Spanish Clitic Paradigm

[MP26]

The full Spanish clitic paradigm, with syncretism data critical for Muñoz [MP26]. The key observation: 1SG and 2SG are syncretic across accusative, dative, and reflexive, while 3SG/PL are not. This syncretism drives the availability of stylistic applicatives.

Paradigm (Muñoz [MP26], ex. 59)

	ACC	DAT	REFL
1SG	me	me	me
2SG	te	te	te
3SG	lo/la	le/se	se
1PL	nos	nos	nos
2/3PL	los/las	les/se	se

Paradigm data

Schema and capability instances are the shared Romance clitic schema (Fragments/Romance/Clitics.lean).

def Spanish.Clitics.me_acc : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.me_acc = { form := "me", person := UD.Person.first, number := UD.Number.Sing, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.accusative }

def Spanish.Clitics.me_dat : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.me_dat = { form := "me", person := UD.Person.first, number := UD.Number.Sing, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.dative }

def Spanish.Clitics.me_refl : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.me_refl = { form := "me", person := UD.Person.first, number := UD.Number.Sing, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.reflexive }

def Spanish.Clitics.te_acc : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.te_acc = { form := "te", person := UD.Person.second, number := UD.Number.Sing, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.accusative }

def Spanish.Clitics.te_dat : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.te_dat = { form := "te", person := UD.Person.second, number := UD.Number.Sing, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.dative }

def Spanish.Clitics.te_refl : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.te_refl = { form := "te", person := UD.Person.second, number := UD.Number.Sing, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.reflexive }

def Spanish.Clitics.lo : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.lo = { form := "lo", person := UD.Person.third, number := UD.Number.Sing, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.accusative }

def Spanish.Clitics.la : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.la = { form := "la", person := UD.Person.third, number := UD.Number.Sing, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.accusative }

def Spanish.Clitics.le_dat : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.le_dat = { form := "le", person := UD.Person.third, number := UD.Number.Sing, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.dative }

def Spanish.Clitics.se_refl : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.se_refl = { form := "se", person := UD.Person.third, number := UD.Number.Sing, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.reflexive }

def Spanish.Clitics.nos_acc : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.nos_acc = { form := "nos", person := UD.Person.first, number := UD.Number.Plur, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.accusative }

def Spanish.Clitics.nos_dat : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.nos_dat = { form := "nos", person := UD.Person.first, number := UD.Number.Plur, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.dative }

def Spanish.Clitics.nos_refl : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.nos_refl = { form := "nos", person := UD.Person.first, number := UD.Number.Plur, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.reflexive }

def Spanish.Clitics.los : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.los = { form := "los", person := UD.Person.third, number := UD.Number.Plur, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.accusative }

def Spanish.Clitics.las : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.las = { form := "las", person := UD.Person.third, number := UD.Number.Plur, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.accusative }

def Spanish.Clitics.les_dat : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.les_dat = { form := "les", person := UD.Person.third, number := UD.Number.Plur, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.dative }

def Spanish.Clitics.se_refl_pl : Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.se_refl_pl = { form := "se", person := UD.Person.third, number := UD.Number.Plur, case_ := Romance.Clitics.CliticCase.reflexive }

Paradigm and syncretism

def Spanish.Clitics.paradigm : List Romance.Clitics.CliticEntry

The full clitic paradigm as a flat list.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Spanish.Clitics.lookupForm : UD.Person → UD.Number → Romance.Clitics.CliticCase → Option String

Look up the form for a given person, number, and case in the paradigm.

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.lookupForm = Romance.Clitics.lookupForm Spanish.Clitics.paradigm

def Spanish.Clitics.isSyncretic : UD.Person → UD.Number → Romance.Clitics.CliticCase → Romance.Clitics.CliticCase → Bool

Are two clitic cases syncretic for a given person/number combination? Derived from the paradigm data.

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.isSyncretic = Romance.Clitics.isSyncretic Spanish.Clitics.paradigm

def Spanish.Clitics.datReflSyncretic : UD.Person → UD.Number → Bool

The set of person/number combinations where DAT and REFL are syncretic. This is the key condition for SE-optionality.

Equations

• Spanish.Clitics.datReflSyncretic = Romance.Clitics.datReflSyncretic Spanish.Clitics.paradigm

Verification theorems

theorem Spanish.Clitics.syncretic_1sg : datReflSyncretic UD.Person.first UD.Number.Sing = true

1SG: dative and reflexive are syncretic (both "me").

theorem Spanish.Clitics.syncretic_2sg : datReflSyncretic UD.Person.second UD.Number.Sing = true

2SG: dative and reflexive are syncretic (both "te").

theorem Spanish.Clitics.not_syncretic_3sg : datReflSyncretic UD.Person.third UD.Number.Sing = false

3SG: dative and reflexive are NOT syncretic ("le" ≠ "se").

theorem Spanish.Clitics.syncretic_1pl : datReflSyncretic UD.Person.first UD.Number.Plur = true

1PL: dative and reflexive are syncretic (both "nos").

theorem Spanish.Clitics.not_syncretic_3pl : datReflSyncretic UD.Person.third UD.Number.Plur = false

3PL: dative and reflexive are NOT syncretic ("les" ≠ "se").

theorem Spanish.Clitics.me_forms_identical : me_acc.form = me_dat.form ∧ me_dat.form = me_refl.form

1SG forms are identical across all three cases.

theorem Spanish.Clitics.te_forms_identical : te_acc.form = te_dat.form ∧ te_dat.form = te_refl.form

2SG forms are identical across all three cases.

theorem Spanish.Clitics.le_ne_se : le_dat.form ≠ se_refl.form

3SG dative ≠ 3SG reflexive (le ≠ se).