St'át'imcets (Lillooet Salish) Modal Inventory

[RMD08] [Mat16]

St'át'imcets (ISO 639-3 lil, also known as Lillooet) modal system. The deontic enclitic =ka expresses permission or obligation and the circumfix ka-...-a ability ([Mat05]); the epistemic clitics are evidentials, k'a requiring indirect inferential evidence, ku7 a report, and lákw7a sensory non-visual evidence, and only lákw7a is compatible with the speaker's disbelief of the prejacent ([Mat16] §18.2.4, (25)–(28)). The modals are variable in force ([RMD08]).

Form	Type	Flavour	Force	Source
=ka	enclitic	deontic	poss + nec
ka-...-a	circumfix	circumstantial	possibility
k'a	clitic	epistemic	poss + nec	inference
ku7	clitic	epistemic	poss + nec	report
lákw7a	clitic	epistemic	poss + nec	sensory, non-visual

@[reducible, inline]

abbrev Statimcets.ne : Modality.ForceFlavor

Equations

• Statimcets.ne = (Modality.ModalForce.necessity, Modality.ModalFlavor.epistemic)

@[reducible, inline]

abbrev Statimcets.pe : Modality.ForceFlavor

Equations

• Statimcets.pe = (Modality.ModalForce.possibility, Modality.ModalFlavor.epistemic)

@[reducible, inline]

abbrev Statimcets.nd : Modality.ForceFlavor

Equations

• Statimcets.nd = (Modality.ModalForce.necessity, Modality.ModalFlavor.deontic)

@[reducible, inline]

abbrev Statimcets.pd : Modality.ForceFlavor

Equations

• Statimcets.pd = (Modality.ModalForce.possibility, Modality.ModalFlavor.deontic)

@[reducible, inline]

abbrev Statimcets.pc : Modality.ForceFlavor

Equations

• Statimcets.pc = (Modality.ModalForce.possibility, Modality.ModalFlavor.circumstantial)

Modal expressions

def Statimcets.ka : Modality.ModalItem

Deontic enclitic: variable force (permission or obligation). [Mat16] example 1:

• wá7=ka s-lep' i=k'ún7=a ku=pála7 máqa7 'The eggs can/have to stay in the ground for a year.'

Equations

• Statimcets.ka = { form := "=ka", meaning := {Statimcets.pd, Statimcets.nd} }

def Statimcets.kaCircumfix : Modality.ModalItem

Ability circumfix: fixed possibility force, circumstantial flavour. [Mat05]:

• ka-xílh-ts-tal'í-ha 'could do it the fastest'

Equations

• Statimcets.kaCircumfix = { form := "ka-...-a", meaning := {Statimcets.pc} }

def Statimcets.kaInfer : Modality.ModalItem

The inferential evidential k'a, a variable-force epistemic modal requiring indirect inferential evidence ([RMD08]).

Equations

• Statimcets.kaInfer = { form := "k'a", meaning := {Statimcets.pe, Statimcets.ne} }

def Statimcets.ku7 : Modality.ModalItem

The reportative evidential ku7, a variable-force epistemic modal requiring a report ([RMD08]).

Equations

• Statimcets.ku7 = { form := "ku7", meaning := {Statimcets.pe, Statimcets.ne} }

def Statimcets.lakw7a : Modality.ModalItem

The sensory non-visual evidential lákw7a, an epistemic modal requiring sensory non-visual evidence ([Mat16] §18.2.4).

Equations

• Statimcets.lakw7a = { form := "lákw7a", meaning := {Statimcets.pe, Statimcets.ne} }

def Statimcets.modals : List Modality.ModalItem

Equations

• Statimcets.modals = [Statimcets.ka, Statimcets.kaCircumfix, Statimcets.kaInfer, Statimcets.ku7, Statimcets.lakw7a]

Information source

def Statimcets.source (m : Modality.ModalItem) : Option Evidential.EvidenceType

The information source an evidential modal requires; none for the non-evidentials.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.