Docs / Studies / Studies.Anderson2006a

Auxiliary Verb Constructions

Anderson, G. D. S. (2006). Oxford University Press

An auxiliary verb construction pairs an auxiliary with a lexical verb that stays the semantic head. Anderson's five macro-patterns are fixed by the inflectional head alone: the auxiliary, the lexical verb, both with the same categories, the two dividing the categories, or dividing them with some on both. The marking of the book's examples yields the pattern each is filed under, every pattern is attested, and in the split/doubled examples the shared category is the subject. Doyayo's construction, filed as lex-headed though its auxiliary marks the subject by tone, comes out split, and negative auxiliaries head aux-headed and split constructions.

Implementation notes

Agreement is subject or object agreement, as the book files it: Jakaltek's ergative marker is subject and its absolutive marker object agreement.
A negative auxiliary records its negation as a category of the auxiliary.

TODO

Kwerba (52) and 'Iipay (53), filed as lex-headed and doubled, come out so only if the negative particle's tense and the lexical verb's irrealis are not inflection; record that analysis and add their marking.

References

Anderson 2006a, Auxiliary Verb Constructions

Where the inflection is marked

The book's examples

The inflectional head yields the pattern each example is filed under (13), the examples whose auxiliary marking is partial aside.

theorem rows_pattern L127–134

(r : Datum) :

r ∈ Examples.all → r.feature? "aux_marking" = none → ∀ m ∈ (InflectionalMarking.ofRow? r).toList, ∀ p ∈ ((r.feature? "infl_pattern").bind InflectionPattern.ofString?).toList, m.pattern = p

Built from , ,

Doyayo's construction (ch. 3 (15a)), filed as lex-headed, is split by the inflectional head: the auxiliary marks the subject by tone and the lexical verb the tense.

theorem doyayo_split L136–140

(m : InflectionalMarking) :

m ∈ (InflectionalMarking.ofRow? Examples.doyayo_lexheaded).toList → m.pattern = InflectionPattern.split

Built from , ,

Every macro-pattern of (13) is attested among the book's examples.

theorem all_patterns_attested L142–145

(p : InflectionPattern) :

∃ r ∈ Examples.all, ∃ m ∈ (InflectionalMarking.ofRow? r).toList, m.pattern = p

Built from , ,

In the split/doubled examples the category carried by both elements is the subject.

theorem splitDoubled_doubles_subject L147–151

(r : Datum) :

r ∈ Examples.all → ∀ m ∈ (InflectionalMarking.ofRow? r).toList, m.pattern = InflectionPattern.splitDoubled → m.doubled = {Category.subj}

Built from , ,

Negative auxiliaries

Negative auxiliaries head constructions of different patterns (§1.7.2): by their marking, Komi's, Udihe's and Neyo's are aux-headed and Kokota's is split.

theorem negative_auxiliary_patterns L155–160

(p : InflectionPattern) :

p ∈ [InflectionPattern.auxHeaded, InflectionPattern.split] → ∃ r ∈ Examples.all, r.feature? "strategy" = some "negVerb" ∧ ∃ m ∈ (InflectionalMarking.ofRow? r).toList, m.pattern = p

Built from , ,