Xhosa noun classes

This file defines the Xhosa noun-class system: the eleven classes with their subject markers, the five genders that pair a singular class with its plural ([Car91]), and the semantic core each gender bears ([Car26]).

References

• [Car91]
• [Car26]
• [TTML18]

Classes

inductive Xhosa.NounClass : Type

The noun classes in the Bantu numbering; classes 11–14 and 16–18 are absent.

• cl1 : NounClass

  um-, u-: umntu 'person'.

• cl2 : NounClass

  aba-: abantu 'people'.

• cl3 : NounClass

  um-: umthi 'tree'.

• cl4 : NounClass

  imi-: imithi 'trees'.

• cl5 : NounClass

  i-: iqanda 'egg'.

• cl6 : NounClass

  ama-: amaqanda 'eggs'.

• cl7 : NounClass

  isi-: isitya 'dish'.

• cl8 : NounClass

  izi-: izitya 'dishes'.

• cl9 : NounClass

  in-: inja 'dog'.

• cl10 : NounClass

  iin-: iinja 'dogs'.

• cl15 : NounClass

  uku-, the infinitive and gerund class: ukucula 'to sing'.

@[instance_reducible]

instance Xhosa.instDecidableEqNounClass : DecidableEq NounClass

Equations

• Xhosa.instDecidableEqNounClass x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

def Xhosa.instReprNounClass.repr : NounClass → ℕ → Std.Format

Equations

• Xhosa.instReprNounClass.repr Xhosa.NounClass.cl1 prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.NounClass.cl1")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprNounClass.repr Xhosa.NounClass.cl2 prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.NounClass.cl2")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprNounClass.repr Xhosa.NounClass.cl3 prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.NounClass.cl3")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprNounClass.repr Xhosa.NounClass.cl4 prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.NounClass.cl4")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprNounClass.repr Xhosa.NounClass.cl5 prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.NounClass.cl5")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprNounClass.repr Xhosa.NounClass.cl6 prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.NounClass.cl6")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprNounClass.repr Xhosa.NounClass.cl7 prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.NounClass.cl7")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprNounClass.repr Xhosa.NounClass.cl8 prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.NounClass.cl8")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprNounClass.repr Xhosa.NounClass.cl9 prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.NounClass.cl9")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprNounClass.repr Xhosa.NounClass.cl10 prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.NounClass.cl10")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprNounClass.repr Xhosa.NounClass.cl15 prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.NounClass.cl15")).group prec✝

@[instance_reducible]

instance Xhosa.instReprNounClass : Repr NounClass

Equations

• Xhosa.instReprNounClass = { reprPrec := Xhosa.instReprNounClass.repr }

@[instance_reducible]

instance Xhosa.instFintypeNounClass : Fintype NounClass

Equations

• Xhosa.instFintypeNounClass = { elems := { val := ↑Xhosa.NounClass.enumList, nodup := Xhosa.NounClass.enumList_nodup }, complete := Xhosa.instFintypeNounClass._proof_1 }

def Xhosa.NounClass.subjPrefix : NounClass → String

The subject marker of a class on the verb.

Equations

• Xhosa.NounClass.cl1.subjPrefix = "u"
• Xhosa.NounClass.cl2.subjPrefix = "ba"
• Xhosa.NounClass.cl3.subjPrefix = "u"
• Xhosa.NounClass.cl4.subjPrefix = "i"
• Xhosa.NounClass.cl5.subjPrefix = "li"
• Xhosa.NounClass.cl6.subjPrefix = "a"
• Xhosa.NounClass.cl7.subjPrefix = "si"
• Xhosa.NounClass.cl8.subjPrefix = "zi"
• Xhosa.NounClass.cl9.subjPrefix = "i"
• Xhosa.NounClass.cl10.subjPrefix = "zi"
• Xhosa.NounClass.cl15.subjPrefix = "ku"

Genders

inductive Xhosa.Gender : Type

The five genders, each pairing a singular class with its plural.

• genderA : Gender

  Classes 1/2.

• genderB : Gender

  Classes 3/4.

• genderC : Gender

  Classes 5/6.

• genderD : Gender

  Classes 7/8.

• genderE : Gender

  Classes 9/10.

@[instance_reducible]

instance Xhosa.instDecidableEqGender : DecidableEq Gender

Equations

• Xhosa.instDecidableEqGender x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

def Xhosa.instReprGender.repr : Gender → ℕ → Std.Format

Equations

• Xhosa.instReprGender.repr Xhosa.Gender.genderA prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.Gender.genderA")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprGender.repr Xhosa.Gender.genderB prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.Gender.genderB")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprGender.repr Xhosa.Gender.genderC prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.Gender.genderC")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprGender.repr Xhosa.Gender.genderD prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.Gender.genderD")).group prec✝
• Xhosa.instReprGender.repr Xhosa.Gender.genderE prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Xhosa.Gender.genderE")).group prec✝

@[instance_reducible]

instance Xhosa.instReprGender : Repr Gender

Equations

• Xhosa.instReprGender = { reprPrec := Xhosa.instReprGender.repr }

@[instance_reducible]

instance Xhosa.instFintypeGender : Fintype Gender

Equations

• Xhosa.instFintypeGender = { elems := { val := ↑Xhosa.Gender.enumList, nodup := Xhosa.Gender.enumList_nodup }, complete := Xhosa.instFintypeGender._proof_1 }

def Xhosa.Gender.singularClass : Gender → NounClass

Equations

• Xhosa.Gender.genderA.singularClass = Xhosa.NounClass.cl1
• Xhosa.Gender.genderB.singularClass = Xhosa.NounClass.cl3
• Xhosa.Gender.genderC.singularClass = Xhosa.NounClass.cl5
• Xhosa.Gender.genderD.singularClass = Xhosa.NounClass.cl7
• Xhosa.Gender.genderE.singularClass = Xhosa.NounClass.cl9

def Xhosa.Gender.pluralClass : Gender → NounClass

Equations

• Xhosa.Gender.genderA.pluralClass = Xhosa.NounClass.cl2
• Xhosa.Gender.genderB.pluralClass = Xhosa.NounClass.cl4
• Xhosa.Gender.genderC.pluralClass = Xhosa.NounClass.cl6
• Xhosa.Gender.genderD.pluralClass = Xhosa.NounClass.cl8
• Xhosa.Gender.genderE.pluralClass = Xhosa.NounClass.cl10

def Xhosa.Gender.plSubjPrefix (g : Gender) : String

The subject marker of a gender's plural class.

Equations

• g.plSubjPrefix = g.pluralClass.subjPrefix

def Xhosa.Gender.status : Gender → Bantu.GenderStatus

Gender A bears the core [human], D [inanimate] and E [animal], while B and C bear none.

Equations

• Xhosa.Gender.genderA.status = Bantu.GenderStatus.interpretable Bantu.SemanticCore.human
• Xhosa.Gender.genderB.status = Bantu.GenderStatus.uninterpretable
• Xhosa.Gender.genderC.status = Bantu.GenderStatus.uninterpretable
• Xhosa.Gender.genderD.status = Bantu.GenderStatus.interpretable Bantu.SemanticCore.inanimate
• Xhosa.Gender.genderE.status = Bantu.GenderStatus.interpretable Bantu.SemanticCore.animal