Russian Noun Gender

@cite{wade-2020} @cite{corbett-1991} @cite{kramer-2020} @cite{kramer-2015}

Russian has three surface genders: masculine, feminine, neuter. Gender is partly determined by the referent's biological sex (semantic core) and partly by morphological declension class.

Theory-neutral data layer

The Fragment carries empirical fields per entry:

• attestedGender : SurfaceGender — the agreement-trigger fact (verified against @cite{wade-2020}). Three values for Russian: masculine, feminine, neuter.
• isNaturalGender : Bool — whether the gender comes from the referent's biological sex.
• declClass : Option DeclClass — Russian-specific morphological classification (@cite{wade-2020}). Optional because semantic-core nouns get their gender from the referent, not morphology.

These fields suffice to project entries to @cite{kramer-2015} Ch. 7's 5-n DM analysis (projection in Studies/Kramer2020.lean); they also support @cite{corbett-1991}'s controller-target classification directly.

Hybrid nouns

vrač 'doctor' triggers feminine agreement on some targets (verb, predicate adjective) when the referent is female, while retaining masculine morphology (@cite{wade-2020}, e.g. "Врач обязана..." with fem.-agreeing predicate; @cite{corbett-1991}). The Fragment encodes vrač's morphological gender (masculine, derived from Class I); the hybrid agreement story lives in Studies/Kramer2020.lean §7 via the existing russianVrac : HybridNoun struct.

Per-entry verification

Entries explicitly named in @cite{kramer-2015}: otec, put', vrač. All others are extrapolations from Kramer's framework, anchored on @cite{wade-2020}'s declension and gender treatment + @cite{corbett-1991}'s canonical 5-language sample. kost' (Class III feminine) verified at Wade ≈ noun-declension tables; put' (Class III masculine, sole exception) verified at Wade §6397; znamja (-мя neuter) is the textbook Class III neuter group.

inductive Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.DeclClass : Type

Russian declension classes. Gender correlates with class but neither fully determines the other (@cite{corbett-1991}; @cite{kramer-2020} §2.3.2).

• I : DeclClass
• II : DeclClass
• III : DeclClass
• IV : DeclClass

@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instDecidableEqDeclClass : DecidableEq DeclClass

Equations

• Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instDecidableEqDeclClass x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instReprDeclClass : Repr DeclClass

Equations

• Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instReprDeclClass = { reprPrec := Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instReprDeclClass.repr }

def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instReprDeclClass.repr : DeclClass → ℕ → Std.Format

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structure Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.RussianNoun : Type

A Russian noun. Empirical agreement-gender + natural-gender + optional declension class. No commitment to any specific theoretical framework — Kramer's DM categorizing head, Corbett's controller-target are projections in Studies/.

• form : String
• gloss : String
• attestedGender : Features.SurfaceGender

  Empirical agreement-trigger fact (@cite{wade-2020}).

• isNaturalGender : Bool

  True iff the gender comes from biological sex of the referent. For vrač 'doctor' (hybrid) the morphological gender is encoded here as masculine; the hybrid female-referent agreement lives in Studies/Kramer2020.lean §7.

• declClass : Option DeclClass

  Optional declension class. Semantic-core nouns may omit since their gender is determined by the referent.

@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instDecidableEqRussianNoun : DecidableEq RussianNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instDecidableEqRussianNoun = Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instDecidableEqRussianNoun.decEq

def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instDecidableEqRussianNoun.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : RussianNoun) : Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)

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def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instReprRussianNoun.repr : RussianNoun → ℕ → Std.Format

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@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instReprRussianNoun : Repr RussianNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instReprRussianNoun = { reprPrec := Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.instReprRussianNoun.repr }

@[reducible, inline]

abbrev Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.RussianNoun.gender (n : RussianNoun) : Features.SurfaceGender

Equations

• n.gender = n.attestedGender

def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.otec : RussianNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.otec = { form := "otec", gloss := "father", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.mat' : RussianNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.mat' = { form := "mat'", gloss := "mother", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.brat : RussianNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.brat = { form := "brat", gloss := "brother", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.sestra : RussianNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.sestra = { form := "sestra", gloss := "sister", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.byk : RussianNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.byk = { form := "byk", gloss := "bull", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.masculine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.korova : RussianNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.korova = { form := "korova", gloss := "cow", attestedGender := Features.SurfaceGender.feminine, isNaturalGender := true }

def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.zakon : RussianNoun

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def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.škola : RussianNoun

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def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.kost' : RussianNoun

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def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.vino : RussianNoun

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def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.znamja : RussianNoun

znamja 'banner': Class III but neuter, not feminine (the -мя neuter group; @cite{corbett-1991}; @cite{kramer-2020} ex. 19a).

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def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.put' : RussianNoun

put' 'way': the only masculine noun in Class III (@cite{wade-2020} §6397: "путь is qualified by masculine adjectives"; @cite{corbett-1991}; @cite{kramer-2020} ex. 19b).

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def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.vrač : RussianNoun

vrač 'doctor': morphologically masculine (Class I), but triggers feminine agreement on some targets when the referent is female (verified at @cite{wade-2020} "Врач обязана…" with feminine-agreeing predicate). The Fragment encodes morphological gender; the hybrid behavior is captured in Studies/Kramer2020.lean §7.

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def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.semanticCoreNouns : List RussianNoun

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def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.remainderNouns : List RussianNoun

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def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.allNouns : List RussianNoun

Equations

• Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.allNouns = Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.semanticCoreNouns ++ Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.remainderNouns ++ [Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.vrač]

theorem Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.declClass_ne_gender : znamja.declClass = kost'.declClass ∧ znamja.attestedGender ≠ kost'.attestedGender

Declension class does not determine gender: znamja and kost' share Class III but differ in surface gender (the Class III counter-correlation @cite{corbett-1991} highlights). Stated directly over attestedGender (no DM intermediary).

def Fragments.Slavic.Russian.Gender.genderTypology : Typology.Gender.GenderProfile

Russian gender typology: 3-gender canonical sex-based with verb agreement (past tense). The declension classes above (I/II/III/IV) plus the §8 declClass_ne_gender theorem are the Class-vs-Gender independence evidence behind the WALS Ch 32 semanticAndFormal value.

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