Somali noun gender

Somali has two genders, masculine and feminine, shown on the definite article and on the verb. The remote definite article is polar: the masculine singular and the feminine plural take -kii, the feminine singular and the masculine plural -tii, so that changing gender or number alone changes the article and changing both restores it. The verbal prefix is not: y- for the masculine singular and for both plurals, t- for the feminine singular alone. Masculine nouns with a reduplicated plural, nin ~ niman 'man', keep the singular article in the plural ([saeed-1999]; [Cor98]).

References

• [J. Saeed, Somali (1999)][saeed-1999]
• G. G. Corbett, Morphology and agreement (1998)

inductive Somali.Gender.Value : Type

The two controller genders.

• masc : Value
• fem : Value

@[instance_reducible]

instance Somali.Gender.instDecidableEqValue : DecidableEq Value

Equations

• Somali.Gender.instDecidableEqValue x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

def Somali.Gender.instReprValue.repr : Value → ℕ → Std.Format

Equations

• Somali.Gender.instReprValue.repr Somali.Gender.Value.masc prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Somali.Gender.Value.masc")).group prec✝
• Somali.Gender.instReprValue.repr Somali.Gender.Value.fem prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Somali.Gender.Value.fem")).group prec✝

@[instance_reducible]

instance Somali.Gender.instReprValue : Repr Value

Equations

• Somali.Gender.instReprValue = { reprPrec := Somali.Gender.instReprValue.repr }

@[instance_reducible]

instance Somali.Gender.instFintypeValue : Fintype Value

Equations

• Somali.Gender.instFintypeValue = { elems := { val := ↑Somali.Gender.Value.enumList, nodup := Somali.Gender.Value.enumList_nodup }, complete := Somali.Gender.instFintypeValue._proof_1 }

inductive Somali.Gender.Article : Type

The basic forms of the remote definite article; after a vowel other than i, -kii is -hii, and after any vowel -tii is -dii.

• kii : Article
• tii : Article

@[instance_reducible]

instance Somali.Gender.instDecidableEqArticle : DecidableEq Article

Equations

• Somali.Gender.instDecidableEqArticle x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

def Somali.Gender.instReprArticle.repr : Article → ℕ → Std.Format

Equations

• Somali.Gender.instReprArticle.repr Somali.Gender.Article.kii prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Somali.Gender.Article.kii")).group prec✝
• Somali.Gender.instReprArticle.repr Somali.Gender.Article.tii prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Somali.Gender.Article.tii")).group prec✝

@[instance_reducible]

instance Somali.Gender.instReprArticle : Repr Article

Equations

• Somali.Gender.instReprArticle = { reprPrec := Somali.Gender.instReprArticle.repr }

@[instance_reducible]

instance Somali.Gender.instFintypeArticle : Fintype Article

Equations

• Somali.Gender.instFintypeArticle = { elems := { val := ↑Somali.Gender.Article.enumList, nodup := Somali.Gender.Article.enumList_nodup }, complete := Somali.Gender.instFintypeArticle._proof_1 }

def Somali.Gender.Value.article : Value → Bool → Article

The article by gender and number.

Equations

• Somali.Gender.Value.masc.article false = Somali.Gender.Article.kii
• Somali.Gender.Value.fem.article true = Somali.Gender.Article.kii
• Somali.Gender.Value.fem.article false = Somali.Gender.Article.tii
• Somali.Gender.Value.masc.article true = Somali.Gender.Article.tii

inductive Somali.Gender.VerbPrefix : Type

The third-person subject prefix of the verb.

• y : VerbPrefix
• t : VerbPrefix

@[instance_reducible]

instance Somali.Gender.instDecidableEqVerbPrefix : DecidableEq VerbPrefix

Equations

• Somali.Gender.instDecidableEqVerbPrefix x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

def Somali.Gender.instReprVerbPrefix.repr : VerbPrefix → ℕ → Std.Format

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

@[instance_reducible]

instance Somali.Gender.instReprVerbPrefix : Repr VerbPrefix

Equations

• Somali.Gender.instReprVerbPrefix = { reprPrec := Somali.Gender.instReprVerbPrefix.repr }

@[instance_reducible]

instance Somali.Gender.instFintypeVerbPrefix : Fintype VerbPrefix

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Somali.Gender.Value.verbPrefix : Value → Bool → VerbPrefix

The verbal prefix by gender and number.

Equations

• Somali.Gender.Value.fem.verbPrefix false = Somali.Gender.VerbPrefix.t
• x✝¹.verbPrefix x✝ = Somali.Gender.VerbPrefix.y

structure Somali.Gender.Nounextends GenderedNoun Somali.Gender.Value : Type

A Somali noun with its gender, its plural stem, and whether that plural is reduplicated.

• form : String
• gloss : String
• gender : Somali.Gender.Value
• isNaturalGender : Bool
• plural : String

  The plural stem.

• reduplicatedPlural : Bool

  Whether the plural is formed by reduplication, keeping the singular article.

def Somali.Gender.instDecidableEqNoun.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : Noun) : Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

@[instance_reducible]

instance Somali.Gender.instDecidableEqNoun : DecidableEq Noun

Equations

• Somali.Gender.instDecidableEqNoun = Somali.Gender.instDecidableEqNoun.decEq

def Somali.Gender.instReprNoun.repr : Noun → ℕ → Std.Format

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

@[instance_reducible]

instance Somali.Gender.instReprNoun : Repr Noun

Equations

• Somali.Gender.instReprNoun = { reprPrec := Somali.Gender.instReprNoun.repr }

def Somali.Gender.Noun.article (n : Noun) (plural : Bool) : Article

The article a noun takes in each number; a reduplicated plural keeps the singular's.

Equations

• n.article plural = n.gender.article (plural && !n.reduplicatedPlural)

def Somali.Gender.inan : Noun

ìnan 'boy'.

Equations

• Somali.Gender.inan = { form := "ìnan", gloss := "boy", gender := Somali.Gender.Value.masc, isNaturalGender := true, plural := "inammá", reduplicatedPlural := false }

def Somali.Gender.inan' : Noun

inán 'girl'.

Equations

• Somali.Gender.inan' = { form := "inán", gloss := "girl", gender := Somali.Gender.Value.fem, isNaturalGender := true, plural := "ináma", reduplicatedPlural := false }

def Somali.Gender.nin : Noun

nin 'man', with the reduplicated plural niman.

Equations

• Somali.Gender.nin = { form := "nin", gloss := "man", gender := Somali.Gender.Value.masc, isNaturalGender := true, plural := "niman", reduplicatedPlural := true }

def Somali.Gender.allNouns : List Noun

The nouns the sources cite.

Equations

• Somali.Gender.allNouns = [Somali.Gender.inan, Somali.Gender.inan', Somali.Gender.nin]

theorem Somali.Gender.faithful_article : Function.Injective fun (x : Value) => x.article false

The singular article alone distinguishes the two genders.