Yukatek Maya Derivational Operator Inventory

@cite{lucy-1994} @cite{bohnemeyer-2004} @cite{beavers-koontz-garboden-2020}

The four derivational suffixes that determine Yukatek root salience classes (@cite{lucy-1994}). The first three are transitivisers, used diagnostically to identify a root's salience profile; the fourth (-tal, allomorph -lah) is the positional inchoative that carves out a separate class of stative roots.

@cite{lucy-1994} characterises the diagnostic by which of =t, =∅, or =s is required to form a transitive stem from an underived root:

Required suffix	Lucy's class	Lexical content of root
=t (AFCT)	agent-salient	activity / manner-of-action; one (agent) argument salient
=∅ (root)	agent-patient salient	both arguments already salient → transitive without deriv.
=s (CAUS)	patient-salient	spontaneous state change; one (patient) argument salient

This translates directly into B&K-G feature conditions: agent-salient roots have manner without result; agent-patient salient roots have both manner and result; patient-salient roots have result without manner. Spelt out structurally below.

def Fragments.Mayan.Yukatek.Operators.affectiveT : Morphology.Derivation.DerivOp

Affective =t: forms a transitive stem from an agent-salient root by adding a patient argument. Per @cite{lucy-1994}, applies to roots whose underived form is intransitive and refers to "actions or activities that some entity undertakes" — manner without inherent result.

Equations

• Fragments.Mayan.Yukatek.Operators.affectiveT = { name := "=t", applies := Semantics.Lexical.Roots.Root.IsAgentSalient, decApplies := inferInstance }

def Fragments.Mayan.Yukatek.Operators.zeroDeriv : Morphology.Derivation.DerivOp

Zero derivation =∅: signals that the root is already lexically transitive — both an agent and a patient are salient in the underived form. Per @cite{lucy-1994}, these roots "refer to events involving the action of one entity on another", so the root must encode both manner (the action) and result (its effect).

Equations

• Fragments.Mayan.Yukatek.Operators.zeroDeriv = { name := "=∅", applies := Semantics.Lexical.Roots.Root.IsAgentPatientSalient, decApplies := inferInstance }

def Fragments.Mayan.Yukatek.Operators.causativeS : Morphology.Derivation.DerivOp

Causative =s: forms a transitive stem from a patient-salient root by adding an agent argument. Per @cite{lucy-1994}, applies to roots whose underived form is intransitive and refers to "state changes that some entity undergoes more or less spontaneously" — result without specified manner.

Equations

• Fragments.Mayan.Yukatek.Operators.causativeS = { name := "=s", applies := Semantics.Lexical.Roots.Root.IsPatientSalient, decApplies := inferInstance }

def Fragments.Mayan.Yukatek.Operators.positionalTal : Morphology.Derivation.DerivOp

Positional inchoative -tal (allomorph -lah): forms a positional stem from a positional root (a stative root denoting orientation, posture, or configuration). Per @cite{lucy-1994}, applies to roots that "denote relational states and assume two arguments that are in the relation" — encoded here as a pure stative root with no manner, result, or cause atoms.

Equations

• Fragments.Mayan.Yukatek.Operators.positionalTal = { name := "-tal", applies := Semantics.Lexical.Roots.Root.IsPositional, decApplies := inferInstance }

def Fragments.Mayan.Yukatek.Operators.inventory : Morphology.Derivation.Inventory

@cite{lucy-1994}'s diagnostic transitiviser inventory. Order is chosen to match the presentation in @cite{lucy-1994} ex. (1): =t, =∅, =s, with the positional inchoative appended.

Equations

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