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Linglib.Data.Statistics.GundelHedbergZacharski1993

GundelHedbergZacharski1993: statistics (generated) #

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The referring expressions of naturally occurring discourse in Mandarin Chinese, English, Japanese, Russian and Spanish, from novels, short stories, magazine articles, news broadcasts, interviews and casual conversations, and for all languages but Russian narrative descriptions of a silent film, each token coded by two coders for the highest cognitive status its referent met in context. A blank cell of the printed tables is no token and is omitted. Spanish personal pronouns were mostly not coded for stress.

References #

The languages of the study.

  • chinese : Language

    Chinese: Mandarin Chinese, Table 2

  • english : Language

    English: English, Table 3

  • japanese : Language

    Japanese: Japanese, Table 4

  • russian : Language

    Russian: Russian, Table 5

  • spanish : Language

    Spanish: Spanish, Table 6

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      A referring form, as the rows of Tables 2-6 print it.

      • zero : Form

        ø: a zero pronominal

      • ta : Form

        tā: the personal pronoun 's/he, it'

      • zhe : Form

        zhè: the proximal demonstrative pronoun 'this'

      • nei : Form

        nèi: the distal demonstrative pronoun 'that'

      • zheN : Form

        zhè N: the proximal demonstrative determiner with a noun

      • neiN : Form

        nèi N: the distal demonstrative determiner with a noun

      • yiN : Form

        yī N: 'one' with a noun, 'a N'

      • bare : Form

        N: a bare noun

      • it : Form

        it: the unstressed personal pronoun

      • stressedHe : Form

        HE: a stressed personal pronoun

      • thisPronoun : Form

        this: the proximal demonstrative pronoun

      • thatPronoun : Form

        that: the distal demonstrative pronoun

      • thisN : Form

        this N: the proximal demonstrative determiner with a noun

      • thatN : Form

        that N: the distal demonstrative determiner with a noun

      • theN : Form

        the N: the definite article with a noun

      • indefiniteThisN : Form

        indefinite this N: indefinite this with a noun

      • aN : Form

        a N: the indefinite article with a noun

      • kare : Form

        kare: the personal pronoun 'he'

      • kore : Form

        kore: the proximal demonstrative pronoun 'this'

      • sore : Form

        sore: the medial demonstrative pronoun 'that'

      • are : Form

        are: the distal demonstrative pronoun 'that'

      • konoN : Form

        kono N: the proximal demonstrative determiner with a noun

      • sonoN : Form

        sono N: the medial demonstrative determiner with a noun

      • anoN : Form

        ano N: the distal demonstrative determiner with a noun

      • ono : Form

        ono: the unstressed personal pronoun 'it'

      • stressedOno : Form

        ONO: the stressed personal pronoun 'it'

      • eto : Form

        èto: the proximal demonstrative pronoun 'this'

      • tot : Form

        tot: the distal demonstrative pronoun 'that'

      • etoN : Form

        èto N: the proximal demonstrative determiner with a noun

      • toN : Form

        to N: the distal demonstrative determiner with a noun

      • elSubj : Form

        él (subj): the personal pronoun 'he' as subject, stressed or unstressed

      • elNonsubj : Form

        él (nonsubj): the personal pronoun 'he' as nonsubject, stressed or unstressed

      • este : Form

        éste: the proximal demonstrative pronoun 'this'

      • ese : Form

        ése: the medial demonstrative pronoun 'that'

      • aquel : Form

        aquél: the distal demonstrative pronoun 'that'

      • esteN : Form

        este N: the proximal demonstrative determiner with a noun

      • eseN : Form

        ese N: the medial demonstrative determiner with a noun

      • aquelN : Form

        aquel N: the distal demonstrative determiner with a noun

      • elN : Form

        el N: the definite article with a noun

      • unN : Form

        un N: the indefinite article with a noun

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          The highest cognitive status a referent met, as the columns of Tables 2-6 print it.

          • inFocus : Status

            In focus: in focus

          • activated : Status

            Activated: activated

          • familiar : Status

            Familiar: familiar

          • unique : Status

            Unique: uniquely identifiable

          • referential : Status

            Referential: referential

          • typeIdentifiable : Status

            Type: type identifiable

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              A row of Tables 2-6, pp. 291-292: the tokens of a form whose referent met a status as its highest.

              • language : Language

                The language.

              • form : Form

                The referring form.

              • status : Status

                The highest status the referent met.

              • tokens : ℕ

                The number of tokens.

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                def GundelHedbergZacharski1993.instDecidableEqCell.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : Cell) :
                Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                    The 87 rows of Tables 2-6, pp. 291-292, in the paper's order; counted in a corpus; checked against the page images.

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