nar09] Heiko Narrog.
Modality in Japanese: The Layered Structure of the Clause and Hierarchies of Functional Categories.
Number 109 in Studies in Language Companion Series.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2009.
URL: https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.109. [1][2]
[Nar10] Heiko Narrog.
(Inter)subjectification in the Domain of Modality and Mood: Concepts and Cross-Linguistic Realities.
In Kristin Davidse, Lieven Vandelanotte, Hubert Cuyckens, editors, Subjectification, Intersubjectification and Grammaticalization, number 66 in Topics in English Linguistics, pages 385–429.
De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin, 2010.
doi:10.1515/9783110226102.385. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]
[NPTvdK22] Ad Neeleman, Joy Philip, Misako Tanaka, Hans van de Koot.
Subordination and binary branching.
Syntax, 26:41–84, 2022.
doi:10.1111/synt.12244. [1]
[NPTv23] Ad Neeleman, Joy Philip, Misako Tanaka, Hans van de Koot.
Subordination and binary branching.
Syntax, 26(1):41–84, 2023.
doi:10.1111/synt.12245.
[Nek96] Marek Nekula.
System der Partikeln im Deutschen und Tschechischen.
Number 355 in Linguistische Arbeiten.
Max Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen, 1996.
doi:10.1515/9783110930924. [1][2][3]
[Nev10] Andrew Nevins.
Locality in vowel harmony.
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2010.
[Nev11] Andrew Nevins.
Multiple agree with clitics: person complementarity vs.\ omnivorous number.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 29:939–971, 2011.
doi:10.1007/s11049-011-9150-4. [1][2]
[NW19] Andrew Nevins, Philipp Weisser.
Closest Conjunct Agreement.
Annual Review of Linguistics, 5:219–241, 2019. [1][2][3]
[New08] Heather Newell.
Aspects of the morphology and phonology of phases.
PhD thesis, McGill University, Montreal, 2008. [1][2]
[New17] Heather Newell.
Nested phase interpretation and the PIC.
In Heather Newell, Máire Noonan, Glyne Piggott, Lisa deMena Travis, editors, The structure of words at the interfaces, pages 20–40.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2017.
doi:10.1093/oso/9780198778264.003.0002.
[New24] Elise Newman.
When Arguments Merge.
Number 88 in Linguistic Inquiry Monographs.
The MIT Press, 2024.
ISBN 9780262379960. [1][2][3]
[New84] John Newman.
Nasal replacement in Western Austronesian: an overview.
Philippine Journal of Linguistics, 15:1–17, 1984.
Pre-DOI era; PJL has no Crossref registration. [1][2][3]
[New92] Michael Newman.
Pronominal disagreements: The stubborn problem of singular epicene antecedents.
Language in Society, 21(3):447–475, 1992.
doi:10.1017/S0047404500015529. [1][2][3]
[NB13a] Johanna Nichols, Balthasar Bickel.
Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/24. [1][2][3][4]
[NB13b] Johanna Nichols, Balthasar Bickel.
Locus of Marking in the Clause.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/23. [1][2]
[NB13c] Johanna Nichols, Balthasar Bickel.
Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/25. [1][2][3]
[NB13d] Johanna Nichols, Balthasar Bickel.
Obligatory Possessive Inflection.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/58. [1][2][3]
[NB13e] Johanna Nichols, Balthasar Bickel.
Zero Marking of A and P Arguments.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/25B. [1][2]
[Nik91] Kiki Nikiforidou.
The Meanings of the Genitive: A Case Study in Semantic Structure and Semantic Change.
Cognitive Linguistics, 2(2):149–205, 1991.
doi:10.1515/cogl.1991.2.2.149.
[Nis92] Taisuke Nishigauchi.
Syntax of Reciprocals in Japanese.
Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 1(2):157–196, 1992.
doi:10.1007/bf00130235. [1][2]
[Nis05] Jon Nissenbaum.
Kissing Pedro Martinez: (Existential) anankastic conditionals and rationale clauses.
In Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory, volume 15. 2005.
[Nom15] Hiroki Nomoto.
Person Restriction on Passive Agents in Malay and Givenness.
In Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Information Structure of Austronesian Languages, 83–101. 2015. [1][2]
[Nom21] Hiroki Nomoto.
Bare Passive Agent Hierarchy.
In Henrison Hsieh, Keely New, editors, Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Meeting of the Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association (AFLA 27), 57–70. 2021. [1][2]
[Nou06] Rick Nouwen.
Remarks on the Polar Orientation of Almost.
In Linguistics in the Netherlands 2006, pages 162–173.
2006.
doi:10.1075/avt.23.17nou. [1][2][3]
[Nou03] Rick W. F. Nouwen.
Plural Pronominal Anaphora in Context: Dynamic Aspects of Quantification.
PhD thesis, Utrecht University, 2003.
LOT Dissertation Series 84.
URL: https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/630. [1]
[Now00] Anita Nowak.
On split PPs in Polish.
Unpublished Generals Paper, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 2000. [1]
[Obe02] Klaus Oberauer.
Access to information in working memory: Exploring the focus of attention.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(3):411–421, 2002.
doi:10.1037/0278-7393.28.3.411. [1]
[Odd84] David Odden.
Stem tone assignment in Shona.
In G. N. Clements, John Goldsmith, editors, Autosegmental studies in Bantu tone, pages 255–280.
Foris, Dordrecht, 1984. [1]
[Ogi14] Toshiyuki Ogihara.
The Semantics of -ta in Japanese Future Conditionals.
In Luka Crni\v c, Uli Sauerland, editors, The Art and Craft of Semantics: A Festschrift for Irene Heim, volume 71 of MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, pages 1–21.
MITWPL, Cambridge, MA, 2014.
URL: https://semanticsarchive.net/Archive/jZiNmM4N/Ogihara.pdf. [1][2]
[Ogi19] Toshiyuki Ogihara.
Tense.
In Paul Portner, Klaus von Heusinger, Claudia Maienborn, editors, Semantics: Noun Phrases and Verb Phrases, pages 436–462.
De Gruyter Mouton, 2019.
doi:10.1515/9783110589443-013. [1][2]
[Oha94] John J. Ohala.
Towards a universal, phonetically-based, theory of vowel harmony.
In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 1994), 491–494. 1994.
doi:10.21437/ICSLP.1994-113.
[Ohl18] Peter Öhl.
Veridicality and sets of alternative worlds: On embedded interrogatives and the complementizers that and if.
In Christine Dimroth, Stefan Sudhoff, editors, The Grammatical Realization of Polarity Contrast: Theoretical, Empirical, and Typological Approaches, volume 249 of Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, pages 109–127.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2018.
doi:10.1075/la.249.04ohl.
[OG12] Timothy Osborne, Thomas Groß.
Constructions Are Catenae: Construction Grammar Meets Dependency Grammar.
Cognitive Linguistics, 23(1):165–216, 2012.
doi:10.1515/cog-2012-0006. [1][2][3][4]
[OL23] Timothy Osborne, Jiaxin Li.
Coordination and referential dependencies: a dependency grammar account in terms of predicate-valent structures.
Folia Linguistica, 57(3):629–659, 2023.
doi:10.1515/flin-2023-2024. [1][2][3][4]
[Osh23] David Yoshikazu Oshima.
The semantics and sociopragmatics of the Japanese honorific titles san, kun, and chan: Some focal points of variation.
Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 32(2):169–200, 2023.
doi:10.1007/s10831-023-09255-9. [1]
[OK18] Rainer Osswald, Laura Kallmeyer.
Towards a formalization of Role and Reference Grammar.
In Rolf Kailuweit, Lisann Künkel, Eva Staudinger, editors, Applying and Expanding Role and Reference Grammar, pages 355–378.
Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg, 2018.
URL: https://user.phil.hhu.de/~osswald/publications/Osswald_Kallmeyer-2018.pdf.
[Osw86] Robert L. Oswalt.
The Evidential System of Kashaya.
In Wallace Chafe, Johanna Nichols, editors, Evidentiality: The Linguistic Coding of Epistemology, pages 29–45.
Ablex, Norwood, NJ, 1986. [1][2][3][4]
[Oua08] Hamid Ouali.
On C-to-T phi-feature transfer: The nature of agreement and antiagreement in Berber.
In Roberta D'Alessandro, Gunnar Hrafn Hrafnbjargarson, Susann Fischer, editors, Agreement restrictions, pages 159–180.
Mouton de Gruyter, 2008. [1][2][3][4]
[Oyh93] Bernard Oyharçabal.
Verb agreement with non-arguments: On allocutive agreement.
In J. I. Hualde, J. Ortiz de Urbina, editors, Generative Studies in Basque Linguistics, pages 89–114.
John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1993.
doi:10.1075/cilt.105.04oyh.
[OQR+25] Deniz Özyıldız, Ciyang Qing, Floris Roelofsen, Wataru Uegaki, Maribel Romero.
Operationalizing focus-sensitivity in a cross-linguistic context.
Natural Language Semantics, 34:47–83, 2025.
doi:10.1007/s11050-025-09243-w.
[PV26] Dario Paape, Shravan Vasishth.
Context ameliorates but does not eliminate garden-pathing: Novel insights from latent-process modeling.
Journal of Memory and Language, 148:104748, 2026.
doi:10.1016/j.jml.2026.104748. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Pai20] Mathieu Paillé.
Tucking-in and Pivot-Third Word Order.
In Proceedings of the Austronesian Formal Linguistics Association (AFLA), volume 27, 83–97. 2020. [1][2]
[PS23] Lefteris Paparounas, Martin Salzmann.
Reciprocal = Floating Quantifier + Anaphor: Evidence from Greek.
In Proceedings of NELS 53, 35–44. University of Massachusetts Amherst, Graduate Linguistics Student Association, 2023.
[PS87a] Remo Pareschi, Mark J. Steedman.
A Lazy Way to Chart-Parse with Extended Categorial Grammars.
In Proceedings of the 25th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. 1987.
doi:10.3115/981175.981187.
[Par02] Steve Parker.
Quantifying the Sonority Hierarchy.
Linguistics, 40(2):369–422, 2002. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Par89] Barbara H. Partee.
Many Quantifiers.
In Joyce Powers, Kenneth de Jong, editors, Proceedings of the 5th Eastern States Conference on Linguistics (ESCOL '89), 383–402. Ohio State University, 1989. [1][2]
[PB01] Barbara H. Partee, Vladimir Borschev.
Some Puzzles of Predicate Possessives.
In István Kenesei, Robert M. Harnish, editors, Perspectives on Semantics, Pragmatics and Discourse: A Festschrift for Ferenc Kiefer, pages 91–117.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2001. [1][2]
[PB03] Barbara H. Partee, Vladimir Borschev.
Genitives, Relational Nouns, and Argument-Modifier Ambiguity.
In Ewald Lang, Claudia Maienborn, Cathrine Fabricius-Hansen, editors, Modifying Adjuncts, Interface Explorations.
Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, 2003. [1][2]
[Par72] Barbara Hall Partee.
Opacity, Coreference, and Pronouns.
In Donald Davidson, Gilbert Harman, editors, Semantics of Natural Language, pages 415–441.
Springer, 1972.
doi:10.1007/978-94-010-2557-7_13. [1][2]
[Pas19a] Mary Paster.
