Ndebele phonemes

This file lists the phonemes of Northern Ndebele that the agreement prefixes are built from and gives each its segment. The language has the five vowels /i e a o u/ of the Nguni group; of its consonants only /s/ and /l/ are here. The feature values of a phoneme are not listed. Each phoneme names its glyph in the PHOIBLE chart, and its segment is the segment of that chart entry.

Main definitions

• Ndebele.a, Ndebele.s and the like: the phonemes, as segments of their chart entries.
• Ndebele.inventory: the set of them.

Main results

• Ndebele.subset_nde: the phonemes are segments of PHOIBLE's Ndebele inventory.
• Ndebele.isVowel_iff: the five vowels are the vowels.

Implementation notes

PHOIBLE's inventory writes the low vowel ɑ, and that is the chart entry taken here.

TODO

• The remaining consonants of the inventory, the clicks and the prenasalized series among them.

References

• [MMcC19]

Phonemes

def Ndebele.i : Phonology.Segment

The high front vowel /i/.

Equations

• Ndebele.i = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.i

def Ndebele.e : Phonology.Segment

The mid front vowel /e/.

Equations

• Ndebele.e = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.e

def Ndebele.a : Phonology.Segment

The low vowel /a/, the glyph ɑ of the Ndebele inventory.

Equations

• Ndebele.a = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.«ɑ»

def Ndebele.o : Phonology.Segment

The mid back rounded vowel /o/.

Equations

• Ndebele.o = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.o

def Ndebele.u : Phonology.Segment

The high back rounded vowel /u/.

Equations

• Ndebele.u = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.u

def Ndebele.s : Phonology.Segment

The voiceless alveolar fricative /s/.

Equations

• Ndebele.s = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.s

def Ndebele.l : Phonology.Segment

The lateral /l/.

Equations

• Ndebele.l = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.l

def Ndebele.inventory : Finset Phonology.Segment

The Ndebele phonemes of the agreement prefixes, pairwise distinct.

Equations

• Ndebele.inventory = { val := ↑[Ndebele.i, Ndebele.e, Ndebele.a, Ndebele.o, Ndebele.u, Ndebele.s, Ndebele.l], nodup := Ndebele.inventory._proof_1 }

theorem Ndebele.subset_nde : inventory ⊆ Data.PHOIBLE.Inventories.Ndebele.nde.segments

The phonemes are segments of PHOIBLE's Ndebele inventory.

theorem Ndebele.isVowel_iff (x : Phonology.Segment) : x ∈ inventory → (x.IsVowel ↔ x ∈ {i, e, Ndebele.a, o, u})