Cantonese phase complements

The postverbal phase complements of Cantonese, the grammaticalized second verbs that mark the completion, attainment or result of the event, following [MY94] and [Che07b], with the adversative -can of [Sio20] and the anticipatory -ding of [Won18]. The continuous -zyu is an aspect suffix and is entered in Fragments/Cantonese/Aspect.lean. The classification of these complements as inner aspect, and the diagnostics separating them from resultative verb compounds, are the analysis of [LY26] and live in Studies/LiuYip2026.lean.

References

• [MY94]
• [Che07b]
• [Sio20]
• [Won18]
• [LY26]

structure Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.PhaseComplement : Type

A Cantonese phase complement: its jyutping, its character, its gloss and a representative verb it combines with.

• jyutping : String

  The jyutping form with tone number.

• hanzi : String

  The character.

• gloss : String

  The gloss.

• example_ : String

  A representative verb–complement combination with its translation.

@[instance_reducible]

instance Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.instReprPhaseComplement : Repr PhaseComplement

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.instReprPhaseComplement = { reprPrec := Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.instReprPhaseComplement.repr }

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.instReprPhaseComplement.repr : PhaseComplement → Nat → Std.Format

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

@[instance_reducible]

instance Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.instDecidableEqPhaseComplement : DecidableEq PhaseComplement

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.instDecidableEqPhaseComplement = Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.instDecidableEqPhaseComplement.decEq

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.instDecidableEqPhaseComplement.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : PhaseComplement) : Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.dim : PhaseComplement

-dim 掂 'all right': gaau-dim 'finished, settled'.

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.dim = { jyutping := "dim6", hanzi := "掂", gloss := "all right", example_ := "gaau2-dim6 'settled'" }

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.dou : PhaseComplement

-dou 倒 'arrive': wan-dou 'found'.

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.dou = { jyutping := "dou2", hanzi := "倒", gloss := "arrive", example_ := "wan2-dou2 'found'" }

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.gin : PhaseComplement

-gin 見 'see': teng-gin 'hear'.

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.gin = { jyutping := "gin3", hanzi := "見", gloss := "see", example_ := "teng1-gin3 'hear'" }

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.hei : PhaseComplement

-hei 起 'lift': waak-hei 'finished drawing'.

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.hei = { jyutping := "hei2", hanzi := "起", gloss := "lift", example_ := "waak6-hei2 'finished drawing'" }

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.hou : PhaseComplement

-hou 好 'good': zou-hou 'done'.

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.hou = { jyutping := "hou2", hanzi := "好", gloss := "good", example_ := "zou6-hou2 'done'" }

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.jyun : PhaseComplement

-jyun 完 'finish': sik-jyun 'finished eating'.

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.jyun = { jyutping := "jyun4", hanzi := "完", gloss := "finish", example_ := "sik6-jyun4 'finished eating'" }

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.seng : PhaseComplement

-seng 成 'succeed': joek-seng 'succeeded in making an appointment'.

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.seng = { jyutping := "seng4", hanzi := "成", gloss := "succeed", example_ := "joek3-seng4 'succeeded in making an appointment'" }

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.zoek : PhaseComplement

-zoek 著 'on target': fan-zoek 'fell asleep'.

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.zoek = { jyutping := "zoek6", hanzi := "著", gloss := "on target", example_ := "fan3-zoek6 'fell asleep'" }

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.lok : PhaseComplement

-lok 落 'finish, fall': zyu-lok 'taught way back then'.

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.lok = { jyutping := "lok6", hanzi := "落", gloss := "finish", example_ := "zyu2-lok6 'taught back then'" }

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.ding : PhaseComplement

-ding 定 'in advance' [Won18]: zyu-ding 'cooked in advance'.

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.ding = { jyutping := "ding6", hanzi := "定", gloss := "in advance", example_ := "zyu2-ding6 'cooked in advance'" }

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.can : PhaseComplement

-can 親, the adversative [Sio20]: daa-can 'injured by hitting'.

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.can = { jyutping := "can1", hanzi := "親", gloss := "adversative", example_ := "daa2-can1 'injured by hitting'" }

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.sat : PhaseComplement

-sat 實 'firm': mong-sat 'keep looking at'.

Equations

• Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.sat = { jyutping := "sat6", hanzi := "實", gloss := "firm", example_ := "mong6-sat6 'keep looking at'" }

def Cantonese.ResultativeComplements.all : List PhaseComplement

The phase complements.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.