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Sneddon, J. N. (1996). Routledge
Sneddon's grammar of Indonesian gives rules for the nasal that ends the prefixes meN- and peN-, by the first sound of the base. The nasal is velar before a vowel and before g, k, h and kh, takes the place of the other obstruents, replaces an initial p, t, k or s, and is lost before the other sonorant consonants. In borrowings an initial s may be kept, after n. This file checks the Indonesian phonology fragment against these rules, and against the forms Sneddon gives for them, each read through the glyphs of PHOIBLE's Indonesian inventory.
The voiceless obstruents.
Used by substituting_subset, voicelessObstruents_sdiff_substituting
Built from
The voiceless obstruents that do not substitute are c and the loan fricatives (p. 10).
Built from
The nasal is lost before l, r, m, n, ny, ng, w and y, "other initial sounds" (p. 10).
"N becomes ng before a vowel" (p. 9), and before h (p. 10).
Before an obstruent that does not substitute, the nasal and the obstruent both surface.
The fused nasals are phonemes, the nasal of the place of each stop and the palatal for
s (pp. 9–10).
The juncture with a base that keeps its initial consonant, as borrowings may (pp. 11–12), where there is no fusion.
Used by junctureRetained_s
"If s is not lost N becomes n", as in mensukseskan (pp. 11–12).
Built from
The segments of a form, each read through its glyph in PHOIBLE's Standard Indonesian inventory.
Used by relations_prefixed
A relation of the table attaches meN-, peN-, or meN- with per- to a base, and after meN- "the initial p of per- is not lost" (p. 11).
The definition is too large to print here; read it in the source.
Used by relations_prefixed
Each derived form is its prefix on its base, as in mengajar (pp. 9–10), penulis (p. 11) and memperbesar (p. 26).
Built from ,