Italian Tense Fragment

Paradigm entries for Italian tense forms following the TAMEEntry pattern from Fragments/English/Tense.lean.

Italian Tense System

Italian distinguishes five core indicative tenses:

Form	Label	EP	UP	Type
passato prossimo	present perfect	downstream	past	periphrastic
passato remoto	simple past	downstream	past	synthetic
imperfetto	imperfect	downstream	past	synthetic
presente	simple present	downstream	present	synthetic
futuro semplice	simple future	unconstrained	future	synthetic

The passato prossimo / passato remoto distinction is significant: both express past time reference, but they differ in morphological type (periphrastic vs synthetic) and, following [Lak70], in whether they allow false-tense interpretations.

Kratzer Decomposition

The passato prossimo (ho mangiato) parallels English present perfect: PRESENT tense + PERFECT aspect. The auxiliary avere/essere makes the PERF head morphologically transparent.

def Italian.Tense.passatoProssimo : Tense.Evidential.TAMEEntry

Italian passato prossimo (present perfect): ho mangiato 'I have eaten'. [Lak70] EP downstream (T ≤ A), UP past (T < S).

Equations

• Italian.Tense.passatoProssimo = { label := "passato prossimo", ep := Tense.Evidential.EPCondition.downstream, up := Tense.Evidential.UPCondition.past }

def Italian.Tense.passatoRemoto : Tense.Evidential.TAMEEntry

Italian passato remoto (simple past/preterite): mangiai 'I ate'. EP downstream (T ≤ A), UP past (T < S).

Equations

• Italian.Tense.passatoRemoto = { label := "passato remoto", ep := Tense.Evidential.EPCondition.downstream, up := Tense.Evidential.UPCondition.past }

def Italian.Tense.imperfetto : Tense.Evidential.TAMEEntry

Italian imperfetto (imperfect): mangiavo 'I was eating / I used to eat'. EP downstream (T ≤ A), UP past (T < S).

Equations

• Italian.Tense.imperfetto = { label := "imperfetto", ep := Tense.Evidential.EPCondition.downstream, up := Tense.Evidential.UPCondition.past }

def Italian.Tense.presente : Tense.Evidential.TAMEEntry

Italian presente (simple present): mangio 'I eat'. EP downstream (T ≤ A), UP present (T = S).

Equations

• Italian.Tense.presente = { label := "presente", ep := Tense.Evidential.EPCondition.downstream, up := Tense.Evidential.UPCondition.present }

def Italian.Tense.futuroSemplice : Tense.Evidential.TAMEEntry

Italian futuro semplice (simple future): mangerò 'I will eat'. EP unconstrained, UP future (S < T).

Equations

• Italian.Tense.futuroSemplice = { label := "futuro semplice", ep := Tense.Evidential.EPCondition.unconstrained, up := Tense.Evidential.UPCondition.future }

def Italian.Tense.allEntries : List Tense.Evidential.TAMEEntry

All Italian tense paradigm entries.

Equations

• Italian.Tense.allEntries = [Italian.Tense.passatoProssimo, Italian.Tense.passatoRemoto, Italian.Tense.imperfetto, Italian.Tense.presente, Italian.Tense.futuroSemplice]