Icelandic Verbs (Predicates fragment)

@cite{wood-2015}

Consensus lexical data for Icelandic verbs participating in the -st / -na alternations made famous by @cite{wood-2015}. Each entry carries only the surface forms and a Boolean for whether an active variant exists — every other piece of information about each verb (the -st classification, the anticausative-marking morpheme, the @cite{cuervo-2003}-style root decomposition, the possessive-dative diagnostic) is paper-specific apparatus and lives in Phenomena.ArgumentStructure.Studies.Wood2015, where it can participate in further analysis without polluting the Fragment schema.

This is the same discipline applied to other Fragment lexicons in linglib: textbook-consensus lexical data on this side; competing analyses on the Studies side.

Note on classification: the morphological reflex -st (historically sik → -sk → -st) realizes Voice across at least six descriptive categories that @cite{wood-2015} identifies — anticausative, middle, reflexive, inherent, subject-experiencer, reciprocal — plus -na-marked anticausatives like brotna. The -st / -na contrast and the parameters that distinguish these categories are formalized in the Wood2015 study file, not here.

structure Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.IcelandicStVerb : Type

A lexical entry for an Icelandic verb participating in the -st / -na alternation. Carries only consensus surface data.

• activeForm : Option String

  Active / bare form, if one exists. none for inherent -st verbs (nálgast, minnast) and the subject-experiencer leiðast.

• stForm : String

  The intransitive form: typically suffixed with -st, with -na on brotna and friends, or identical to the active when the alternation is unmarked.

• gloss : String

  English gloss for human readers.

• hasActiveVariant : Bool

  Whether an active variant exists (must agree with activeForm.isSome; the redundancy is a sanity check used by the consistency theorem below).

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.instReprIcelandicStVerb.repr : IcelandicStVerb → Nat → Std.Format

Equations

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@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.instReprIcelandicStVerb : Repr IcelandicStVerb

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.instReprIcelandicStVerb = { reprPrec := Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.instReprIcelandicStVerb.repr }

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.instBEqIcelandicStVerb.beq : IcelandicStVerb → IcelandicStVerb → Bool

Equations

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• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.instBEqIcelandicStVerb.beq x✝¹ x✝ = false

@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.instBEqIcelandicStVerb : BEq IcelandicStVerb

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.instBEqIcelandicStVerb = { beq := Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.instBEqIcelandicStVerb.beq }

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.instDecidableEqIcelandicStVerb.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : IcelandicStVerb) : Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)

Equations

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@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.instDecidableEqIcelandicStVerb : DecidableEq IcelandicStVerb

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.instDecidableEqIcelandicStVerb = Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.instDecidableEqIcelandicStVerb.decEq

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.opnast : IcelandicStVerb

opna / opnast 'open'.

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.opnast = { activeForm := some "opna", stForm := "opnast", gloss := "open", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.splundrast : IcelandicStVerb

splundra / splundrast 'shatter'.

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.splundrast = { activeForm := some "splundra", stForm := "splundrast", gloss := "shatter", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.brotna : IcelandicStVerb

brjóta / brotna 'break' — the canonical -na-marked anticausative (cf. opnast / splundrast with -st).

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.brotna = { activeForm := some "brjóta", stForm := "brotna", gloss := "break", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.seljast : IcelandicStVerb

selja / seljast 'sell'.

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.seljast = { activeForm := some "selja", stForm := "seljast", gloss := "sell", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.lesast : IcelandicStVerb

lesa / lesast 'read'.

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.lesast = { activeForm := some "lesa", stForm := "lesast", gloss := "read", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.badast : IcelandicStVerb

baða / baðast 'bathe'.

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.badast = { activeForm := some "baða", stForm := "baðast", gloss := "bathe", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.klaedast : IcelandicStVerb

klæða / klæðast 'dress'.

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.klaedast = { activeForm := some "klæða", stForm := "klæðast", gloss := "dress", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.nalgast : IcelandicStVerb

nálgast 'approach' — no active variant; -st is lexicalized.

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.nalgast = { activeForm := none, stForm := "nálgast", gloss := "approach", hasActiveVariant := false }

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.minnast : IcelandicStVerb

minnast 'remember' — no active variant.

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.minnast = { activeForm := none, stForm := "minnast", gloss := "remember", hasActiveVariant := false }

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.leidast : IcelandicStVerb

leiðast 'be bored' — subject-experiencer; no active variant. Mér leiðist í skólanum 'I am bored in school'.

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.leidast = { activeForm := none, stForm := "leiðast", gloss := "be bored", hasActiveVariant := false }

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.kyssast : IcelandicStVerb

kyssa / kyssast 'kiss' — used in reciprocal contexts: Þau kyssast 'They kissed (each other)'.

Equations

• Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.kyssast = { activeForm := some "kyssa", stForm := "kyssast", gloss := "kiss", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.allStVerbs : List IcelandicStVerb

All -st-marked verb entries (excludes -na-marked verbs like brotna). The Wood2015 study file projects analytical data (stType, marking, root structure) over the same ten verbs in the same order.

Equations

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theorem Fragments.Icelandic.Predicates.alternating_have_active : ((List.filter (fun (x : IcelandicStVerb) => x.hasActiveVariant) allStVerbs).all fun (v : IcelandicStVerb) => v.activeForm.isSome) = true

Sanity check: every verb whose hasActiveVariant is true also has activeForm.isSome. Catches schema drift in either field.