Tsotsil Agreement Fragment

Agreement morphology for Zinacantec Tsotsil (Tseltalan, Mayan) ([Pol13a]; [AP25]).

Main declarations

• Tsotsil.ArgPosition with .case, .accCase: argument positions and their case (ergative-absolutive, no aspect split).
• Tsotsil.setALinearity, Tsotsil.setBLinearity: prefixal Set A, prefixal-or-suffixal Set B.
• Tsotsil.setAExponent, Tsotsil.setBExponent: Zinacantec Tsotsil exponent tables ([Pol13a]).
• Tsotsil.Extraction.realize: unmarked extraction (no Agent Focus).

Implementation notes

Tsotsil has two agreement paradigms on the verb: Set A (ERG/GEN) prefixes cross-reference the transitive agent (ergative) and possessor (genitive), which are homophonous ([Pol13a]); Set B (ABS) markers cross-reference the absolutive argument (intransitive subject and transitive patient), and occur prefixally or suffixally by dialect and morphosyntactic context. Canonical word order is VOA (verb-initial), though both arguments are usually unpronounced unless topicalized or focused. 3rd person singular Set B has no overt exponent (∅). Grammatical-function classification is shared across Tseltalan (Mayan.Tseltalan).

Tseltalan languages are uniformly ergative-absolutive with no aspect-conditioned split (in contrast with Cholan; per [Pol13a]).

Argument positions

@[reducible, inline]

abbrev Tsotsil.ArgPosition : Type

Argument positions in a Tsotsil clause, aliased to the canonical Features.Prominence.ArgumentRole (S/A/P/R/T).

Equations

• Tsotsil.ArgPosition = Features.Prominence.ArgumentRole

@[reducible, inline]

abbrev Tsotsil.ArgPosition.case : ArgPosition → Case

Case assignment for Tsotsil: Mayan.caseTseltalan .Perf (A → ERG, S/P → ABS); Tseltalan has no aspect-conditioned split.

Equations

• Tsotsil.ArgPosition.case = Mayan.caseTseltalan UD.Aspect.Perf

@[reducible, inline]

abbrev Tsotsil.ArgPosition.accCase : ArgPosition → Case

Non-perfective case assignment for Tsotsil: identical to perfective (no aspect split, [Pol13a]).

Equations

• Tsotsil.ArgPosition.accCase = Mayan.caseTseltalan UD.Aspect.Imp

Absolutive position (LOW-ABS)

def Tsotsil.absPosition : Mayan.ABSPosition

Tsotsil's absolutive morphemes appear in low (post-stem) position when suffixal (Tseltalan is LOW-ABS). The prefixal-or-suffixal alternation is conditioned by morphosyntactic context (see setBLinearity); LOW-ABS refers to the structural position of the licensing head, not the linear position of every Set B exponent.

Equations

• Tsotsil.absPosition = Mayan.ABSPosition.low

Agreement marker linearity

def Tsotsil.setALinearity : Mayan.MarkerLinearity

Set A markers in Tsotsil are prefixal (per [AP25] Table 1; pan-Mayan invariant).

Equations

• Tsotsil.setALinearity = Mayan.MarkerLinearity.prefixal

def Tsotsil.setBLinearity : Mayan.MarkerLinearity

Set B markers in Tsotsil are prefixal or suffixal by dialect and morphosyntactic context ([AP25] Table 1) — the headline Tseltalan-internal divergence from Tseltal.

Equations

• Tsotsil.setBLinearity = Mayan.MarkerLinearity.either

Set A/B exponents (Zinacantec Tsotsil)

def Tsotsil.setAExponent : Mayan.ExponentTable

Set A (ERG/GEN) exponents for Zinacantec Tsotsil ([Pol13a]): prefixes on the verb (ERG) or possessed noun (GEN), varying by following segment, shown as pre-C/pre-V allomorph pairs.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Tsotsil.setBExponent : Mayan.ExponentTable

Set B (ABS) exponents for Zinacantec Tsotsil ([Pol13a]): 3rd person singular has no overt exponent (-∅); some forms alternate by suffix harmony.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

theorem Tsotsil.p3sg_abs_null : Agreement.Paradigm.realize setBExponent (Agreement.Cell.pn UD.Person.third UD.Number.Sing) = some "-∅"

3rd person absolutive is null — invariant across the standard Mayan branches per [KN84] Table 8. Not pan-Mayan: see Mam exception via Mayan.isStandard.

Extraction marking

def Tsotsil.Extraction.realize : Extraction.ExtractionTarget → List (Morphology.Reflex Empty)

No Agent Focus morphology is required for A-extraction, consistent with Tsotsil being LOW-ABS.

Equations

• Tsotsil.Extraction.realize x✝ = []

def Tsotsil.Extraction.strategy : Extraction.ExtractionMarkingStrategy

WALS-style label: extraction is unmarked.

Equations

• Tsotsil.Extraction.strategy = Extraction.ExtractionMarkingStrategy.unmarked