Tsotsil Agreement Fragment #

Agreement morphology for Zinacantec Tsotsil (Tseltalan, Mayan).

The System #

Tsotsil has two agreement paradigms on the verb:

Set A (ERG/GEN): prefixes cross-referencing the transitive agent (ergative) and the possessor (genitive). Ergative and genitive are homophonous ([Pol13a]).
Set B (ABS): prefixes or suffixes cross-referencing the absolutive argument (intransitive subject and transitive patient). Position varies by dialect and morphosyntactic context; in Zinacantec Tsotsil, Set B markers occur either prefixally or suffixally.

Canonical word order is VOA (verb-initial), though both arguments are usually unpronounced unless topicalized or focused.

3rd person singular Set B has no overt exponent (∅).

Grammatical function classification is shared across Tseltalan — see Mayan.Tseltalan for the shared definitions.

Alignment #

Tseltalan languages are uniformly ergative-absolutive with no aspect-conditioned split (in contrast with Cholan; per [Pol13a]).

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@[reducible, inline]

abbrev Tsotsil.ArgPosition :

Type

Argument positions in a Tsotsil clause. Aliased to the canonical Features.Prominence.ArgumentRole (S/A/P/R/T) so cross-Mayan and cross-framework code shares one inventory.

Equations

Tsotsil.ArgPosition = Features.Prominence.ArgumentRole

Instances For

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@[reducible, inline]

abbrev Tsotsil.ArgPosition.case :

ArgPosition → Case

Case assignment for Tsotsil. Definitionally equal to Mayan.caseTseltalan .Perf, which derives from Alignment.ergative.assignCase. Tseltalan has no aspect-conditioned split.

Equations

Tsotsil.ArgPosition.case = Mayan.caseTseltalan UD.Aspect.Perf

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@[reducible, inline]

abbrev Tsotsil.ArgPosition.accCase :

ArgPosition → Case

Non-perfective case assignment for Tsotsil. Identical to perfective (no aspect split per [Pol13a]).

Equations

Tsotsil.ArgPosition.accCase = Mayan.caseTseltalan UD.Aspect.Imp

Instances For

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def Tsotsil.absPosition :

Mayan.ABSPosition

Tsotsil's absolutive morphemes appear in low (post-stem) position when suffixal, consistent with Tseltalan being LOW-ABS. The prefixal-or-suffixal alternation is conditioned by morphosyntactic context (see setBLinearity); the LOW-ABS classification refers to the structural position of the licensing head, not the linear position of every Set B exponent.

Equations

Tsotsil.absPosition = Mayan.ABSPosition.low

Instances For

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def Tsotsil.setALinearity :

Mayan.MarkerLinearity

Set A markers in Tsotsil are prefixal (per [AP25] Table 1; pan-Mayan invariant).

Equations

Tsotsil.setALinearity = Mayan.MarkerLinearity.prefixal

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def Tsotsil.setBLinearity :

Mayan.MarkerLinearity

Set B markers in Tsotsil are prefixal or suffixal, depending on dialect and morphosyntactic context ([AP25] Table 1). The Tsotsil-vs-Tseltal contrast in Set B linearity is the headline Tseltalan-internal divergence.

Equations

Tsotsil.setBLinearity = Mayan.MarkerLinearity.either

Instances For

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def Tsotsil.setAExponent :

Mayan.ExponentTable

Set A (ERG/GEN) exponents for Zinacantec Tsotsil ([Pol13a]). Prefixes on the verb (for ERG) or the possessed noun (for GEN). Forms vary by following segment; shown as pre-C/pre-V allomorph pairs.

Equations

One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

Instances For

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def Tsotsil.setBExponent :

Mayan.ExponentTable

Set B (ABS) exponents for Zinacantec Tsotsil ([Pol13a]). 3rd person singular has no overt exponent (-∅). Some forms show allomorphic alternation depending on suffix harmony.

Equations

One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

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theorem Tsotsil.p3sg_abs_null :

Agreement.Paradigm.realize setBExponent (Agreement.Cell.pn UD.Person.third UD.Number.Sing) = some "-∅"

3rd person absolutive is null — invariant across the standard Mayan branches per [KN84] Table 8. Not pan-Mayan: see Mam exception via MayanLang.isStandard.

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def Tsotsil.extractionStrategy :

Extraction.ExtractionMarkingStrategy

Tsotsil's extraction profile (language "Tsotsil"): no Agent Focus morphology required for A-extraction, consistent with Tsotsil being LOW-ABS. Notes: LOW-ABS Tseltalan; no AF morphology.

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