Spanish Noun Gender

@cite{butt-benjamin-2019} @cite{kramer-2015} @cite{kramer-2020} @cite{harris-1991}

Spanish has two genders, masculine and feminine (@cite{butt-benjamin-2019} §1.1). Per @cite{butt-benjamin-2019} §1.2, Group A: nouns referring to humans + a few well-known animals get natural gender; per §1.3, Group B (lifeless things, plants, other animals) get arbitrary gender. Per §1.2.11, a small set of common-gender nouns (e.g. persona, víctima, ángel) take fixed gender regardless of referent.

Theory-neutral data layer

The Fragment carries two empirical fields per entry:

• attestedGender : SurfaceGender — the agreement-trigger fact (verified against @cite{butt-benjamin-2019} §1.2-1.3).
• isNaturalGender : Bool — whether the gender is semantically motivated by the referent's biological sex. False for inanimates, for non-natural-gender animals (cf. §1.3.1), and for the §1.2.11 fixed-gender common-gender exceptions (persona, ángel).

These two fields suffice to project every entry's structural analysis under @cite{kramer-2015} Ch. 6's Set-1 DM categorizer (the projection lives in Phenomena/Gender/Studies/Kramer2020.lean); they also support @cite{harris-1991}'s lexical-rule analysis directly (Harris's [FEMALE] and [HUMAN] features map onto attestedGender and the natural-gender inference).

Per-entry verification

Entries explicitly named in @cite{kramer-2015}: hombre, mujer, niño, niña, mesa, cama, persona, libro, soldado, estudiante, artista. Other entries (rey/reina/gato/gata, silla/casa/puerta/ventana, zapato/coche/árbol/cielo/vaso, ángel) are extrapolations from Kramer's framework, anchored on the textbook-consensus genders documented in @cite{butt-benjamin-2019}.

structure Fragments.Spanish.Gender.SpanishNoun : Type

A Spanish noun. No commitment to any specific theoretical framework — Kramer's DM categorizing head, Harris's lexical rule, etc. are projections that live in Studies/.

• form : String
• gloss : String
• attestedGender : Features.SurfaceGender

  Empirical agreement-trigger fact (@cite{butt-benjamin-2019}).

• isNaturalGender : Bool

  True iff the gender is semantically motivated by the referent's biological sex. False for inanimates, for non-natural-gender animals, and for the @cite{butt-benjamin-2019} §1.2.11 common-gender fixed-assignment exceptions (persona feminine for any sex; ángel masculine for any sex).

@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instDecidableEqSpanishNoun : DecidableEq SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instDecidableEqSpanishNoun = Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instDecidableEqSpanishNoun.decEq

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instDecidableEqSpanishNoun.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : SpanishNoun) : Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)

Equations

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@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instReprSpanishNoun : Repr SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instReprSpanishNoun = { reprPrec := Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instReprSpanishNoun.repr }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instReprSpanishNoun.repr : SpanishNoun → ℕ → Std.Format

Equations

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@[reducible, inline]

abbrev Fragments.Spanish.Gender.SpanishNoun.gender (n : SpanishNoun) : Features.SurfaceGender

Surface gender alias for ergonomic consumer access.

Equations

• n.gender = n.attestedGender

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.hombre : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.hombre = { form := "hombre", gloss := "man", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.mujer : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.mujer = { form := "mujer", gloss := "woman", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.niño : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.niño = { form := "niño", gloss := "boy", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.niña : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.niña = { form := "niña", gloss := "girl", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.rey : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.rey = { form := "rey", gloss := "king", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.reina : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.reina = { form := "reina", gloss := "queen", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.gato : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.gato = { form := "gato", gloss := "cat.M", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.gata : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.gata = { form := "gata", gloss := "cat.F", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.mesa : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.mesa = { form := "mesa", gloss := "table", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := false }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.silla : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.silla = { form := "silla", gloss := "chair", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := false }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.casa : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.casa = { form := "casa", gloss := "house", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := false }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.puerta : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.puerta = { form := "puerta", gloss := "door", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := false }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.ventana : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.ventana = { form := "ventana", gloss := "window", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := false }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.cama : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.cama = { form := "cama", gloss := "bed", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := false }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.persona : SpanishNoun

persona 'person': common-gender noun (@cite{butt-benjamin-2019} §1.2.11) — feminine regardless of referent's sex. The famous @cite{kramer-2015} §6.2 exception: human-denoting noun with structurally arbitrary feminine gender. isNaturalGender = false captures that the gender does NOT come from biological sex (even though referent is human).

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.persona = { form := "persona", gloss := "person", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := false }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.libro : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.libro = { form := "libro", gloss := "book", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := false }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.zapato : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.zapato = { form := "zapato", gloss := "shoe", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := false }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.coche : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.coche = { form := "coche", gloss := "car", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := false }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.árbol : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.árbol = { form := "árbol", gloss := "tree", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := false }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.cielo : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.cielo = { form := "cielo", gloss := "sky", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := false }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.vaso : SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.vaso = { form := "vaso", gloss := "glass", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := false }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.ángel : SpanishNoun

ángel 'angel': common-gender noun (@cite{butt-benjamin-2019} §1.2.11) — masculine for any sex. Companion to persona: the masculine fixed-gender exception. isNaturalGender = false.

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.ángel = { form := "ángel", gloss := "angel", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := false }

structure Fragments.Spanish.Gender.SameRootEntry : Type

Same-root nominals: a single root that surfaces as either masculine or feminine depending on the referent's sex. Empirically polymorphic in gender (one form, two genders), distinct from the atomic SpanishNoun schema. The DM analysis (combination with i[+FEM] vs i[−FEM]) lives in Studies/Kramer2020.lean.

• form : String
• gloss : String

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instDecidableEqSameRootEntry.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : SameRootEntry) : Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)

Equations

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@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instDecidableEqSameRootEntry : DecidableEq SameRootEntry

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instDecidableEqSameRootEntry = Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instDecidableEqSameRootEntry.decEq

@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instReprSameRootEntry : Repr SameRootEntry

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instReprSameRootEntry = { reprPrec := Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instReprSameRootEntry.repr }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.instReprSameRootEntry.repr : SameRootEntry → ℕ → Std.Format

Equations

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def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.soldado : SameRootEntry

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.soldado = { form := "soldado", gloss := "soldier" }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.estudiante : SameRootEntry

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.estudiante = { form := "estudiante", gloss := "student" }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.artista : SameRootEntry

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.artista = { form := "artista", gloss := "artist" }

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.naturalFemNouns : List SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.naturalFemNouns = [Fragments.Spanish.Gender.mujer, Fragments.Spanish.Gender.niña, Fragments.Spanish.Gender.reina, Fragments.Spanish.Gender.gata]

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.naturalMascNouns : List SpanishNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.naturalMascNouns = [Fragments.Spanish.Gender.hombre, Fragments.Spanish.Gender.niño, Fragments.Spanish.Gender.rey, Fragments.Spanish.Gender.gato]

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.arbitraryFemNouns : List SpanishNoun

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def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.defaultMascNouns : List SpanishNoun

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def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.allNouns : List SpanishNoun

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.sameRootNouns : List SameRootEntry

Equations

• Fragments.Spanish.Gender.sameRootNouns = [Fragments.Spanish.Gender.soldado, Fragments.Spanish.Gender.estudiante, Fragments.Spanish.Gender.artista]

def Fragments.Spanish.Gender.genderTypology : Typology.Gender.GenderProfile

Spanish gender typology: 2-gender canonical sex-based.

Equations

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