Yukatek Maya Derivational Operator Inventory

The four derivational suffixes that determine Yukatek root salience classes ([Luc94]). The first three (=t, =∅, =s) are transitivisers, used diagnostically to identify a root's salience profile; the fourth (-tal, allomorph -lah) is the positional inchoative that carves out a separate class of stative roots.

Main declarations

• Yukatek.Operators.affectiveT, zeroDeriv, causativeS, positionalTal: the four derivational operators.
• Yukatek.Operators.inventory: [Luc94]'s diagnostic transitiviser inventory.

Implementation notes

[Luc94] characterises the diagnostic by which of =t, =∅, or =s is required to form a transitive stem from an underived root:

Required suffix	Lucy's class	Lexical content of root
=t (AFCT)	agent-salient	activity / manner-of-action; one (agent) argument salient
=∅ (root)	agent-patient salient	lexically transitive ("require two arguments")
=s (CAUS)	patient-salient	spontaneous state change; one (patient) argument salient

The structural conditions range over B&K-G kind signature × Coon arity ([BKG20]): zero derivation tracks root transitivity (Root.Arity.selectsTheme); the two intransitive transitivisers split by signature (manner vs result). Each condition is the corresponding named predicate of Roots/SalienceClass.lean applied to the root's signature and the fragment's arity assignment, so operator applicability matches predicted salience by construction. The salience classes these suffixes diagnose interface with [Boh04]'s Yukatek stem classes (VerbClasses.lean).

The four operators

def Yukatek.Operators.affectiveT : Morphology.Derivation.DerivOp

Affective =t: forms a transitive stem from an agent-salient root by adding a patient argument. Per [Luc94], applies to roots whose underived form is intransitive and refers to "actions or activities that some entity undertakes" — manner without inherent result.

Equations

• Yukatek.Operators.affectiveT = { name := "=t", applies := fun (r : Verb.Root) => Verb.IsAgentSalient r.kinds (Yukatek.Roots.arity r), decApplies := inferInstance }

def Yukatek.Operators.zeroDeriv : Morphology.Derivation.DerivOp

Zero derivation =∅: signals that the root is already lexically transitive — it "require[s] two arguments and refer[s] to events involving the action of one entity on another" ([Luc94]). The condition is root transitivity (Root.Arity.selectsTheme), not any feature configuration: root transitives like p'is 'measure' entail no change of state.

Equations

• Yukatek.Operators.zeroDeriv = { name := "=∅", applies := fun (r : Verb.Root) => Verb.IsAgentPatientSalient (Yukatek.Roots.arity r), decApplies := inferInstance }

def Yukatek.Operators.causativeS : Morphology.Derivation.DerivOp

Causative =s: forms a transitive stem from a patient-salient root by adding an agent argument. Per [Luc94], applies to roots whose underived form is intransitive and refers to "state changes that some entity undergoes more or less spontaneously" — result without specified manner.

Equations

• Yukatek.Operators.causativeS = { name := "=s", applies := fun (r : Verb.Root) => Verb.IsPatientSalient r.kinds (Yukatek.Roots.arity r), decApplies := inferInstance }

def Yukatek.Operators.positionalTal : Morphology.Derivation.DerivOp

Positional inchoative -tal (allomorph -lah): forms a positional stem from a positional root (a stative root denoting orientation, posture, or configuration). Per [Luc94], applies to roots that "denote relational states and assume two arguments that are in the relation" — encoded here as a pure stative root with no manner, result, or cause atoms.

Equations

• Yukatek.Operators.positionalTal = { name := "-tal", applies := fun (r : Verb.Root) => Verb.IsPositional r.kinds (Yukatek.Roots.arity r), decApplies := inferInstance }

The inventory

def Yukatek.Operators.inventory : Morphology.Derivation.Inventory

[Luc94]'s diagnostic transitiviser inventory. Order is chosen to match the presentation in [Luc94] ex. (1): =t, =∅, =s, with the positional inchoative appended.

Equations

• Yukatek.Operators.inventory = [Yukatek.Operators.affectiveT, Yukatek.Operators.zeroDeriv, Yukatek.Operators.causativeS, Yukatek.Operators.positionalTal]