Phonological substance and SPE-style rules.
In Theoretical and Computational Phonology.
2019. [1][2]
[Pat99] Joe Pater.
Austronesian nasal substitution and other NC effects.
In René Kager, Harry van der Hulst, Wim Zonneveld, editors, The Prosody-Morphology Interface, pages 310–343.
Cambridge University Press, 1999.
doi:10.1017/cbo9780511627729.009. [1][2]
[Pat00] Joe Pater.
Nonuniformity in English stress: The role of ranked and lexically specific constraints.
Phonology, 17(2):237–274, 2000.
doi:10.1017/S0952675701003900. [1]
[Pat01] Joe Pater.
Austronesian nasal substitution revisited: what's wrong with *NC (and what's not).
In Linda Lombardi, editor, Segmental Phonology in Optimality Theory: Constraints and Representations, pages 159–182.
Cambridge University Press, 2001.
doi:10.1017/cbo9780511570582.006. [1]
[Pat09] Joe Pater.
Morpheme-specific phonology: Constraint indexation and inconsistency resolution.
In Steve Parker, editor, Phonological argumentation: Essays on evidence and motivation.
Equinox, London, 2009. [1][2][3]
[Pat10] Joe Pater.
Morpheme-Specific Phonology: Constraint Indexation and Inconsistency Resolution.
In Steve Parker, editor, Phonological Argumentation: Essays on Evidence and Motivation.
Equinox, London, 2010. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Paw82] Zdzisław Pawlak.
Rough Sets.
International Journal of Computer and Information Sciences, 11(5):341–356, 1982.
doi:10.1007/BF01001956. [1]
[PVH17] Amanda Payne, Mai Ha Vu, Jeffrey Heinz.
A Formal Analysis of Correspondence Theory.
In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting on Phonology 2016. Washington, DC, 2017. Linguistic Society of America. [1]
[PP90] Doris L. Payne, Thomas E. Payne.
Yagua.
In Desmond C. Derbyshire, Geoffrey K. Pullum, editors, Handbook of Amazonian languages, volume 2, pages 249–474.
Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, 1990. [1][2]
[Pea09] Judea Pearl.
Causality: Models, Reasoning, and Inference.
Second edition.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2009.
doi:10.1017/CBO9780511803161. [1]
[Per06] Orin Percus.
Antipresuppositions.
In Ayumi Ueyama, editor, Theoretical and Empirical Studies of Reference and Anaphora: Toward the Establishment of Generative Grammar as an Empirical Science, pages 52–73.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 2006. [1][2][3]
[PS03] Orin Percus, Uli Sauerland.
On the LFs of attitude reports.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 7. 2003. [1][2][3][4]
[PRS63] Micha Perles, Michael Oser Rabin, Eli Shamir.
The theory of definite automata.
IEEE Transactions on Electronic Computers, 12:233–243, 1963.
doi:10.1109/PGEC.1963.263534. [1]
[Pes87] David Pesetsky.
Wh-in-situ: Movement and unselective binding.
In The Representation of (In)definiteness, volume 98, pages 98–129.
1987. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Pet07] Wiebke Petersen.
Representation of Concepts as Frames.
In Meaning, Frames, and Conceptual Representation, pages 43–68.
De Gruyter, 2007.
doi:10.1515/9783110720129-003.
[Pet04] Peter Peterson.
Coordination: Consequences of a lexical-functional account.
Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 22:643–679, 2004.
doi:10.1023/b:nala.0000027673.49915.2b.
[Pet10] Tyler Peterson.
Epistemic Modality and Evidentiality in Gitksan at the Semantics-Pragmatics Interface.
University of British Columbia Working Papers in Linguistics, 28:148–168, 2010. [1][2][3]
[Phi22] Mareike Philipp.
Quantifier Scope Ambiguities in English, German, and Asante Twi (Akan): Structural and Pragmatic Factors.
PhD thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2022.
[PB91] Martin Pickering, Guy Barry.
Sentence Processing without Empty Categories.
Language and Cognitive Processes, 6(3):229–259, 1991.
doi:10.1080/01690969108406944. [1][2]
[Pie01] Janet B. Pierrehumbert.
Exemplar Dynamics: Word Frequency, Lenition and Contrast.
In Joan Bybee, Paul Hopper, editors, Frequency and the Emergence of Linguistic Structure, volume 45 of Typological Studies in Language, pages 137–157.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2001.
[PP88] Steven Pinker, Alan Prince.
On language and connectionism: Analysis of a parallel distributed processing model of language acquisition.
Cognition, 28(1–2):73–193, 1988.
doi:10.1016/0010-0277(88)90032-7. [1][2]
[PS13] David Plunkett, Tim Sundell.
Disagreement and the semantics of normative and evaluative terms.
Philosophers' Imprint, 13(23):1–37, 2013.
doi:10.2027/spo.3521354.0013.023. [1][2]
[Pod07] Robert J. Podesva.
Phonation Type as a Stylistic Variable: The Use of Falsetto in Constructing a Persona.
Journal of Sociolinguistics, 11(4):478–504, 2007.
doi:10.1111/j.1467-9841.2007.00334.x. [1]
[PP04] Cecilia Poletto, Jean-Yves Pollock.
On the Left Periphery of Some Romance Wh-Questions.
In Luigi Rizzi, editor, The Structure of CP and IP: The Cartography of Syntactic Structures, volume 2, pages 251–296.
Oxford University Press, 2004.
doi:10.1093/oso/9780195159486.003.0009. [1]
[Pol13b] Maria Polinsky.
Antipassive Constructions.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/108. [1][2]
[Pol13c] Maria Polinsky.
Applicative Constructions.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/109. [1][2]
[PP01] Maria Polinsky, Eric Potsdam.
Long-Distance Agreement and Topic in Tsez.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 19(3):583–646, 2001.
doi:10.1023/A:1010757806504. [1][2][3]
[PSK+18] Eva B. Poortman, Marijn E. Struiksma, Nir Kerem, Naama Friedmann, Yoad Winter.
Reciprocal Expressions and the Maximal Typicality Hypothesis.
Glossa, 3(1):1–30, 2018.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.180.
[Por04] Paul Portner.
The Semantics of Imperatives within a Theory of Clause Types.
In Semantics and Linguistic Theory (SALT), volume 14, 235–252. 2004.
doi:10.3765/salt.v14i0.2907. [1][2][3][4][5]
[PPZ19] Paul Portner, Miok Pak, Raffaella Zanuttini.
The Speaker-Addressee Relation at the Syntax-Semantics Interface.
Language, 95(1):1–36, 2019.
doi:10.1353/lan.2019.0008. [1][2]
[PR20] Paul Portner, Aynat Rubinstein.
Desire, Belief, and Semantic Composition: Variation in Mood Selection with Desire Predicates.
Natural Language Semantics, 28(4):343–393, 2020.
doi:10.1007/s11050-020-09167-7. [1][2][3][4]
[Pos64] Paul M. Postal.
Limitations of Phrase Structure Grammars.
In Jerry A. Fodor, Jerrold J. Katz, editors, The Structure of Language: Readings in the Philosophy of Language, pages 137–151.
Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1964.
[Pos66] Paul M. Postal.
On So-Called `Pronouns' in English.
In Francis Dinneen, editor, Report of the Seventeenth Annual Round Table Meeting on Linguistics and Language Studies.
Georgetown University Press, 1966.
URL: https://hdl.handle.net/10822/555459. [1]
[PL15] Christopher Potts, Roger Levy.
Negotiating lexical uncertainty and speaker expertise with disjunction.
In Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, volume 41, 417–445. 2015.
doi:10.20354/b4414110013. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[PP02] Christopher Potts, Geoffrey K. Pullum.
Model Theory and the Content of OT Constraints.
Phonology, 19(3):361–393, 2002.
doi:10.1017/S0952675703004408. [1]
[PM98] George Poulos, Christian T. Msimang.
A Linguistic Analysis of Zulu.
Via Afrika, Cape Town, 1998.
ISBN 9780799415261.
[PD06] Sandeep Prasada, Elaine M. Dillingham.
Principled and Statistical Connections in Common Sense Conception.
Cognition, 99(1):73–112, 2006.
doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2005.01.003.
[Pri93] T. M. S. Priestly.
Slovene.
In Bernard Comrie, Greville G. Corbett, editors, The Slavonic Languages, Routledge Language Family Series, pages 388–454.
Routledge, London and New York, 1993. [1][2][3][4]
[Pri97] Alan Prince.
Stringency and anti-Paninian hierarchies.
Handout, LSA Linguistic Institute, Cornell University; not on ROA., 1997.
[Pri81] Ellen F. Prince.
Toward a Taxonomy of Given–New Information.
In Peter Cole, editor, Radical Pragmatics, pages 223–255.
Academic Press, 1981. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Pri92] Ellen F. Prince.
The ZPG Letter: Subjects, Definiteness, and Information-status.
In William C. Mann, Sandra A. Thompson, editors, Discourse Description: Diverse Linguistic Analyses of a Fund-Raising Text, pages 295–325.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 1992. [1]
[PR11] Kathryn Pruitt, Floris Roelofsen.
Disjunctive questions: prosody, syntax, and semantics.
Presented at a seminar at the Georg August Universität Göttingen, 2011. [1][2]
[PQ24] Joni Puljujärvi, Davide Emilio Quadrellaro.
Compactness in Team Semantics.
Mathematical Logic Quarterly, 2024.
doi:10.1002/malq.202200072. [1]
[Pul86] Douglas Pulleyblank.
Tone in Lexical Phonology.
In volume 4 of Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory.
D. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1986. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[PZ86] Geoffrey Pullum, Arnold Zwicky.
Phonological resolution of syntactic feature conflict.
Language, 62(4):751–773, 1986.
doi:10.2307/415171.
[Pul91] Geoffrey K. Pullum.
English nominal gerund phrases as noun phrases with verb phrase heads.
Linguistics, 29(5):763–799, 1991.
doi:10.1515/ling.1991.29.5.763. [1]
[PS01] Geoffrey K. Pullum, Barbara C. Scholz.
On the distinction between model-theoretic and generative-enumerative syntactic frameworks.
In Philippe de Groote, Glyn Morrill, Christian Retoré, editors, Logical Aspects of Computational Linguistics: 4th International Conference, number 2099 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 17–43.
Springer, Berlin, 2001.
doi:10.1007/3-540-48199-0_2. [1][2]
[Qin21] Ciyang Qing.
Zero or Minimum Degree? Rethinking Minimum Gradable Adjectives.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, volume 25. 2021. [1]
[QF13] Ciyang Qing, Michael Franke.
Variations on a Bayesian Theme.
In Language, Cognition, and Mind, pages 201–220.
Springer International Publishing, 2013.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17064-0_9.
[QF15] Ciyang Qing, Michael Franke.
Variations on a Bayesian Theme: Comparing Bayesian Models of Referential Reasoning.
In Henk Zeevat, Hans-Christian Schmitz, editors, Bayesian Natural Language Semantics and Pragmatics, volume 2 of Language, Cognition, and Mind, pages 201–220.
Springer, 2015.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17064-0_9. [1]
[QGL16] Ciyang Qing, Noah D. Goodman, Daniel Lassiter.
