Italian Negation Fragment

@cite{haspelmath-2013} @cite{dryer-2013-wals} @cite{zanuttini-1997} @cite{cinque-1999}

Italian sentential negation: the standard preverbal negation particle non and its packaging as a NegationSystem. The marker is a free particle in preverbal position; WALS Ch 143A classifies Italian as .negv. Italian object clitics attach between non and the verb (non lo vedo, not *lo non vedo) — the canonical syntactic analysis is @cite{zanuttini-1997}'s NegP cartography, refined by @cite{cinque-1999}'s adverb hierarchy.

Sibling files

Italian negation is distributed across four coordinated files. This file holds only the operator (the marker + system). The other axes:

• Fragments/Italian/PolarityItems.lean — lexical reactives: n-words (nessuno, niente, mai, neanche/nemmeno/neppure), the formal NPI alcuno, the emphatic reinforcer mica, the FCIs qualsiasi/qualunque. The operator/lexical-reactive split is documented in Core/Lexical/NegMarker.lean.
• Fragments/Italian/ExpletiveNegation.lean — the 11 environments where non appears vacuously (Greco 2020): temere/dubitare complements, prima che, a meno che, comparative quanto, etc. Distinct axis from standard sentential negation.
• Fragments/Italian/PolarityMarking.lean — sentence-level polarity strategies (emphatic affirmation, focus particles).

Bias-conditioned non₂ (the non-truth-functional comparative non of Napoli & Nespor 1976) surfaces obliquely via the pur and affatto entries in PolarityItems.lean.

def Fragments.Italian.Negation.non : Typology.Negation.NegMarkerEntry

non — Italian's standard preverbal negation particle. Non ho visto nessuno 'NEG have seen nobody' = "I didn't see anyone". A free word, not a clitic; syntactically immediately preverbal.

Equations

• Fragments.Italian.Negation.non = { form := "non", morphemeType := Typology.Negation.NegMorphemeType.particle, position := Typology.Negation.NegMarkerPosition.preverbal }

def Fragments.Italian.Negation.negationSystem : Typology.Negation.NegationSystem

The Italian negation system: a single preverbal particle. The Fragment-side joint consumed by Phenomena/Negation/Studies/Dryer2013.lean. WALS classifications are pulled from Data/WALS/Features/F112A.lean et al. via NegationSystem.ofISO — never hand-encoded.

Equations

• Fragments.Italian.Negation.negationSystem = Typology.Negation.NegationSystem.ofISO "ita" [Fragments.Italian.Negation.non]

def Fragments.Italian.Negation.negationProfile : Typology.Negation.NegationProfile

Italian negation profile (WALS Ch 112-115 + Greco/JinKoenig fields).

Equations

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