Icelandic Verbs (Predicates fragment)

[Woo15]

Consensus lexical data for Icelandic verbs participating in the -st / -na alternations made famous by [Woo15]. Each entry carries only the surface forms and a Boolean for whether an active variant exists — every other piece of information about each verb (the -st classification, the anticausative-marking morpheme, the [Cue03]-style root decomposition, the possessive-dative diagnostic) is paper-specific apparatus and lives in Wood2015, where it can participate in further analysis without polluting the Fragment schema.

This is the same discipline applied to other Fragment lexicons in linglib: textbook-consensus lexical data on this side; competing analyses on the Studies side.

Note on classification: in [Woo15]'s analysis -st (historically sik → -sk → -st) is not an exponent of Voice. It is a defective [−participant] clitic — a featural subset of the reflexive pronoun — that merges in a specifier/argument position and cliticizes to the verb. It appears across the descriptive categories [Woo15] distinguishes (anticausative, generic middle, figure reflexive, reflexive, inherent, subject-experiencer, reciprocal); the Voice/v exponents proper are -na (Voice{∅}), -Ø (the elsewhere Voice exponent), and -ka (v), with -na-marked anticausatives like brotna. The merge-site classification and the -st / -na contrast are formalized in the Wood2015 study file, not here.

structure Icelandic.Predicates.IcelandicStVerb : Type

A lexical entry for an Icelandic verb participating in the -st / -na alternation. Carries only consensus surface data.

• activeForm : Option String

  Active / bare form, if one exists. none for inherent -st verbs (nálgast, minnast) and the subject-experiencer leiðast.

• stForm : String

  The intransitive form: typically suffixed with -st, with -na on brotna and friends, or identical to the active when the alternation is unmarked.

• gloss : String

  English gloss for human readers.

• hasActiveVariant : Bool

  Whether an active variant exists (must agree with activeForm.isSome; the redundancy is a sanity check used by the consistency theorem below).

@[implicit_reducible]

instance Icelandic.Predicates.instReprIcelandicStVerb : Repr IcelandicStVerb

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.instReprIcelandicStVerb = { reprPrec := Icelandic.Predicates.instReprIcelandicStVerb.repr }

def Icelandic.Predicates.instReprIcelandicStVerb.repr : IcelandicStVerb → Nat → Std.Format

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

@[implicit_reducible]

instance Icelandic.Predicates.instBEqIcelandicStVerb : BEq IcelandicStVerb

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.instBEqIcelandicStVerb = { beq := Icelandic.Predicates.instBEqIcelandicStVerb.beq }

def Icelandic.Predicates.instBEqIcelandicStVerb.beq : IcelandicStVerb → IcelandicStVerb → Bool

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
• Icelandic.Predicates.instBEqIcelandicStVerb.beq x✝¹ x✝ = false

def Icelandic.Predicates.instDecidableEqIcelandicStVerb.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : IcelandicStVerb) : Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

@[implicit_reducible]

instance Icelandic.Predicates.instDecidableEqIcelandicStVerb : DecidableEq IcelandicStVerb

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.instDecidableEqIcelandicStVerb = Icelandic.Predicates.instDecidableEqIcelandicStVerb.decEq

def Icelandic.Predicates.opnast : IcelandicStVerb

opna / opnast 'open'.

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.opnast = { activeForm := some "opna", stForm := "opnast", gloss := "open", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Icelandic.Predicates.splundrast : IcelandicStVerb

splundra / splundrast 'shatter'.

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.splundrast = { activeForm := some "splundra", stForm := "splundrast", gloss := "shatter", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Icelandic.Predicates.brotna : IcelandicStVerb

brjóta / brotna 'break' — the canonical -na-marked anticausative (cf. opnast / splundrast with -st).

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.brotna = { activeForm := some "brjóta", stForm := "brotna", gloss := "break", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Icelandic.Predicates.seljast : IcelandicStVerb

selja / seljast 'sell'.

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.seljast = { activeForm := some "selja", stForm := "seljast", gloss := "sell", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Icelandic.Predicates.lesast : IcelandicStVerb

lesa / lesast 'read'.

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.lesast = { activeForm := some "lesa", stForm := "lesast", gloss := "read", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Icelandic.Predicates.setjast : IcelandicStVerb

setja / setjast 'sit down' — a posture verb.

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.setjast = { activeForm := some "setja", stForm := "setjast", gloss := "sit down", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Icelandic.Predicates.klaedast : IcelandicStVerb

klæða / klæðast 'dress'.

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.klaedast = { activeForm := some "klæða", stForm := "klæðast", gloss := "dress", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Icelandic.Predicates.nalgast : IcelandicStVerb

nálgast 'approach' — no active variant; -st is lexicalized.

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.nalgast = { activeForm := none, stForm := "nálgast", gloss := "approach", hasActiveVariant := false }

def Icelandic.Predicates.minnast : IcelandicStVerb

minnast 'remember' — no active variant.

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.minnast = { activeForm := none, stForm := "minnast", gloss := "remember", hasActiveVariant := false }

def Icelandic.Predicates.leidast : IcelandicStVerb

leiðast 'be bored' — subject-experiencer; no active variant. Mér leiðist í skólanum 'I am bored in school'.

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.leidast = { activeForm := none, stForm := "leiðast", gloss := "be bored", hasActiveVariant := false }

def Icelandic.Predicates.kyssast : IcelandicStVerb

kyssa / kyssast 'kiss' — used in reciprocal contexts: Þau kyssast 'They kissed (each other)'.

Equations

• Icelandic.Predicates.kyssast = { activeForm := some "kyssa", stForm := "kyssast", gloss := "kiss", hasActiveVariant := true }

def Icelandic.Predicates.allStVerbs : List IcelandicStVerb

All -st-marked verb entries (excludes -na-marked verbs like brotna). The Wood2015 study file projects analytical data (stType, marking, root structure) over the same ten verbs in the same order.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

theorem Icelandic.Predicates.alternating_have_active : ((List.filter (fun (x : IcelandicStVerb) => x.hasActiveVariant) allStVerbs).all fun (v : IcelandicStVerb) => v.activeForm.isSome) = true

Sanity check: every verb whose hasActiveVariant is true also has activeForm.isSome. Catches schema drift in either field.