A Rational Speech-Act Model of Projective Content.
In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, volume 38. 2016.
URL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vf8t36v. [1][2][3][4][5]
[RS61] Howard Raiffa, Robert Schlaifer.
Applied Statistical Decision Theory.
Studies in Managerial Economics.
Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, Harvard University, Boston, 1961.
ISBN 0-87584-017-5.
URL: https://books.google.com/books?id=dJjyEAAAQBAJ. [1][2][3][4]
[Ral00] Angela Ralli.
A Feature-Based Analysis of Greek Nominal Inflection.
Glossologia, 11-12:201–227, 2000.
[Ram22] Athanasios Michael Ramadanidis.
Projective and Other Locative PPs in Greek.
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 2022.
doi:10.16995/glossa.6153.
[Ram93] Owen Rambow.
Pragmatic Aspects of Scrambling and Topicalization in German.
In Workshop on Centering Theory in Naturally-Occurring Discourse, Institute for Research in Cognitive Science. Philadelphia, PA, 1993.
[RH17] Malka Rappaport Hovav.
Grammatically relevant ontological categories underlie manner/result complementarity.
In Proceedings of the Israel Association for Theoretical Linguistics 2016, MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 86, pages 77–98.
Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, MIT, 2017.
[RHL01] Malka Rappaport Hovav, Beth Levin.
An event structure account of English resultatives.
Language, 77(4):766–797, 2001. [1]
[RHL10] Malka Rappaport Hovav, Beth Levin.
Reflections on manner/result complementarity.
In M. Rappaport Hovav et al, editor, Lexical Semantics, Syntax, and Event Structure, 21–38, pages 21–38.
Oxford University Press, 2010.
doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199544325.003.0002. [1][2][3][4][5]
[RHL12] Malka Rappaport Hovav, Beth Levin.
Lexicon uniformity and verbal polysemy.
In Martin Everaert, Marijana Marelj, Tal Siloni, editors, The Theta System: Argument Structure at the Interface, pages 150–176.
Oxford University Press, 2012. [1][2]
[RHF21] Neil Rathi, Michael Hahn, Richard Futrell.
An Information-Theoretic Characterization of Morphological Fusion.
In Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 10115–10120. 2021.
doi:10.18653/v1/2021.emnlp-main.793. [1][2][3][4]
[Raw08] Kyle Rawlins.
(Un)conditionals: An investigation in the syntax and semantics of conditional structures.
PhD thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz, 2008. [1][2]
[RRR26] Alice Rees, Vilde Reksnes, Hannah Rohde.
Why are you telling me this? The availability and timing of relevance inferences.
Journal of Memory and Language, 148:104741, 2026.
doi:10.1016/j.jml.2026.104741. [1]
[RKK07] Terry Regier, Paul Kay, Naveen Khetarpal.
Color naming reflects optimal partitions of color space.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(4):1436–1441, 2007.
doi:10.1073/pnas.0610341104. [1][2][3][4]
[Rei81] Tanya Reinhart.
Pragmatics and Linguistics: An Analysis of Sentence Topics.
Philosophica, 27(1):53–94, 1981.
[Rei97] Tanya Reinhart.
Quantifier Scope: How Labor Is Divided Between QR and Choice Functions.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 20(4):335–397, 1997.
doi:10.1023/a:1005349801431. [1][2][3][4]
[RW72] Robert A. Rescorla, Allan R. Wagner.
A Theory of Pavlovian Conditioning: Variations in the Effectiveness of Reinforcement and Nonreinforcement.
In Abraham H. Black, William F. Prokasy, editors, Classical Conditioning II: Current Theory and Research, pages 64–99.
Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, 1972. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Ric24] Frank Richter.
Formal background.
In Stefan Müller, Anne Abeillé, Robert D. Borsley, Jean-Pierre Koenig, editors, Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar: The Handbook, Second edition, number 9 in Empirically Oriented Theoretical Morphology and Syntax, pages 93–131.
Language Science Press, Berlin, 2024.
doi:10.5281/zenodo.13645007. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]
[RH99] Catherine O. Ringen, Orvokki Heinämäki.
Variation in Finnish vowel harmony: An OT account.
Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 17(2):303–337, 1999.
doi:10.1023/A:1006158818498.
[RvPM22] Lilia Rissman, Saskia van Putten, Asifa Majid.
Evidence for a shared instrument prototype from English, Dutch, and German.
Cognitive Science, 2022.
doi:10.1111/cogs.13140. [1]
[Rit91] Elizabeth Ritter.
Two Functional Categories in Noun Phrases: Evidence from Modern Hebrew.
In Perspectives on Phrase Structure: Heads and Licensing, volume 25 of Syntax and Semantics, pages 37–62.
Brill, 1991.
doi:10.1163/9789004373198_004. [1]
[Riz78] Luigi Rizzi.
A Restructuring Rule in Italian Syntax.
Rivista di Grammatica Generativa, 3:127–181, 1978. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Rob87a] Craige Roberts.
Modal Subordination, Anaphora, and Distributivity.
PhD thesis, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 1987. [1][2]
[Rob89] Craige Roberts.
Modal Subordination and Pronominal Anaphora in Discourse.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 12(6):683–721, 1989.
doi:10.1007/bf00632602. [1][2][3]
[Rob96] Craige Roberts.
Information Structure in Discourse: Towards an Integrated Formal Theory of Pragmatics.
In Jae-Hak Yoon, Andreas Kathol, editors, OSU Working Papers in Linguistics No.\ 49: Papers in Semantics, pages 91–136.
The Ohio State University, 1996.
doi:10.3765/sp.5.6. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Rob93] Ian Roberts.
Verbs and Diachronic Syntax: A Comparative History of English and French.
Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory.
Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1993. [1][2]
[RR09] Ian Roberts, Anna Roussou.
Syntactic Change: A Minimalist Approach to Grammaticalization.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2009.
[Rob10] Ian G. Roberts.
Agreement and Head Movement: Clitics, Incorporation, and Defective Goals.
Number 59 in Linguistic Inquiry Monographs.
MIT Press, 2010. [1]
[Rob87b] John R. Roberts.
Amele.
Croom Helm, New York, 1987.
[RR24] Tom Roberts, Deniz Rudin.
Polarity Reversal Questions and the Semantics of Prosodic Incorporation.
In Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 28. 2024.
[Roc18] Michael Rochemont.
Only syntax.
In Jutta M. Hartmann, Marion Jäger, Andreas Konietzko, Susanne Winkler, editors, Freezing: Theoretical Approaches and Empirical Domains, pages 264–283.
De Gruyter, 2018. [1][2]
[RU20] Floris Roelofsen, Wataru Uegaki.
Searching for a universal constraint on the possible denotations of clause-embedding predicates.
In Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory 30, 542–561. 2020.
doi:10.3765/salt.v30i0.4834. [1]
[RU21] Floris Roelofsen, Wataru Uegaki.
Searching for a universal constraint on the possible denotations of clause-embedding predicates.
In Semantics and Linguistic Theory, volume 30, 542–561. 2021. [1]
[RvG10] Floris Roelofsen, Sam van Gool.
Disjunctive questions, intonation and highlighting.
In Maria Aloni, Harald Bastiaanse, Tikitu de Jager, Katrin Schulz, editors, Logic, Language and Meaning: Amsterdam Colloquium 2009 (Selected Papers), 384–394. Springer, 2010.
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-14287-1_39. [1][2][3]
[RL19] James Rogers, Dakotah Lambert.
Some classes of sets of structures definable without quantifiers.
In Philippe de Groote, Frank Drewes, Gerald Penn, editors, Proceedings of the 16th Meeting on the Mathematics of Language, 63–77. Toronto, 2019. Association for Computational Linguistics.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/W19-5706/.
[RP11] James Rogers, Geoffrey K. Pullum.
Aural Pattern Recognition Experiments and the Subregular Hierarchy.
Journal of Logic, Language and Information, 20(3):329–342, 2011.
doi:10.1007/s10849-011-9140-2. [1][2]
[RHKF22] Hannah Rohde, Jet Hoek, Maayan Keshev, Michael Franke.
This Better Be Interesting: A Speaker's Decision to Speak Cues Listeners to Expect Informative Content.
Open Mind: Discoveries in Cognitive Science, 6:118–131, 2022.
doi:10.1162/opmi_a_00058. [1][2]
[Rom05] Maribel Romero.
Concealed Questions and Specificational Subjects.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 28(6):687–737, 2005.
doi:10.1007/s10988-005-2654-9.
[Rom15a] Maribel Romero.
Surprise-predicates, strong exhaustivity and alternative questions.
In Proceedings of SALT 25, 225–245. 2015.
doi:10.3765/salt.v25i0.3081.
[Rom15b] Maribel Romero.
The Conservativity of `many'.
In Thomas Brochhagen, Floris Roelofsen, Nadine Theiler, editors, Proceedings of the 20th Amsterdam Colloquium, 20–29. 2015. [1]
[Rom20] Maribel Romero.
Form and Function of Negative, Tag, and Rhetorical Questions.
In The Oxford Handbook of Negation, pages 235–254.
Oxford University Press, 2020.
doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198830528.013.8. [1]
[RAL+24] Camilo R. Ronderos, Helena Aparicio, Miriam Long, Vishakha Shukla, Julian Jara-Ettinger, Paula Rubio-Fernandez.
Perceptual, Semantic, and Pragmatic Factors Affect the Derivation of Contrastive Inferences.
Open Mind: Discoveries in Cognitive Science, 8:1213–1227, 2024.
doi:10.1162/opmi_a_00165. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[RP82] Mats Rooth, Barbara Partee.
Conjunction, Type Ambiguity, and Wide Scope Or.
In Proceedings of WCCFL 1. 1982. [1][2]
[RA17] Elise C. Rosa, Jennifer E. Arnold.
Predictability Affects Production: Thematic Roles Can Affect Reference Form Selection.
Journal of Memory and Language, 94:43–60, 2017.
doi:10.1016/j.jml.2016.07.007. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[RKM22] Wojciech Rostworowski, Katarzyna Kuś, Bartłomiej Maćkiewicz.
Against intentionalism: An experimental study on demonstrative reference.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 45(5):1027–1061, 2022.
[Rot11] Daniel Rothschild.
Explaining presupposition projection with dynamic semantics.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 4(3):1–43, 2011.
doi:10.3765/sp.4.3.
[Rot93] Robert A. Rothstein.
Polish.
In Bernard Comrie, Greville G. Corbett, editors, The Slavonic Languages, Routledge Language Family Series, pages 686–758.
Routledge, London and New York, 1993. [1][2][3]
[Rot13] Susan Rothstein.
A Fregean semantics for number words.
In Maria Aloni, Michael Franke, Floris Roelofsen, editors, Proceedings of the 19th Amsterdam Colloquium, 179–186. 2013. [1]
[Rot17b] Susan Rothstein.
Semantics for Counting and Measuring.
Key Topics in Semantics and Pragmatics.
Cambridge University Press, 2017.
doi:10.1017/9781316156254. [1][2][3]
[RL25] Stephanie Rotter, Mingya Liu.
A Register Approach to Modal (Non-)Concord in English: An Experimental Study of Linguistic and Social Meaning.
