English Copular Predicate Fragment #
English clause-embedding adjectives that appear in copular constructions: "be annoyed (that p)", "be right (that p)".
The adjective entries use ClauseEmbeddingAdj (cross-linguistic type);
the copular realization ("be" + adjective) is English-specific. The
toVerb helper constructs the combined form for bridge theorems
that need a uniform Verb interface.
"annoyed (that p)" — emotive factive clause-embedding adjective.
[DT21], [DT22]: canonically factive.
Presupposes its complement via emotive semantics, not doxastic
veridicality — hence factivePresup on the derived Verb is
false, while presupType = some .softTrigger.
Equations
- English.Predicates.Copular.beAnnoyed = { adjForm := "annoyed", presupType := some PresupTriggerType.softTrigger }
Instances For
"right (that p)" — veridical nonfactive clause-embedding adjective. [DT21], [DT22]: veridical nonfactive. Entails its complement but does not presuppose it.
Equations
- English.Predicates.Copular.beRight = { adjForm := "right" }
Instances For
"able (to VP)" — copular predicate with infinitival complement.
[Kar71] §11: necessary-only (negation → ¬VP; affirmative ↛ VP).
[Nad23a]: one-way positive, aspect-governed — the actuality
entailment arises in perfective contexts, not from the lexicon. Therefore
NO implicative: the entailment is not unconditional like manage.
Not modeled via ClauseEmbeddingAdj because toVerb doesn't transfer
controlType. Constructed as a direct Verb instead.
Equations
- English.Predicates.Copular.beAble = { frames := [Frame.infinitival], readings := [{ frame := Frame.infinitival, control := some ControlType.subjectControl }], form := "be able" }
Instances For
Construct a Verb for an English copular predicate.
The copula contributes "be"; the adjective contributes the semantics.
This is English-specific — other languages realize clause-embedding
adjectives differently (zero copula, verbal adjectives, etc.).
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.