Cassubian Case Inventory #
@cite{stone-1993-cassubian} @cite{blake-1994}
Per @cite{stone-1993-cassubian} (p. 769): "The seven cases are the same as in Polish, but the tendency for the nominative to replace the vocative is greater than in Polish. The locative never occurs without a preposition, and there is a strong tendency for the instrumental to acquire the preposition z(s)/ze(se) 'with', when used with its basic function as an expression of instrument (but not in the complement of the copula)."
Cassubian thus patterns with Polish, Czech, Serbo-Croat, and
Ukrainian as 7-case with productive (but eroding) VOC.
caseInventory aliases the shared 6-case core; the +VOC form is
Slavic.Case.sevenCaseInventory. The exception clause "but not in the
complement of the copula" confirms the cross-Slavic generalization
that bare predicative INST survives — Slovene/Sorbian are the marked
outliers in losing it.