English Language & Linguistics, 29(3):478–504, 2025.
doi:10.1017/S1360674325100361. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Rou19] Anna Roussou.
Complement clauses: Case and argumenthood.
In Franco Ludovico, Paolo Lorusso, editors, Linguistic variation: Structure and interpretation. Studies in honor of M. Rita Manzini, pages 609–632.
De Gruyter, Berlin, 2019. [1][2]
[Rub13] Carl Rubino.
Reduplication.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/27. [1][2]
[Rul03] Hotze Rullmann.
Additive particles and polarity.
Journal of Semantics, 20(4):329–401, 2003. [1][2][3]
[RMD08] Hotze Rullmann, Lisa Matthewson, Henry Davis.
Modals as Distributive Indefinites.
Natural Language Semantics, 16(4):317–357, 2008.
doi:10.1007/s11050-008-9036-0. [1][2]
[Rus06] Benjamin Russell.
Against grammatical computation of scalar implicatures.
Journal of Semantics, 23(4):361–382, 2006.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffl008. [1][2]
[SW12] Sivan Sabato, Yoad Winter.
Relational Domains and the Interpretation of Reciprocals.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 35(3):191–241, 2012.
doi:10.1007/s10988-012-9117-x.
[SMM22] Mathias Sablé-Meyer, Salvador Mascarenhas.
Indirect illusory inferences from disjunction: A new bridge between deductive inference and representativeness.
Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 13:567–592, 2022.
doi:10.1007/s13164-021-00543-8.
[Sab01] Kjell Johan Sæbø.
Necessary conditions in a natural language.
In Caroline Féry, Wolfgang Sternefeld, editors, Audiatur Vox Sapientiae: A Festschrift for Arnim von Stechow, pages 427–449.
Akademie Verlag, 2001. [1][2]
[Sad78] Jerrold M. Sadock.
On Testing for Conversational Implicature.
In Peter Cole, editor, Syntax and Semantics, Volume 9: Pragmatics, pages 281–297.
Academic Press, New York, 1978. [1][2]
[SGWW85] Ivan A. Sag, Gerald Gazdar, Thomas Wasow, Steven Weisler.
Coordination and how to distinguish categories.
Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 3(2):117–171, 1985.
doi:10.1007/bf00133839. [1][2]
[STB25] Motoki Saito, Fabian Tomaschek, R. Harald Baayen.
Interaction of frequency and inflectional status: An approach from discriminative learning.
Preprint v1, 2025. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[SAF+88] Mario Saltarelli, Miren Azkarate, David Farwell, Jon Ortiz de Urbina, Lourdes Oñederra.
Basque.
Croom Helm Descriptive Grammars.
Croom Helm, 1988.
[San10] Liliana Sánchez.
The Morphology and Syntax of Topic and Focus: Minimalist Inquiries in the Quechua Periphery.
John Benjamins, 2010. [1][2]
[San17] Hannah Sande.
Distributing Morphologically Conditioned Phonology: Three case studies from Guébie.
PhD thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2017.
URL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/38g4f01q. [1]
[San18a] Hannah Sande.
Cross-word morphologically conditioned scalar tone shift in Guébie.
Morphology, 28(3):253–295, 2018.
doi:10.1007/s11525-018-9327-1.
[San19] Hannah Sande.
A unified account of conditioned phonological alternations: Evidence from Guébie.
Language, 95(3):456–497, 2019.
doi:10.1353/lan.2019.0053. [1]
[San20] Hannah Sande.
Guébie (Côte d'Ivoire, Ivory Coast) — Language Snapshot.
Language Documentation and Description, 19:35–44, 2020.
doi:10.25894/ldd63.
[San22] Hannah Sande.
The phonology of Guébie.
Language and Linguistics Compass, 16(8):e12468, 2022.
doi:10.1111/lnc3.12468. [1]
[SBJ19] Hannah Sande, Nico Baier, Peter Jenks.
The syntactic diversity of SAuxOV in West Africa.
In Emily Clem, Peter Jenks, Hannah Sande, editors, Theory and description in African Linguistics: Selected papers from the 47th Annual Conference on African Linguistics, pages 667–701.
Language Science Press, Berlin, 2019.
doi:10.5281/zenodo.3367195.
[SF17] Galit W. Sassoon, Julie Fadlon.
The Role of Dimensions in Classification under Predicates Predicts their Status in Degree Constructions.
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 2(1):42:1–40, 2017.
doi:10.5334/gjgl.155. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Sat19] Deniz Satik.
Long Distance Agree and Infinitival Overt Subjects.
2019.
Cited by @citeallotey-2021; exact venue unverified. [1][2][3]
[Sat13] Yosuke Sato.
Wh-questions in Colloquial Singapore English: Adaptive traits from vernacular Malay and typological congruence.
Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages, 28(2):299–322, 2013. [1][2][3]
[Sau08] Uli Sauerland.
Implicated Presuppositions.
In Anita Steube, editor, Sentence and Context.
Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, 2008. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[SA20] Uli Sauerland, Artemis Alexiadou.
Generative grammar: a meaning first approach.
Frontiers in Psychology, 11:571295, 2020. [1]
[SAY05] Uli Sauerland, Jan Anderssen, Kazuko Yatsushiro.
The plural is semantically unmarked.
In Stephan Kepser, Marga Reis, editors, Linguistic Evidence: Empirical, Theoretical, and Computational Perspectives, pages 413–434.
Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, 2005.
doi:10.1515/9783110197549.413. [1]
[SS07] Uli Sauerland, Penka Stateva.
Scalar vs.\ Epistemic Vagueness: Evidence from Approximators.
In Proceedings of SALT 17, 228. Linguistic Society of America, 2007.
doi:10.3765/salt.v17i0.3091. [1]
[Sau18] Jennifer Saul.
Dogwhistles, political manipulation, and philosophy of language.
In Daniel W. Harris, Daniel Fogal, Matt Moss, editors, New work on speech acts, pages 360–382.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2018. [1][2]
[Sau19] Jennifer Saul.
`Immigration' in the Brexit campaign: Protean dogwhistles and political manipulation.
In Carl Fox, Joe Saunders, editors, Media ethics, free speech, and the requirements of democracy, pages 21–37.
Routledge, London, 2019.
[Sau24] Jennifer Mather Saul.
Dogwhistles and Figleaves.
Oxford University Press, 2024. [1][2]
[SO72] Paul Schachter, Fe T. Otanes.
Tagalog Reference Grammar.
University of California Press, Berkeley, 1972.
ISBN 978-0-520-01776-1.
Prepared under the auspices of the Philippine Center for Language Study. Original ISBN-10 0-520-01776-5; 9780520321205 is a later reissue ISBN-13. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]
[Sch08a] Florian Schäfer.
The Syntax of (Anti-)Causatives: External Arguments in Change-of-State Contexts.
Number 126 in Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today.
John Benjamins, 2008.
doi:10.1075/la.126. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[Sch11a] Tobias Scheer.
Aspects of the Development of Generative Phonology.
In Bert Botma, Nancy C. Kula, Kuniya Nasukawa, editors, The Continuum Companion to Phonology, pages 397–446.
Continuum, New York, 2011.
[SM23] Tatjana Scheffler, Sophia A. Malamud.
``Won't You?'' Reverse-Polarity Question Tags in American English as a Window Into the Semantics-Pragmatics Interface.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 46(6):1285–1327, 2023.
doi:10.1007/s10988-022-09375-w.
[Sch93] Barry Schein.
Plurals and Events.
Volume 23 of Current Studies in Linguistics.
MIT Press, 1993.
ISBN 9780262193344.
[Sch07] Philippe Schlenker.
Anti-Dynamics: Presupposition Projection Without Dynamic Semantics.
Journal of Logic, Language and Information, 16(3):325–356, 2007.
doi:10.1007/s10849-006-9034-x. [1]
[Sch08b] Philippe Schlenker.
Be Articulate: A Pragmatic Theory of Presupposition Projection.
Theoretical Linguistics, 34(3):157–212, 2008.
doi:10.1515/THLI.2008.013. [1]
[Sch08c] Philippe Schlenker.
Be Articulate: A Pragmatic Theory of Presupposition Projection.
Theoretical Linguistics, 34(3):157–212, 2008.
doi:10.1515/THLI.2008.013. [1][2]
[SLL26] Philippe Schlenker, Jason Lamberton, Jonathan Lamberton.
Traveling Shots in Language: Towards an Analysis of Dynamic Viewpoints in ASL.
Linguistic Inquiry, 2026.
To appear.
URL: https://lingbuzz.net/lingbuzz/008921. [1][2][3][4][5]
[SW23] Fabian Schlotterbeck, Hening Wang.
An incremental RSA model for adjective ordering preferences in referential visual context.
In Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics, volume 6, 121–132. 2023.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/2023.scil-1.10/. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Sch14] Katrin Schulz.
Fake Tense in Conditional Sentences: A Modal Approach.
Natural Language Semantics, 22(2):117–144, 2014.
doi:10.1007/s11050-013-9102-0. [1]
[SBH12] Bernhard Schwarz, Brian Buccola, Michael Hamilton.
Two types of class B numeral modifiers: A reply to Nouwen 2010.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 5(1):1–25, 2012.
doi:10.3765/sp.5.1. [1]
[Sch26] Luise Schwarzer.
The law and order of selection-violating coordination: German DP-CP-coordination is not sensitive to linear or temporal order.
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 11(1):1–19, 2026.
doi:10.16995/glossa.24893. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]
[Sch99] Roger Schwarzschild.
GIVENness, AvoidF and Other Constraints on the Placement of Accent.
Natural Language Semantics, 7(2):141–177, 1999.
doi:10.1023/a:1008370902407. [1][2]
[SDG17] Gregory Scontras, Judith Degen, Noah D. Goodman.
Subjectivity Predicts Adjective Ordering Preferences.
Open Mind: Discoveries in Cognitive Science, 1(1):53–66, 2017.
doi:10.1162/OPMI\_a\_00005. [1]
[SP21] Gregory Scontras, Lisa S. Pearl.
When Pragmatics Matters More for Truth-Value Judgments: An Investigation of Quantifier Scope Ambiguity.
Glossa, 6(1):110, 2021.
doi:10.16995/glossa.5724. [1][2][3][4][5]
[SR18] Heiko Seeliger, Sophie Repp.
Biased declarative questions in Swedish and German: Negation meets modal particles (väl and doch wohl).
In Christine Dimroth, Stefan Sudhoff, editors, The Grammatical Realization of Polarity Contrast: Theoretical, Empirical, and Typological Approaches, volume 249 of Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, pages 129–172.
John Benjamins, Amsterdam, 2018.
doi:10.1075/la.249.05see. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]
[Sel08] Elisabeth Selkirk.
Contrastive focus, givenness, and the unmarked status of "discourse-new".
Acta Linguistica Hungarica, 55(3-4):331–346, 2008.
doi:10.1556/aling.55.2008.3-4.8. [1]
[Sel80] Elisabeth O. Selkirk.
The Role of Prosodic Categories in English Word Stress.
Linguistic Inquiry, 11(3):563–605, 1980. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Sel82] Elisabeth O. Selkirk.
The Syllable.
In Harry van der Hulst, Norval Smith, editors, The Structure of Phonological Representations (Part II), pages 337–383.
