Punjabi pronouns

Personal pronouns of Punjabi: a two-level honorific contrast in the second person (tũ / tusii, the latter also the plural) and the demonstrative uh for both third-person numbers. Punjabi has allocutive agreement with third-person subjects only ([AB26], after Kaur 2020); its marker forms are not recorded here.

References

• D. Alok and O. Bhalla, Allocutivity and the Syntax of Honorifics (2026)

inductive Punjabi.Grade : Type

The honorific grades of Punjabi pronouns, lowest first.

• nonhonorific : Grade

  The nonhonorific grade, tũ.

• honorific : Grade

  The honorific grade, tusii.

@[instance_reducible]

instance Punjabi.instDecidableEqGrade : DecidableEq Grade

Equations

• Punjabi.instDecidableEqGrade x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

@[instance_reducible]

instance Punjabi.instFintypeGrade : Fintype Grade

Equations

• Punjabi.instFintypeGrade = { elems := { val := ↑Punjabi.Grade.enumList, nodup := Punjabi.Grade.enumList_nodup }, complete := Punjabi.instFintypeGrade._proof_1 }

@[instance_reducible]

instance Punjabi.instReprGrade : Repr Grade

Equations

• Punjabi.instReprGrade = { reprPrec := Punjabi.instReprGrade.repr }

def Punjabi.instReprGrade.repr : Grade → ℕ → Std.Format

Equations

• Punjabi.instReprGrade.repr Punjabi.Grade.nonhonorific prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Punjabi.Grade.nonhonorific")).group prec✝
• Punjabi.instReprGrade.repr Punjabi.Grade.honorific prec✝ = Repr.addAppParen (Std.Format.nest (if prec✝ ≥ 1024 then 1 else 2) (Std.Format.text "Punjabi.Grade.honorific")).group prec✝

@[instance_reducible]

instance Punjabi.instLinearOrderGrade : LinearOrder Grade

Equations

• Punjabi.instLinearOrderGrade = LinearOrder.lift' Punjabi.Grade.ctorIdx Punjabi.instLinearOrderGrade._proof_1

def Punjabi.Pronouns.maiN : PersonalPronoun

maiṃ — 1sg.

Equations

• Punjabi.Pronouns.maiN = { form := "maiṃ", person := some Person.first, number := some Number.singular }

def Punjabi.Pronouns.asiiN : PersonalPronoun

asiiṃ — 1pl.

Equations

• Punjabi.Pronouns.asiiN = { form := "asiiṃ", person := some Person.first, number := some Number.plural }

def Punjabi.Pronouns.tuN : PersonalPronoun

tũ — 2sg nonhonorific.

Equations

• Punjabi.Pronouns.tuN = { form := "tũ", person := some Person.second, number := some Number.singular }

def Punjabi.Pronouns.tusii : PersonalPronoun

tusii — 2sg honorific, also 2pl.

Equations

• Punjabi.Pronouns.tusii = { form := "tusii", person := some Person.second, number := some Number.singular }

def Punjabi.Pronouns.uhSg : PersonalPronoun

uh — 3sg, the distal demonstrative.

Equations

• Punjabi.Pronouns.uhSg = { form := "uh", person := some Person.third, number := some Number.singular }

def Punjabi.Pronouns.uhPl : PersonalPronoun

uh — 3pl, the same form.

Equations

• Punjabi.Pronouns.uhPl = { form := "uh", person := some Person.third, number := some Number.plural }

def Punjabi.Pronouns.addressee : Grade → PersonalPronoun

The second person singular at each grade.

Equations

• Punjabi.Pronouns.addressee Punjabi.Grade.nonhonorific = Punjabi.Pronouns.tuN
• Punjabi.Pronouns.addressee Punjabi.Grade.honorific = Punjabi.Pronouns.tusii

def Punjabi.Pronouns.pronouns : Finset PersonalPronoun

The pronoun inventory.

Equations

• Punjabi.Pronouns.pronouns = {Punjabi.Pronouns.maiN, Punjabi.Pronouns.asiiN, Punjabi.Pronouns.tuN, Punjabi.Pronouns.tusii, Punjabi.Pronouns.uhSg, Punjabi.Pronouns.uhPl}