Swahili reciprocals

This file defines the Swahili reciprocal marker and the verbs it has lexicalized in. Swahili marks reciprocity with the verbal suffix -an-, which derives an intransitive verb whose plural subject names the reciprocants, Juma na Halima wa-li-tekeny-an-a 'Juma and Halima tickled each other'; with a singular subject and a comitative na phrase it forms the discontinuous reciprocal, Juma a-li-tekeny-an-a na Halima, which Nordlinger reviews. The suffix is distinct from the reflexive prefix ji-. Palmieri's appendix pairs the -an- verbs with a lexicalized reciprocal entry with their binary bases, each the base with the suffix before its final vowel.

Main definitions

• Swahili.Reciprocals.anSuffix, markers: the marker and the inventory
• Swahili.Reciprocals.lexicalReciprocals, derivedFrom: the lexical reciprocals and their pairing with a binary base

Main results

• Swahili.Reciprocals.derivedFrom_form: each lexical reciprocal is its base with -an- before the final vowel

References

• R. Nordlinger, The Typology of Reciprocal Constructions (2023)
• G. Palmieri, Lexical and Grammatical Reciprocity: Perspectives from Romance, Bantu and Beyond (2024)

def Swahili.Reciprocals.anSuffix : Reciprocal.Marker

The reciprocal suffix -an-.

Equations

• Swahili.Reciprocals.anSuffix = { morphs := [Morphology.Morph.suff "an"], strategy := Reciprocal.Strategy.verbalAffix }

def Swahili.Reciprocals.markers : Finset Reciprocal.Marker

The marker inventory.

Equations

• Swahili.Reciprocals.markers = {Swahili.Reciprocals.anSuffix}

def Swahili.Reciprocals.lexicalReciprocals : List Verb

The -an- verbs with a lexicalized reciprocal entry.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Swahili.Reciprocals.derivedFrom : List (Verb × Verb)

Each lexical reciprocal with its binary base; jibizana has none.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

theorem Swahili.Reciprocals.derivedFrom_form (p : Verb × Verb) : p ∈ derivedFrom → p.1.form.toList = p.2.form.toList.dropLast ++ ['a', 'n', 'a']

Each lexical reciprocal is its base with -an- before the final vowel.