Foris Publications, Dordrecht, 1982. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Sel95] Elisabeth O. Selkirk.
Sentence prosody: Intonation, stress, and phrasing.
In John A. Goldsmith, editor, The Handbook of Phonological Theory, pages 550–569.
Blackwell, Oxford, 1995. [1][2]
[Sel96] Elisabeth O. Selkirk.
The Prosodic Structure of Function Words.
In James L. Morgan, Katherine Demuth, editors, Signal to Syntax: Bootstrapping from Speech to Grammar in Early Acquisition, pages 187–214.
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ, 1996. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Sha11] Kimary Shahin.
Pharyngeals.
In Marc van Oostendorp, Colin J. Ewen, Elizabeth Hume, Keren Rice, editors, The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to Phonology, pages 604–627.
Wiley-Blackwell, New York, 2011.
doi:10.1002/9781444335262.wbctp0025.
[Sha01] Chung-chieh Shan.
Monads for Natural Language Semantics.
In Kristina Striegnitz, editor, Proceedings of the ESSLLI 2001 Student Session, 285–298. 2001. [1][2][3][4]
[SB06] Chung-chieh Shan, Chris Barker.
Explaining Crossover and Superiority as Left-to-Right Evaluation.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 29(1):91–134, 2006.
doi:10.1007/s10988-005-6580-7. [1][2]
[Sha24] Yael Sharvit.
Standard and non-standard theories of attitudes.
In Geraldine Baumann, Daniel Gutzmann, Jonas Koopman, Kristina Liefke, Agata Renans, Tatjana Scheffler, editors, Sinn und Bedeutung 28, 866–875. 2024.
doi:10.18148/sub/2024.v28.1165. [1]
[She93] George Y. Shevelov.
Ukrainian.
In Bernard Comrie, Greville G. Corbett, editors, The Slavonic Languages, Routledge Language Family Series, pages 947–998.
Routledge, London and New York, 1993. [1][2][3]
[SI14] Stephanie S. Shih, Sharon Inkelas.
Reframing the TBU in an ABC+Q approach to tone.
UC Berkeley Phonology Lab Annual Report, 2014.
[Shi06] Junko Shimoyama.
Indeterminate phrase quantification in Japanese.
Natural Language Semantics, 14(2):139–173, 2006.
doi:10.1007/s11050-006-0001-5. [1]
[Sho93a] David Short.
Czech.
In Bernard Comrie, Greville G. Corbett, editors, The Slavonic Languages, Routledge Language Family Series, pages 455–532.
Routledge, London and New York, 1993. [1][2][3]
[Sho93b] David Short.
Slovak.
In Bernard Comrie, Greville G. Corbett, editors, The Slavonic Languages, Routledge Language Family Series, pages 533–592.
Routledge, London and New York, 1993. [1][2]
[Sid79] Candace Lee Sidner.
Towards a Computational Theory of Definite Anaphora Comprehension in English Discourse.
Technical Report, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 1979. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Sie13a] Anna Siewierska.
Alignment of Verbal Person Marking.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/100. [1]
[Sie13b] Anna Siewierska.
Passive Constructions.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/107. [1]
[SH08] Halldór Ármann Sigurðsson, Anders Holmberg.
Icelandic dative intervention: Person and number are separate probes.
In Roberta D'Alessandro, Gunnar Hrafn Hrafnbjargarson, Susann Fischer, editors, Agreement restrictions.
Mouton de Gruyter, 2008. [1][2][3]
[SWS22] Halldór Ármann Sigurðsson, Jim Wood, Einar Freyr Sigurðsson.
Hvor `Each' Reciprocals and Distributives in Icelandic: E-raising + Short Main Verb Movement.
Linguistic Inquiry, 53(3):571–588, 2022.
doi:10.1162/ling_a_00411.
[SVDC21] Les Sikos, Noortje J. Venhuizen, Heiner Drenhaus, Matthew W. Crocker.
Reevaluating Pragmatic Reasoning in Language Games.
PLOS ONE, 16(3):e0248388, 2021.
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0248388. [1]
[Sil08] Tal Siloni.
The Syntax of Reciprocal Verbs: An Overview.
In Ekkehard König, Volker Gast, editors, Reciprocals and Reflexives: Theoretical and Typological Explorations, pages 451–498.
Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, 2008.
doi:10.1515/9783110199147.451. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Sil76] Michael Silverstein.
Hierarchy of Features and Ergativity.
In R. M. W. Dixon, editor, Grammatical Categories in Australian Languages, pages 112–171.
Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies, 1976.
doi:10.1515/9783110871661-008. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Sim75] Imre Simon.
Piecewise testable events.
In Helmut Brakhage, editor, Automata Theory and Formal Languages, volume 33 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 214–222. Berlin, 1975. Springer.
doi:10.1007/3-540-07407-4_23. [1]
[Sim05] Mandy Simons.
Dividing Things Up: The Semantics of Or and the Modal/Or Interaction.
Natural Language Semantics, 13(3):271–316, 2005.
doi:10.1007/s11050-004-2900-7. [1]
[STBR10] Mandy Simons, Judith Tonhauser, David Beaver, Craige Roberts.
What projects and why.
In Nan Li, David Lutz, editors, Proceedings of SALT 20, 309–327. 2010.
doi:10.3765/salt.v20i0.2584. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[SW02b] Andrew Simpson, Zoe Wu.
IP-raising, tone sandhi and the creation of S-final particles: Evidence for cyclic spell-out.
Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 11(1):67–99, 2002.
doi:10.1023/A:1013710111615.
[Sim06] Andrea Sims.
Minding the Gaps: Inflectional Defectiveness in a Paradigmatic Theory.
PhD thesis, Ohio State University, Columbus, 2006. [1][2]
[Sio20] Joanna Ut-Seong Sio.
The dual identity of the post-verbal \itshape can1 in Cantonese: A non-specific resultative particle and a free choice item.
Studies in Chinese Linguistics, 41(2):139–159, 2020.
doi:10.2478/scl-2020-0005. [1]
[SB25] Joanna Ut-Seong Sio, Francis Bond.
Inner and outer aspect in Cantonese.
2025.
Paper presented at the 32nd International Conference on Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG), University of Lisbon, 2–3 September 2025.
[SBH09] Steven A. Sloman, Aron K. Barbey, Jared M. Hotaling.
A Causal Model Theory of the Meaning of Cause, Enable, and Prevent.
Cognitive Science, 33(1):21–50, 2009.
doi:10.1111/j.1551-6709.2008.01002.x. [1][2][3]
[SD14] Hans Smessaert, Lorenz Demey.
Logical Geometries and Information in the Square of Oppositions.
Journal of Logic, Language and Information, 23(4):527–565, 2014.
doi:10.1007/s10849-014-9207-y. [1]
[SL13] Nathaniel J. Smith, Roger Levy.
The effect of word predictability on reading time is logarithmic.
Cognition, 128(3):302–319, 2013.
doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2013.02.013. [1]
[Smi21] Peter W. Smith.
Morphology–Semantics Mismatches and the Nature of Grammatical Features.
Volume 35 of Interface Explorations.
De Gruyter Mouton, Boston/Berlin, 2021.
ISBN 9781501517198.
doi:10.1515/9781501511127. [1][2][3][4][5]
[SS74] Thomas Cedric Smith-Stark.
The Plurality Split.
In Proceedings of CLS 10, 657–671. 1974. [1][2]
[SG16] Paul Smolensky, Matthew Goldrick.
Gradient Symbolic Representations in Grammar: The Case of French Liaison.
Manuscript, Johns Hopkins University and Northwestern University. Rutgers Optimality Archive 1286, 2016. [1]
[Sni90] Keith L. Snider.
Tonal upstep in Krachi: evidence for a register tier.
Language, 66(3):453–474, 1990.
doi:10.2307/414608.
[Sni99] Keith L. Snider.
The Geometry and Features of Tone.
1st edition.
SIL International and University of Texas at Arlington, Dallas, TX, 1999. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Sni20] Keith L. Snider.
The Geometry and Features of Tone.
2nd edition.
SIL International, Dallas, TX, 2020. [1]
[Sol15] S. Solt.
Q-adjectives and the semantics of quantity.
Journal of Semantics, 32(2):221–273, 2015.
doi:10.1093/jos/fft018. [1]
[Sol18a] Stephanie Solt.
Multidimensionality, Subjectivity and Scales: Experimental Evidence.
In Elena Castroviejo, Louise McNally, Galit Weidman Sassoon, editors, The Semantics of Gradability, Vagueness, and Scale Structure, pages 59–91.
Springer, 2018.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-77791-7_3. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Sol18b] Stephanie Solt.
Proportional Comparatives and Relative Scales.
In Robert Truswell, Chris Cummins, Caroline Heycock, Brian Rabern, Hannah Rohde, editors, Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 21, 1123–1140. 2018. [1][2][3]
[Son13a] Jae Jung Song.
Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/111. [1]
[Son13b] Jae Jung Song.
Periphrastic Causative Constructions.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/110. [1]
[ST03] Peggy Speas, Carol L. Tenny.
Configurational properties of point of view roles.
In A. M. Di Sciullo, editor, Asymmetry in Grammar, pages 315–344.
John Benjamins, 2003.
doi:10.1075/la.57.15spe. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Spe06] Benjamin Spector.
Aspects de la pragmatique des opérateurs logiques.
PhD thesis, Université Paris VII, 2006. [1][2][3]
[SE15] Benjamin Spector, Paul Egré.
A uniform semantics for embedded interrogatives: An answer, not necessarily the answer.
Synthese, 192(6):1729–1784, 2015.
doi:10.1007/s11229-015-0722-4. [1]
[SS17] Benjamin Spector, Yasutada Sudo.
Presupposed Ignorance and Exhaustification: How Scalar Implicatures and Presuppositions Interact.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 40:473–517, 2017.
doi:10.1007/s10988-017-9208-9. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[SCH+10] Dan Sperber, Fabrice Clément, Christophe Heintz, Olivier Mascaro, Hugo Mercier, Gloria Origgi, Deirdre Wilson.
Epistemic vigilance.
Mind & Language, 25(4):359–393, 2010.
doi:10.1111/j.1468-0017.2010.01394.x. [1][2][3]
[SPAPC25] Cesare Spinoso-Di Piano, David Eric Austin, Pablo Piantanida, Jackie Chi Kit Cheung.
(RSA)²: A Rhetorical-Strategy-Aware Rational Speech Act Framework for Figurative Language Understanding.
In Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 20898–20938. 2025.
doi:10.18653/v1/2025.acl-long.1019. [1][2]
[Spo05] Dominique Sportiche.
Division of labor between merge and move: Strict locality of selection and apparent reconstruction paradoxes.
In Proceedings of the Workshop Divisions of Linguistic Labor: The La Bretesche Workshop. 2005.
[SWP12] Jon Sprouse, Matthew Wagers, Colin Phillips.
A test of the relation between working-memory capacity and syntactic island effects.
Language, 82:82–123, 2012.
doi:10.1353/lan.2012.0004. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Sri92] Veneeta Srivastav.
Two Types of Universal Terms in Questions.
In Proceedings of the 22nd Meeting of the North East Linguistic Society (NELS), volume 22, 443–457. 1992.
URL: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/nels/vol22/iss1/30.
