Japanese postpositions

The postpositions of Japanese as Adposition entries. Tsujimura lists de 'at', e 'to', to 'with', made 'until' and kara 'from' (§1.5, p. 133). Unlike the case particles, the cases of Japanese.Case, they carry an inherent meaning and cannot be dropped (pp. 136–137), and they cannot stand independently, which places them outside the word class (p. 133), so each is an enclitic. De marks location (p. 136) and the instrument (p. 218), kara the source (p. 218), and made 'until, as far as' an endpoint (p. 137).

Main definitions

• Japanese.Adpositions.inventory: the postpositions.

Implementation notes

• Yori 'than' is the standard marker of the comparative (Japanese.Comparison.yori), recorded here as an ablative postposition after Stassen; Tsujimura does not classify it.
• The postposition ni that Sadakane and Koizumi separate from the dative case marker is the matter of Studies/SadakaneKoizumi1995.lean; the fragment keeps the single dative ni.

References

• [Tsu14]
• [Sta85]
• [SK95]

def Japanese.Adpositions.de : Adposition

de で 'at', marking the place of an action and its instrument.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Japanese.Adpositions.e : Adposition

e へ 'to', marking a goal.

Equations

• Japanese.Adpositions.e = { morphs := [Morphology.Morph.encl "e"], linearization := {Adposition.Linearization.post}, functions := {Case.all}, complements := {some Adposition.Complement.np} }

def Japanese.Adpositions.to : Adposition

to と 'with', marking a companion.

Equations

• Japanese.Adpositions.to = { morphs := [Morphology.Morph.encl "to"], linearization := {Adposition.Linearization.post}, functions := {Case.com}, complements := {some Adposition.Complement.np} }

def Japanese.Adpositions.kara : Adposition

kara から 'from', marking a source.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Japanese.Adpositions.made : Adposition

made まで 'until, as far as', marking an endpoint.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Japanese.Adpositions.yori : Adposition

yori より 'than', marking the standard of a comparison as an ablative.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Japanese.Adpositions.inventory : List Adposition

The postpositions.

Equations

• Japanese.Adpositions.inventory = [Japanese.Adpositions.de, Japanese.Adpositions.e, Japanese.Adpositions.to, Japanese.Adpositions.kara, Japanese.Adpositions.made, Japanese.Adpositions.yori]