French negation

French negates a clause with the proclitic ne before the finite verb and pas after it: jean vient 'Jean comes', jean ne vient pas 'Jean does not come'. Nothing else in the clause changes. Ne is regularly dropped in colloquial speech, leaving pas as the only negator. On its own, without pas, ne occurs expletively under avoir peur 'fear', avant que 'before', à moins que 'unless' and other triggers; the examples of Jin and Koenig are the rows of Data.Examples.JinKoenig2021. Miestamo's examples are rows of Data.Examples.Miestamo2005.

References

• [Mie05]
• [JK21]

def French.Negation.nePas : Negation.Marker

ne … pas, the standard negator.

Equations

• French.Negation.nePas = { pieces := [[Morphology.Morph.procl "ne"], [Morphology.Morph.free "pas"]] }

def French.Negation.ne : Negation.Marker

ne alone, the expletive negator.

Equations

• French.Negation.ne = { pieces := [[Morphology.Morph.procl "ne"]] }

def French.Negation.standard : List Negation.Marker

The standard negators.

Equations

• French.Negation.standard = [French.Negation.nePas]