[SM98] Marek Stachowski, Astrid Menz.
Yakut.
In Lars Johanson, Éva Á. Csató, editors, The Turkic Languages, pages 417–433.
Routledge, 1998. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Sta74] Robert C. Stalnaker.
Pragmatic Presuppositions.
In Milton K. Munitz, Peter K. Unger, editors, Semantics and Philosophy, pages 197–214.
New York University Press, 1974.
doi:10.1093/0198237073.003.0003. [1][2][3][4]
[Sta81] Robert C. Stalnaker.
A Defense of Conditional Excluded Middle.
In William L. Harper, Robert Stalnaker, Glenn A. Pearce, editors, Ifs: Conditionals, Belief, Decision, Chance, and Time, pages 87–104.
Springer, 1981.
doi:10.1007/978-94-009-9117-0_4. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[Sta23] Anna Staňková.
The Expression of Speaker's Bias in Czech Polar Questions.
MA thesis, Charles University, Prague, 2023. [1][2][3]
[Sta13a] Leon Stassen.
Chapters in The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Ste95] Donca Steriade.
Underspecification and Markedness.
In John A. Goldsmith, editor, The Handbook of Phonological Theory.
Blackwell, Cambridge, MA, 1995. [1]
[Ste97] Donca Steriade.
Lexical Conservatism.
In Linguistics in the Morning Calm: Selected Papers from SICOL 1997, pages 157–179.
Hanshin, Seoul, 1997. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Ste00b] Donca Steriade.
Paradigm Uniformity and the Phonetics–Phonology Boundary.
In Michael B. Broe, Janet B. Pierrehumbert, editors, Papers in Laboratory Phonology V: Acquisition and the Lexicon, pages 313–334.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. [1][2]
[Sto24] Una Stojnić.
Metasemantics, context, and felicitous underspecification.
Philosophical Studies, 181(11):3191–3201, 2024.
[SSL17] Una Stojnić, Matthew Stone, Ernie Lepore.
Discourse and logical form: Pronouns, attention and coherence.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 40(5):519–547, 2017.
[Sto95] Andreas Stolcke.
An Efficient Probabilistic Context-Free Parsing Algorithm that Computes Prefix Probabilities.
Computational Linguistics, 21(2):165–201, 1995.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/J95-2002/. [1][2]
[SV13] Thomas Stolz, Ljuba Veselinova.
Ordinal Numerals.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/53. [1][2]
[Sto93a] Gerald Stone.
Cassubian.
In Bernard Comrie, Greville G. Corbett, editors, The Slavonic Languages, Routledge Language Family Series, pages 759–794.
Routledge, London and New York, 1993. [1][2][3]
[Sto93b] Gerald Stone.
Sorbian (Upper and Lower).
In Bernard Comrie, Greville G. Corbett, editors, The Slavonic Languages, Routledge Language Family Series, pages 593–685.
Routledge, London and New York, 1993. [1][2]
[Sto25] John David Storment.
Projecting (Your) Voice: A Theory of Inversion and Defective Circumvention.
PhD dissertation, Stony Brook University, 2025. [1][2]
[SM81] Chester S. Street, G. P. Mollinjin.
The Phonology of Murinbata.
In Bruce Waters, editor, Australian Phonologies: Collected Papers, pages 183–244.
Summer Institute of Linguistics, Australian Aborigines Branch, Darwin, 1981. [1][2][3]
[Str98] Michael Strube.
Never Look Back: An Alternative to Centering.
In COLING-ACL '98: 36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 1251–1257. 1998.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/P98-2204/. [1][2]
[SH99] Michael Strube, Udo Hahn.
Functional Centering: Grounding Referential Coherence in Information Structure.
Computational Linguistics, 25(3):309–344, 1999.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/J99-3001/. [1][2]
[Stu01] Gregory T. Stump.
Inflectional Morphology: A Theory of Paradigm Structure.
Volume 93.
Cambridge University Press, 2001. [1][2][3][4]
[Sud13] Yasutada Sudo.
Biased polar questions in English and Japanese.
In Daniel Gutzmann, Hans-Martin Gärtner, editors, Beyond Expressives: Explorations in Use-conditional Meaning, pages 275–296.
Brill, Leiden, 2013.
doi:10.1163/9789004183988_009. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[SHGH24] Theodore R. Sumers, Mark K. Ho, Thomas L. Griffiths, Robert D. Hawkins.
Reconciling Truthfulness and Relevance as Epistemic and Decision-Theoretic Utility.
Psychological Review, 131(1):194, 2024.
doi:10.1037/rev0000437. [1][2]
[STY08] Kari Suomi, Juhani Toivanen, Riikka Ylitalo.
Finnish sound structure: phonetics, phonology, phonotactics and prosody.
Oulu University Press, Oulu, 2008. [1]
[SF21] Peter R. Sutton, Hana Filip.
The Count/Mass Distinction for Granular Nouns.
In Hana Filip, editor, Countability in Natural Language, pages 252–291.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2021.
doi:10.1017/9781316823774.011. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Sve10] Peter Svenonius.
Spatial P in English.
In Guglielmo Cinque, Luigi Rizzi, editors, Mapping Spatial PPs: The Cartography of Syntactic Structures, volume 6.
Oxford University Press, New York, 2010.
doi:10.1093/oso/9780195393675.003.0007. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Sy05] Mariame Sy.
Ultra long-distance ATR agreement in Wolof.
In Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (Special session on languages of West Africa), volume 31, 95–106. 2005.
doi:10.3765/bls.v31i2.824. [1][2]
[Syb17] Rint Sybesma.
Aspect, inner.
In Rint Sybesma, Wolfgang Behr, Yueguo Gu, Zev Handel, Cheng-Teh James Huang, James Myers, editors, Encyclopedia of Chinese language and linguistics, volume 1, pages 186–193.
Brill, Leiden, 2017. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[SGKYQ15] John Sylak-Glassman, Christo Kirov, David Yarowsky, Roger Que.
A Language-Independent Feature Schema for Inflectional Morphology.
In Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 2: Short Papers), 674–680. 2015.
doi:10.3115/v1/P15-2111. [1]
[Sza97] Anna Szabolcsi.
Quantifiers in Pair-List Readings.
In Anna Szabolcsi, editor, Ways of Scope Taking, Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy, pages 311–347.
Kluwer, 1997.
doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5814-5_9.
[Sza09] Anna Szabolcsi.
Overt Nominative Subjects in Infinitival Complements Cross-Linguistically: Data, Diagnostics, and Preliminary Analyses.
NYU Working Papers in Linguistics, 2009. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Szy16] Jakub Szymanik.
Quantifiers and Cognition: Logical and Computational Perspectives.
Volume 96 of Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy.
Springer, Cham, 2016.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28749-2.
[Tah21] Chloé Tahar.
Craindre (fear) and expletive negation in diachrony.
In Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 2018, Current Issues in Linguistic Theory, pages 287–302.
John Benjamins, 2021.
doi:10.1075/cilt.357.15tah. [1]
[Tel14] Jos Tellings.
Only and focus in Imbabura Quichua.
In Proceedings of the 40th Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, volume 40, 523–544. 2014. [1][2]
[TG01] Joshua B. Tenenbaum, Thomas L. Griffiths.
Generalization, similarity, and Bayesian inference.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24(4):629–640, 2001.
doi:10.1017/s0140525x01000061.
[Ten92] Carol Tenny.
The aspectual interface hypothesis.
In Ivan A. Sag, Anna Szabolcsi, editors, Lexical Matters.
CSLI, 1992. [1]
[Ten94] Carol L. Tenny.
Aspectual Roles and the Syntax-Semantics Interface.
Volume 52 of Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy.
Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1994. [1][2][3][4][5]
[TCR13] Katya Tentori, Vincenzo Crupi, Selena Russo.
On the determinants of the conjunction fallacy: Probability versus inductive confirmation.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 142(1):235–255, 2013.
doi:10.1037/a0028770.
[TG22] Michael Henry Tessler, Noah D. Goodman.
Warm (for Winter): Inferring Comparison Classes in Communication.
Cognitive Science, 46(3):e13095, 2022.
doi:10.1111/cogs.13095. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[TTG22] Michael Henry Tessler, Joshua B. Tenenbaum, Noah D. Goodman.
Logic, Probability, and Pragmatics in Syllogistic Reasoning.
Topics in Cognitive Science, 14:574–601, 2022.
doi:10.1111/tops.12593. [1][2]
[TRA19] Nadine Theiler, Floris Roelofsen, Maria Aloni.
Picky predicates: Why believe doesn't like interrogative complements, and other puzzles.
Natural Language Semantics, 27(2):95–134, 2019.
doi:10.1007/s11050-019-09152-9.
[Thu06] Axel Thue.
Über unendliche Zeichenreihen.
Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter, I. Mathematisk-Naturvidenskabelig Klasse, 1906. [1]
[Thu66] William R. Thurston.
Amara: an Austronesian language of northwestern New Britain.
In Malcolm D. Ross, editor, Studies in languages of New Britain and New Ireland, number C-135 in Pacific Linguistics, pages 197–248.
Australian National University, Canberra, 1966. [1]
[TRZC16] Lyn Tieu, Jacopo Romoli, Peng Zhou, Stephen Crain.
Children's knowledge of free choice inferences and scalar implicatures.
Journal of Semantics, 33(2):269–298, 2016.
doi:10.1093/jos/ffv001. [1]
[Tim93] Alan Timberlake.
Russian.
In Bernard Comrie, Greville G. Corbett, editors, The Slavonic Languages, Routledge Language Family Series, pages 827–886.
Routledge, London and New York, 1993. [1][2][3][4]
[TPH19] Simon Todd, Janet B. Pierrehumbert, Jennifer Hay.
Word frequency effects in sound change as a consequence of perceptual asymmetries: An exemplar-based model.
Cognition, 185:1–20, 2019.
doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2019.01.004.
[TM16] Judith Tonhauser, Lisa Matthewson.
Empirical evidence in research on meaning.
Unpublished manuscript, The Ohio State University and University of British Columbia, 2016.
[Tra10a] Elizabeth Closs Traugott.
(Inter)subjectivity and (Inter)subjectification: A Reassessment.
In Kristin Davidse, Lieven Vandelanotte, Hubert Cuyckens, editors, Subjectification, Intersubjectification and Grammaticalization, number 66 in Topics in English Linguistics, pages 29–71.
De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin, 2010.
doi:10.1515/9783110226102.29. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Tso23] Katia Tsompanidou.
Gaps and Overabundance in Modern Greek.
Paper presented at the 56th annual meeting of the Societas Linguistica Europaea, Athens, 29 August–1 September 2023, 2023.
[Tsu14] Natsuko Tsujimura.
An Introduction to Japanese Linguistics.
Third edition.
Number 10 in Blackwell Textbooks in Linguistics.
Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, 2014.
ISBN 978-1-4443-3773-0. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]
[TMS+26] Polina Tsvilodub, Karl Mulligan, Todd Snider, Robert D. Hawkins, Michael Franke.
Act or Clarify? Modeling Sensitivity to Uncertainty and Cost in Communication.
2026.
arXiv:2602.02843.
URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.02843. [1][2][3][4]
[TK83] Amos Tversky, Daniel Kahneman.
