Documentation

Linglib.Fragments.Mayan.Kaqchikel.Extraction

Kaqchikel extraction marking #

Kaqchikel (K'ichean Mayan), in the Patzún variety Erlewine describes, marks the Ā-extraction of a transitive subject with Agent Focus, a voice that keeps both arguments but drops Set A and adds a suffix: -n on a stem ending in a vowel or in -j, which it replaces, and -ö otherwise. Object and intransitive-subject extraction never trigger it, long-distance subject extraction triggers it on the embedded verb alone, material between the extracted subject and the verb obviates it, and when both arguments are first or second person the full transitive appears instead. In the elicited production of Heaton, Deen and O'Grady, subject relative clauses mostly keep the transitive verb with Set A, while the subject questions of speakers over thirty take Agent Focus or the antipassive. Extraction of a recipient, a phrase with a relational noun, or of a locative, instrument or benefactive phrase may add the fronting particle wi to the verbal complex, optionally in this variety and with benefactives, which some varieties exclude; reasons and temporals never license it, and manners and purposes are unattested with it.

Main declarations #

Implementation notes #

realize records the Patzún judgments: extraction to the position immediately above the clause, nothing intervening. The obviation by intervening material is the competition of Studies/Erlewine2016.lean.

References #

source
def Kaqchikel.agentFocus :
Mayan.VerbClass → Voice

Agent Focus keeps both core terms, as the active does, and is coded by -n on a derived verb, whose stem ends in a vowel or in the -j the suffix replaces, and by -ö on a radical one ([Erl16] fn. 24).

Equations
Instances For
    source
    def Kaqchikel.Extraction.wi :
    Morphology.Morph

    The fronting particle wi.

    Equations
    Instances For
      source
      def Kaqchikel.Extraction.realize (c : Mayan.VerbClass) (agent patient : Person) :
      Mayan.ExtractionSite → Finset (Reflex Mayan.Host)

      Extraction of a transitive subject switches the verb to Agent Focus unless both arguments are speech-act participants ([Erl16]); extraction of a recipient or of a locative, instrument or benefactive phrase licenses wi on the verbal complex ([MR21b]); nothing else is marked.

      Equations
      Instances For
        source
        theorem Kaqchikel.Extraction.agentFocus_mem_realize_iff (c : Mayan.VerbClass) (agent patient : Person) (s : Mayan.ExtractionSite) :
        Reflex.morpheme Mayan.Host.verb (agentFocus c).marker ∈ realize c agent patient s ↔ s = Mayan.ExtractionSite.argument ArgumentRole.A ∧ ¬(agent.IsSAP ∧ patient.IsSAP)

        Agent Focus marks the extraction of a transitive subject unless both arguments are speech-act participants, and nothing else.