Latin Adjective Degree Forms

[Bob12]

Latin comparative and superlative morphology, used for cross-linguistic verification of [Bob12]'s *ABA constraint and pattern inventory. Latin adjectives instantiate the general Adjective object (Syntax/Adjective/Basic.lean), carrying their morphology in the comparison facet; the data here is purely morphological (no scale dimension).

Latin exhibits all three attested degree suppletion patterns:

• AAA: regular (longus – longior – longissimus)
• ABB: suppletive CMPR+SPRL sharing a root (magnus – maior – maximus)
• ABC: three distinct roots (bonus – melior – optimus)

No Latin adjective shows an *ABA pattern.

def Latin.Adjectives.longus : Adjective

longus – longior – longissimus ('long'): regular synthetic comparative and superlative with productive suffixes -ior/-issimus.

Equations

• Latin.Adjectives.longus = { form := "longus", comparison := { formComp := some "longior", formSuper := some "longissimus", suppletion := Morphology.DegreeContainment.aaa } }

def Latin.Adjectives.altus : Adjective

altus – altior – altissimus ('tall/high/deep'): regular.

Equations

• Latin.Adjectives.altus = { form := "altus", comparison := { formComp := some "altior", formSuper := some "altissimus", suppletion := Morphology.DegreeContainment.aaa } }

def Latin.Adjectives.fortis : Adjective

fortis – fortior – fortissimus ('brave/strong'): regular.

Equations

• Latin.Adjectives.fortis = { form := "fortis", comparison := { formComp := some "fortior", formSuper := some "fortissimus", suppletion := Morphology.DegreeContainment.aaa } }

def Latin.Adjectives.bonus : Adjective

bonus – melior – optimus ('good – better – best'): three distinct roots (ABC), the paradigmatic ABC example ([Bob12]). Both grades suppletive.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Latin.Adjectives.malus : Adjective

malus – peior – pessimus ('bad – worse – worst'): three distinct roots (ABC).

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Latin.Adjectives.magnus : Adjective

magnus – maior – maximus ('great – greater – greatest'): ABB — the comparative and superlative share the suppletive root mai-/max-.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Latin.Adjectives.parvus : Adjective

parvus – minor – minimus ('small – smaller – smallest'): ABB, suppletive root min- shared across comparative and superlative.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Latin.Adjectives.allEntries : List Adjective

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

theorem Latin.Adjectives.latin_no_aba (e : Adjective) : e ∈ allEntries → e.suppletion.IsContiguous

All Latin entries satisfy contiguity (no *ABA).

theorem Latin.Adjectives.longus_aaa : longus.suppletion = Morphology.DegreeContainment.aaa

Regular entries derive AAA patterns.

theorem Latin.Adjectives.altus_aaa : altus.suppletion = Morphology.DegreeContainment.aaa

theorem Latin.Adjectives.fortis_aaa : fortis.suppletion = Morphology.DegreeContainment.aaa

theorem Latin.Adjectives.bonus_abc : bonus.suppletion = Morphology.DegreeContainment.abc

bonus/melior/optimus is ABC.

theorem Latin.Adjectives.malus_abc : malus.suppletion = Morphology.DegreeContainment.abc

malus/peior/pessimus is ABC.

theorem Latin.Adjectives.magnus_abb : magnus.suppletion = Morphology.DegreeContainment.abb

magnus/maior/maximus is ABB.

theorem Latin.Adjectives.parvus_abb : parvus.suppletion = Morphology.DegreeContainment.abb

parvus/minor/minimus is ABB.

theorem Latin.Adjectives.latin_has_aaa : (allEntries.any fun (e : Adjective) => e.suppletion == Morphology.DegreeContainment.aaa) = true

Latin has all three attested patterns: AAA, ABB, ABC.

theorem Latin.Adjectives.latin_has_abb : (allEntries.any fun (e : Adjective) => e.suppletion == Morphology.DegreeContainment.abb) = true

theorem Latin.Adjectives.latin_has_abc : (allEntries.any fun (e : Adjective) => e.suppletion == Morphology.DegreeContainment.abc) = true