Extensional Versus Intuitive Reasoning: The Conjunction Fallacy in Probability Judgment.
Psychological Review, 90(4):293–315, 1983.
doi:10.1037/0033-295X.90.4.293. [1][2][3][4]
[TE03] Andrea Tyler, Vyvyan Evans.
The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition.
Cambridge University Press, 2003.
doi:10.1017/CBO9780511486517. [1]
[TP24] Christos Tzitzilis, Georgios Papanastasiou.
Koine, Koines and the Koineization of Modern Greek.
Institute of Modern Greek Studies, Manolis Triandaphyllidis Foundation, Thessaloniki, 2024.
[UMR21] Hiroto Uchihara, Juana Mendoza Ruiz.
Minimality, Maximality and Perfect Prosodic Word in Alcozauca Mixtec.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 40:599–649, 2021.
doi:10.1007/s11049-021-09517-y. [1][2][3][4][5]
[Ueg19] Wataru Uegaki.
The Semantics of Question-Embedding Predicates.
Language and Linguistics Compass, 13(1):e12308, 2019.
doi:10.1111/lnc3.12308.
[UR18] Wataru Uegaki, Floris Roelofsen.
Do modals take propositions or sets of propositions? Evidence from Japanese daroo.
In Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory 28, 809–829. 2018. [1]
[Ura94] Hiroyuki Ura.
Varieties of raising and the feature-based bare phrase structure theory.
In MIT Occasional Papers in Linguistics, volume 7.
MITWPL, Cambridge, MA, 1994. [1]
[Uye71] Tazuko Uyeno.
A Study of Japanese Modality: A Performative Analysis of Sentence Particles.
PhD thesis, University of Michigan, 1971. [1][2]
[Vaa07] Jouko Väänänen.
Dependence Logic: A New Approach to Independence Friendly Logic.
Volume 70 of London Mathematical Society Student Texts.
Cambridge University Press, 2007.
doi:10.1017/CBO9780511611193.011. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Vaa08] Jouko Väänänen.
Modal Dependence Logic.
In Krzysztof R. Apt, Robert van Rooij, editors, New Perspectives on Games and Interaction, volume 4 of Texts in Logic and Games, pages 237–254.
Amsterdam University Press, 2008. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]
[VV98] Enric Vallduví, Maria Vilkuna.
On rheme and kontrast.
In Peter Culicover, Louise McNally, editors, The Limits of Syntax, volume 29 of Syntax and Semantics, pages 79–106.
Academic Press, New York, 1998. [1][2]
[vB86] Johan van Benthem.
Essays in Logical Semantics.
Volume 29 of Studies in Linguistics and Philosophy.
D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, 1986.
doi:10.1007/978-94-009-4540-1. [1][2][3][4]
[vdB96] Martin H. van den Berg.
Some Aspects of the Internal Structure of Discourse: the Dynamics of Nominal Anaphora.
PhD thesis, University of Amsterdam, 1996.
ILLC Dissertation Series DS-1996-03.
URL: https://eprints.illc.uva.nl/id/eprint/1996/. [1][2]
[vdAA13] Johan van der Auwera, Andreas Ammann.
Chapters in The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/. [1][2][3]
[vdAL13] Johan van der Auwera, Ludo Lejeune.
The Morphological Imperative.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/70.
[vF69] Bas C. van Fraassen.
Facts and tautological entailments.
Journal of Philosophy, 66(15):477–487, 1969. [1][2]
[vR98] Henk van Riemsdijk.
Categorial Feature Magnetism: The Endocentricity and Distribution of Projections.
The Journal of Comparative Germanic Linguistics, 2(1):1–48, 1998.
doi:10.1023/A:1009763305416.
[vR11] Robert van Rooij.
Implicit versus Explicit Comparatives.
In Paul Égré, Nathan Klinedinst, editors, Vagueness and Language Use, Palgrave Studies in Pragmatics, Language and Cognition.
Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2011.
doi:10.1057/9780230299313_3. [1]
[vRS04] Robert van Rooij, Katrin Schulz.
Exhaustive interpretation of complex sentences.
Journal of Logic, Language and Information, 13(4):491–519, 2004.
doi:10.1007/s10849-004-2118-6. [1][2][3]
[vR03b] Robert van Rooy.
Negative Polarity Items in Questions: Strength as Relevance.
Journal of Semantics, 20(3):239–273, 2003.
doi:10.1093/jos/20.3.239. [1][2][3]
[vSL21] Marten van Schijndel, Tal Linzen.
Single-stage prediction models do not explain the magnitude of syntactic disambiguation difficulty.
Cognitive Science, 45(6):e12988, 2021.
doi:10.1111/cogs.12988. [1][2]
[vTFS21] Bob van Tiel, Michael Franke, Uli Sauerland.
Probabilistic Pragmatics Explains Gradience and Focality in Natural Language Quantification.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(9):e2005453118, 2021.
doi:10.1073/pnas.2005453118. [1][2][3][4]
[VU18] Coppe Van Urk.
Pronoun Copying in Dinka Bor and the Copy Theory of Movement.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 36(2):631–677, 2018.
doi:10.1007/s11049-017-9380-3. [1]
[vUR15] Coppe van Urk, Norvin Richards.
Two components of long-distance extraction: Successive cyclicity in Dinka.
Linguistic Inquiry, 46(1):113–155, 2015.
doi:10.1162/LING_a_00177.
[VK13] Jozina Vander Klok.
Pure Possibility and Pure Necessity Modals in Paciran Javanese.
Oceanic Linguistics, 52(2):341–374, 2013.
doi:10.1353/ol.2013.0017. [1]
[VA11] Juan Jesús Vázquez Álvarez.
A Grammar of Chol, a Mayan Language.
PhD thesis, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 2011.
Committee: Nora C. England (supervisor), Roberto Zavala (co-supervisor), Patience L. Epps, Anthony C. Woodbury, David S. Stuart. Available via Texas ScholarWorks (handle TBD). [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]
[Ves13] Ljuba N. Veselinova.
Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect.
In Matthew S. Dryer, Martin Haspelmath, editors, The World Atlas of Language Structures Online.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 2013.
URL: https://wals.info/chapter/79. [1]
[VSW94] K. Vijay-Shanker, David J. Weir.
The Equivalence of Four Extensions of Context-Free Grammars.
Mathematical Systems Theory, 27(6):511–546, 1994.
doi:10.1007/BF01191624. [1][2][3]
[VJ02] Carl Vikner, Per Anker Jensen.
A Semantic Analysis of the English Genitive: Interaction of Lexical and Formal Semantics.
Studia Linguistica, 56(2):191–226, 2002.
doi:10.1111/1467-9582.00092. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Vil09] Xavier Villalba.
Definite adjective nominalizations in Spanish.
In M. Teresa Espinal, Manuel Leonetti, Louise McNally, editors, Proceedings of the IV Nereus International Workshop "Definiteness and DP Structure in Romance Languages", number 124 in Arbeitspapier, 139–153. Fachbereich Sprachwissenschaft, Universität Konstanz, 2009. [1]
[vF99b] Kai von Fintel.
The presupposition of subjunctive conditionals.
In Uli Sauerland, Orin Percus, editors, The Interpretive Tract, number 25 in MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, pages 29–44.
MITWPL, Cambridge, MA, 1999.
[vF00] Kai von Fintel.
Counterfactuals in a dynamic context.
In Michael Kenstowicz, editor, Ken Hale: A life in language, pages 123–152.
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2000. [1][2]
[vF12] Kai von Fintel.
The best we can (expect to) get? Challenges to the classic semantics for deontic modals.
Paper presented at the Central APA, February 17, 2012, 2012.
URL: http://mit.edu/fintel/fintel-2012-apa-ought.pdf. [1]
[vFFI14] Kai von Fintel, Danny Fox, Sabine Iatridou.
Definiteness as Maximal Informativeness.
In Luka Crnič, Uli Sauerland, editors, The Art and Craft of Semantics: A Festschrift for Irene Heim.
MITWPL, 2014. [1][2]
[vFI17] Kai von Fintel, Sabine Iatridou.
A Modest Proposal for the Meaning of Imperatives.
In Ana Arregui, María Luisa Rivero, Andrés Salanova, editors, Modality across Syntactic Categories.
Oxford University Press, New York, NY, 2017.
doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198718208.003.0013.
[vFI19] Kai von Fintel, Sabine Iatridou.
Since since.
In Daniel Altshuler, Jessica Rett, editors, The Semantics of Plurals, Focus, Degrees, and Times, pages 305–333.
Springer, 2019.
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-04438-1_15. [1][2]
[vS96] Arnim von Stechow.
The different readings of \itshape wieder `again': A structural account.
Journal of Semantics, 13(2):87–138, 1996.
doi:10.1093/jos/13.2.87. [1][2][3][4][5]
[vSKP05] Arnim von Stechow, Sveta Krasikova, Doris Penka.
Anankastic conditionals.
2005.
Handout, University of Tübingen, May 4, 2005.
[vSKP06] Arnim von Stechow, Sveta Krasikova, Doris Penka.
Anankastic conditionals again.
In Torgrim Solstad, Atle Grønn, Dag Haug, editors, A Festschrift for Kjell Johan Sæbø: In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the celebration of his 50th birthday, pages 151–171.
Forfatterne, Oslo, 2006.
[vW63] Georg Henrik von Wright.
Norm and Action.
Routledge, London, 1963.
[VL20] Mai Ha Vu, Karoliina Lohiniva.
In situ wh-hell: The view from Hungarian.
In NELS 49: Proceedings of the Forty-Ninth Annual Meeting of the North East Linguistic Society, 275–284. 2020. [1]
[Waa13] Christine Waag.
The Tone System of Baka.
PhD thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. [1]
[Wad20] Terence Wade.
A Comprehensive Russian Grammar.
Fourth edition.
Blackwell Reference Grammars.
Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, NJ, 2020.
ISBN 9781119520283.
Revised and updated by David Gillespie. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
[Wag21] Marcin Wągiel.
Subatomic Quantification.
Language Science Press, 2021. [1][2][3]
[WCLD23] Brandon Waldon, Cleo Condoravdi, Beth Levin, Judith Degen.
On the Context Dependence of Artifact Noun Interpretation.
In Maria Onoeva, Anna Staňková, Radek Šimík, editors, Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 27, 674–692. Praha, 2023. Charles University. [1][2][3][4]
[Wal96] Marilyn A. Walker.
Inferring acceptance and rejection in dialog by default rules of inference.
Language and Speech, 39(2-3):265–304, 1996.
doi:10.1177/002383099603900306. [1][2][3]
[Wal16] Rachel Walker.
Surface correspondence and discrete harmony triggers.
In Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Meeting on Phonology. 2016.
doi:10.3765/amp.v2i0.3744.
[WR15] Rachel Walker, Sharon Rose.
Guttural Semi-Transparency.
Handout, Annual Meeting on Phonology (AMP) 2015, 2015.
October 10, 2015. Unpublished. [1][2][3][4]
[Wan25b] Yaxuan Wang.
Revisit de re Presuppositions.
In Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America, volume 10, 5915. 2025.
doi:10.3765/plsa.v10i1.5915. [1]
[Wat84] Laurel J. Watkins.
A Grammar of Kiowa.
