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Linglib.Fragments.Mayan.Tsotsil.Agreement

Tsotsil Agreement Fragment #

@cite{polian-2013} @cite{aissen-polian-2025}

Agreement morphology for Zinacantec Tsotsil (Tseltalan, Mayan).

The System #

Tsotsil has two agreement paradigms on the verb:

Canonical word order is VOA (verb-initial), though both arguments are usually unpronounced unless topicalized or focused.

3rd person singular Set B has no overt exponent (∅).

Grammatical function classification is shared across Tseltalan — see Fragments.Mayan.Tseltalan for the shared definitions.

Alignment #

Tseltalan languages are uniformly ergative-absolutive with no aspect-conditioned split (in contrast with Cholan; per @cite{polian-2013}).

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@[reducible, inline]
abbrev Fragments.Mayan.Tsotsil.ArgPosition :
Type

Argument positions in a Tsotsil clause. Aliased to the canonical Features.Prominence.ArgumentRole (S/A/P/R/T) so cross-Mayan and cross-framework code shares one inventory.

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    @[reducible, inline]
    abbrev Fragments.Mayan.Tsotsil.ArgPosition.case :
    ArgPosition → Core.Case

    Case assignment for Tsotsil. Definitionally equal to Fragments.Mayan.caseTseltalan .Perf, which derives from Alignment.ergative.assignCase. Tseltalan has no aspect-conditioned split.

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      @[reducible, inline]
      abbrev Fragments.Mayan.Tsotsil.ArgPosition.accCase :
      ArgPosition → Core.Case

      Non-perfective case assignment for Tsotsil. Identical to perfective (no aspect split per @cite{polian-2013}).

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        def Fragments.Mayan.Tsotsil.absPosition :
        ABSPosition

        Tsotsil's absolutive morphemes appear in low (post-stem) position when suffixal, consistent with Tseltalan being LOW-ABS. The prefixal-or-suffixal alternation is conditioned by morphosyntactic context (see setBLinearity); the LOW-ABS classification refers to the structural position of the licensing head, not the linear position of every Set B exponent.

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          def Fragments.Mayan.Tsotsil.setALinearity :
          MarkerLinearity

          Set A markers in Tsotsil are prefixal (per @cite{aissen-polian-2025} Table 1; pan-Mayan invariant).

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            def Fragments.Mayan.Tsotsil.setBLinearity :
            MarkerLinearity

            Set B markers in Tsotsil are prefixal or suffixal, depending on dialect and morphosyntactic context (@cite{aissen-polian-2025} Table 1). The Tsotsil-vs-Tseltal contrast in Set B linearity is the headline Tseltalan-internal divergence.

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              def Fragments.Mayan.Tsotsil.setAExponent :
              PersonNumber → String

              Set A (ERG/GEN) exponents for Zinacantec Tsotsil (@cite{polian-2013}). Prefixes on the verb (for ERG) or the possessed noun (for GEN). Forms vary by following segment; shown as pre-C/pre-V allomorph pairs.

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                def Fragments.Mayan.Tsotsil.setBExponent :
                PersonNumber → String

                Set B (ABS) exponents for Zinacantec Tsotsil (@cite{polian-2013}). 3rd person singular has no overt exponent (-∅). Some forms show allomorphic alternation depending on suffix harmony.

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                  theorem Fragments.Mayan.Tsotsil.p3sg_abs_null :
                  setBExponent PersonNumber.p3sg = "-∅"

                  3rd person absolutive is null — invariant across the standard Mayan branches per @cite{kaufman-norman-1984} Table 8. Not pan-Mayan: see Mam exception via MayanLang.isStandard.

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                  def Fragments.Mayan.Tsotsil.extractionProfile :
                  Typology.ExtractionProfile

                  Tsotsil's extraction profile: no Agent Focus morphology required for A-extraction, consistent with Tsotsil being LOW-ABS.

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