University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, 1984. [1][2][3][4]
[WZ00] Stephen Wechsler, Larisa Zlatić.
A Theory of Agreement and Its Application to Serbo-Croatian.
Language, 76(4):799–832, 2000.
doi:10.2307/417200. [1][2][3]
[WF22] Jad Wehbe, Enrico Flor.
Focus-sensitivity and homogeneity in attitude predicates.
In Proceedings of NELS 52. GLSA, 2022.
[WS24] Merle Weicker, Petra Schulz.
Children and Adults Privilege Linguistic over Visual Information when Creating Comparison Classes for Prenominal Gradable Adjectives.
Glossa, 2024.
doi:10.16995/glossa.9912.
[WJ88] David J. Weir, Aravind K. Joshi.
Combinatory Categorial Grammars: Generative Power and Relationship to Linear Context-Free Rewriting Systems.
In Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 278–285. Buffalo, New York, 1988.
URL: https://aclanthology.org/P88-1034/. [1][2][3]
[WZ87] Candace West, Don H. Zimmerman.
Doing Gender.
Gender and Society, 1(2):125–151, 1987. [1][2]
[WKM15] Hans Westerbeek, Ruud Koolen, Alfons Maes.
Stored Object Knowledge and the Production of Referring Expressions: The Case of Color Typicality.
Frontiers in Psychology, 6:935, 2015.
doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00935. [1][2][3]
[Whi21] Aaron Steven White.
On believing and hoping whether.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 2021. [1]
[WBHH09] Anna-Lena Wiklund, Kristine Bentzen, \THorbjörg Hróarsdóttir, Gunnar Hrafn Hrafnbjargarson.
On the distribution and illocution of V2 in Scandinavian that-clauses.
Lingua, 2009. [1]
[WG23] Jana Willer-Gold.
Locus and timing of gender resolution: Probes, goals and predictions.
Glossa: a journal of general linguistics, 8(1):1–45, 2023.
doi:10.16995/glossa.8939. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Wil03b] Colin Wilson.
Analyzing Unbounded Spreading with Constraints: Marks, Targets, and Derivations.
Unpublished manuscript, University of California Los Angeles, 2003. [1][2][3][4]
[Wil06] Colin Wilson.
Unbounded Spreading is Myopic.
Talk presented at the Workshop on Current Perspectives on Phonology, Phonology Fest, Indiana University, 2006. [1][2][3]
[Wil14] Martina Wiltschko.
The Universal Structure of Categories: Towards a Formal Typology.
Number 142 in Cambridge Studies in Linguistics.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; New York, 2014.
ISBN 9781107038516. [1][2][3][4]
[WAHG25] Elodie Winckel, Anne Abeillé, Barbara Hemforth, Edward Gibson.
Discourse-based constraints on long-distance dependencies generalize across constructions in English and French.
Cognition, 254:105950, 2025.
doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105950. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Win97] Yoad Winter.
Choice Functions and the Scopal Semantics of Indefinites.
In Linguistics and Philosophy, volume 20, pages 399–467.
1997.
doi:10.1023/A:1005354323136. [1][2]
[Win01] Yoad Winter.
Plural Predication and the Strongest Meaning Hypothesis.
Journal of Semantics, 18(4):333–365, 2001.
doi:10.1093/jos/18.4.333. [1]
[Win05] Yoad Winter.
Cross-categorial restrictions on measure phrase modification.
Linguistics and Philosophy, 28(2):233–267, 2005.
doi:10.1007/s10988-004-1469-4. [1]
[Wit23] Kim Witten.
The definition and typological model of a dogwhistle.
Manuscrito, 2023.
Article 2023-0052.
[Wol07] Matthew Wolf.
For an autosegmental theory of mutation.
University of Massachusetts Occasional Papers in Linguistics, 32:315–404, 2007. [1][2][3][4]
[Wol08] Matthew Adam Wolf.
Optimal Interleaving: Serial Phonology-Morphology Interaction in a Constraint-Based Model.
PhD thesis, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 2008.
[WH17] Jeremy M. Wolfe, Todd S. Horowitz.
Five factors that guide attention in visual search.
Nature Human Behaviour, 1(3):0058, 2017.
doi:10.1038/s41562-017-0058. [1][2][3]
[Won18] Shing-Kit Wong.
Yueyu ciwei ``ding'' de yufa tedian [Linguistic properties of suffix \itshape ding in Cantonese].
Zhongguo Yuwen Tongxun [Current Research in Chinese Linguistics], 97(1):41–56, 2018. [1]
[Wri76] Crispin Wright.
Language-Mastery and the Sorites Paradox.
In Gareth Evans, John McDowell, editors, Truth and Meaning.
Oxford University Press, 1976.
doi:10.7551/mitpress/7064.003.0012.
[WCOD19] Shijie Wu, Ryan Cotterell, Timothy O'Donnell.
Morphological Irregularity Correlates with Frequency.
In Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 5117–5126. 2019.
doi:10.18653/v1/P19-1505.
[WL23] Susanne Wurmbrand, Magdalena Lohninger.
An implicational universal in complementation—theoretical insights and empirical progress.
In Jutta Hartmann, Angelika Wöllstein, editors, Propositional arguments in cross-linguistic research: Theoretical and empirical issues, pages 183–229.
Narr Francke Attempto, Tübingen, 2023.
doi:10.24053/9783823394105. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[WS17] Susi Wurmbrand, Koji Shimamura.
The features of the voice domain: Actives, passives, and restructuring.
In Roberta D'Alessandro, Irene Franco, Ángel J. Gallego, editors, The verbal domain, pages 179–204.
Oxford University Press, 2017. [1]
[Xu12] Ting Xu.
\itshape You again: How is its ambiguity derived?
In Maria Aloni, Vadim Kimmelman, Floris Roelofsen, Galit Sassoon, Katrin Schulz, Matthijs Westera, editors, Logic, language and meaning: 18th Amsterdam Colloquium, revised selected papers, pages 470–479.
Springer, Berlin, 2012.
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-31482-7_48.
[YZXW+25] Lance Ying, Tan Zhi-Xuan, Lionel Wong, Vikash Mansinghka, Joshua B. Tenenbaum.
Understanding Epistemic Language with a Language-Augmented Bayesian Theory of Mind.
Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 13:613–637, 2025.
doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00752. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]
[Yip80] Moira Yip.
The Tonal Phonology of Chinese.
PhD thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1980. [1][2][3]
[Yip88] Moira Yip.
Template morphology and the direction of association.
Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 6(4):551–577, 1988.
doi:10.1007/BF00134491.
[YMJ87] Moira Yip, Joan Maling, Ray Jackendoff.
Case in Tiers.
Language, 63(2):217–250, 1987. [1][2][3]
[Yli24] Juha Yliniemi.
Iconicity of grammatical tonal polarity and reduplication in Nigerian Pidgin.
Journal of Linguistics, 61(3):1–26, 2024.
doi:10.1017/S0022226724000276.
[YC26] Tatevik Yolyan, Jesse Comer.
Phonological processes as modal transductions.
In Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics (SCiL) 2026, 549–559. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2026. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Zab05] Youri Zabbal.
The Syntax of Numeral Expressions.
PhD thesis, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 2005. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[ZMT85] Annie Zaenen, Joan Maling, Höskuldur Thráinsson.
Case and Grammatical Functions: The Icelandic Passive.
Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 3(4):441–483, 1985. [1][2][3][4]
[Zam95] Roberto Zamparelli.
Layers in the Determiner Phrase.
PhD thesis, University of Rochester, 1995. [1][2]
[ZCS26] Eleonora Zani, Ivano Ciardelli, Emanuela Sanfelici.
Simplification of disjunctive antecedents: Insights from acquisition.
Semantics and Pragmatics, 2026.
doi:10.3765/sp.19.3. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[ZHL21] Noga Zaslavsky, Jennifer Hu, Roger P. Levy.
A Rate–Distortion View of Human Pragmatic Reasoning?
In Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics, 347–348. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021.
URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.06641. [1][2][3][4][5]
[ZKRT18] Noga Zaslavsky, Charles Kemp, Terry Regier, Naftali Tishby.
Efficient compression in color naming and its evolution.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(31):7937–7942, 2018.
doi:10.1073/pnas.1800521115. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[ZM17] Roberto Zavala Maldonado.
Alignment patterns.
In Judith Aissen, Nora C. England, Roberto Zavala Maldonado, editors, The Mayan Languages, Routledge Language Family Series, pages 226–258.
Routledge, New York, 2017. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
[Zee92] Henk Zeevat.
Presupposition and Accommodation in Update Semantics.
Journal of Semantics, 9(4):379–412, 1992.
doi:10.1093/jos/9.4.379. [1]
[ZC99] Vladimir Zegarac, Billy Clark.
Phatic interpretations and phatic communication.
Journal of Linguistics, 35(2):321–346, 1999.
doi:10.1017/S0022226799007628. [1]
[Zei20] Hedde Zeijlstra.
Labeling, selection, and feature checking.
In Peter W. Smith, Johannes Mursell, Katharina Hartmann, editors, Agree to agree: Agreement in the minimalist programme, pages 137–174.
Language Science Press, Berlin, 2020.
doi:10.5281/zenodo.3541749.
[ZK22] Aili Zhang, Nayoung Kwon.
The interpretational preferences of null and overt pronouns in Chinese.
Journal of Linguistics, 58(3):649–676, 2022.
doi:10.1017/S0022226721000402. [1][2]
[Zim17] Eva Zimmermann.
Morphological Length and Prosodically Defective Morphemes.
Volume 1 of Oxford Studies in Phonology and Phonetics.
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2017.
ISBN 978-0-19-874732-1. [1]
[Zim22] Eva Zimmermann.
Non-segmental morphology.
In Peter Ackema, Sabrina Bendjaballah, Eulàlia Bonet, Antonio Fábregas, editors, The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Morphology.
Wiley-Blackwell, 2022. [1]
[Zim24] Eva Zimmermann.
Morphemes in Phonology.
Draft, October 2024. To appear in Paul de Lacy and Adam Jardine (eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of Phonology, 2nd edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2024. [1][2]
[Zim08] Malte Zimmermann.
Quantification in Hausa.
In Lisa Matthewson, editor, Quantification: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective, pages 415–475.
Emerald, 2008. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
[Zim14] Malte Zimmermann.
Universal and Existential Quantification in Chadic and Beyond.
Presentation at ACAL 45, Kansas University, 2014. [1][2]
[Zim26] Malte Zimmermann.
African Lambdas I: Formal Semantics of African Languages—The Nominal Domain.
Language and Linguistics Compass, 20:e70025, 2026.
doi:10.1111/lnc3.70025. [1][2][3][4][5][6]
[Zom11] Katerina Zombolou.
Attrition in Greek Diaspora.
In Kelechukwu Uchechukwu Ihemere, editor, Language Contact and Language Shift: Grammatical and Sociolinguistic Perspectives, pages 1–33.
Lincom Europa, Munich, 2011.
[ZW00] Joost Zwarts, Yoad Winter.
Vector space semantics: a model-theoretic analysis of locative prepositions.
Journal of Logic, Language and Information, 9(2):169–211, 2000.
doi:10.1023/a:1008384416604. [1][2]