Icelandic nouns

Icelandic has three genders, the masculine, the feminine and the neuter, and the gender of a noun is only indirectly related to the sex of its referents: most nouns for women are feminine, but skáld 'poet' is neuter whoever the poet, as Thráinsson's overview of the nominal inflection notes. The gendered nouns are those of Adamson and Anagnostopoulou's Icelandic examples and of the coordinations Corbett resolves, each with its grammatical gender and the gender of its referents where they have one.

The deverbal nouns are each segmented into their morphs: an optional prefixed preposition, the root, an optional overt verbalizer, and a nominalizing suffix. The nominalizers are many (-un, -ing, -sla, -stur, -n, -ð, and others); the verbalizers -k (the -ka of seinka 'delay') and -er (the -era of loanword verbs) appear before the nominalizer, while the final -a of the verb is absent from the noun. Some prepositions that a verb takes as a separate word are prefixed to its noun: gera við 'repair', við-ger-ð.

Main definitions

• Icelandic.Nouns.Deverbal, Icelandic.Nouns.Deverbal.morphs, Icelandic.Nouns.deverbals: a deverbal noun segmented, its morphs in linear order, and the entries.

Implementation notes

Morphs are given in their surface forms, as segmented by Wood: the roots of söfn-un, vönt-un, við-vör-un and um-önn-un show the regular u-umlaut of safna, vanta, vara and annast.

References

• [AA25]
• [Cor91]
• [Thr07]
• [Woo23]

Gendered nouns

def Icelandic.Nouns.madur : GenderedNoun Gender

maður 'man', masculine.

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.madur = { form := "maður", gloss := "man", gender := Gender.masculine, naturalGender := some Gender.masculine }

def Icelandic.Nouns.kona : GenderedNoun Gender

kona 'woman', feminine.

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.kona = { form := "kona", gloss := "woman", gender := Gender.feminine, naturalGender := some Gender.feminine }

def Icelandic.Nouns.jon : GenderedNoun Gender

Jón, a man's name, masculine.

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.jon = { form := "Jón", gloss := "Jón", gender := Gender.masculine, naturalGender := some Gender.masculine }

def Icelandic.Nouns.skald : GenderedNoun Gender

skáld 'poet', neuter whatever the sex of the poet.

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.skald = { form := "skáld", gloss := "poet", gender := Gender.neuter }

def Icelandic.Nouns.fraegd : GenderedNoun Gender

frægð 'fame', feminine.

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.fraegd = { form := "frægð", gloss := "fame", gender := Gender.feminine }

def Icelandic.Nouns.frami : GenderedNoun Gender

frami 'success', masculine.

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.frami = { form := "frami", gloss := "success", gender := Gender.masculine }

def Icelandic.Nouns.skeid : GenderedNoun Gender

skeið 'spoon', feminine.

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.skeid = { form := "skeið", gloss := "spoon", gender := Gender.feminine }

def Icelandic.Nouns.stoll : GenderedNoun Gender

stóll 'chair', masculine.

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.stoll = { form := "stóll", gloss := "chair", gender := Gender.masculine }

def Icelandic.Nouns.epli : GenderedNoun Gender

epli 'apple', neuter.

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.epli = { form := "epli", gloss := "apple", gender := Gender.neuter }

def Icelandic.Nouns.drengur : GenderedNoun Gender

drengur 'boy', masculine.

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.drengur = { form := "drengur", gloss := "boy", gender := Gender.masculine, naturalGender := some Gender.masculine }

def Icelandic.Nouns.telpa : GenderedNoun Gender

telpa 'girl', feminine.

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.telpa = { form := "telpa", gloss := "girl", gender := Gender.feminine, naturalGender := some Gender.feminine }

def Icelandic.Nouns.aer : GenderedNoun Gender

ær 'ewe', feminine, the á of [Cor91]'s ch. 9 (57) its accusative.

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.aer = { form := "ær", gloss := "ewe", gender := Gender.feminine, naturalGender := some Gender.feminine }

def Icelandic.Nouns.lamb : GenderedNoun Gender

lamb 'lamb', neuter.

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.lamb = { form := "lamb", gloss := "lamb", gender := Gender.neuter }

Deverbal nouns

structure Icelandic.Nouns.Deverbal : Type

A deverbal noun, segmented.

• preposition : Option String

  A preposition prefixed to the noun.

• root : String

  The root.

• verbalizer : Option String

  An overt verbalizer between the root and the nominalizer.

• nominalizer : String

  The nominalizing suffix.

def Icelandic.Nouns.instDecidableEqDeverbal.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : Deverbal) : Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

@[instance_reducible]

instance Icelandic.Nouns.instDecidableEqDeverbal : DecidableEq Deverbal

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.instDecidableEqDeverbal = Icelandic.Nouns.instDecidableEqDeverbal.decEq

def Icelandic.Nouns.instReprDeverbal.repr : Deverbal → ℕ → Std.Format

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

@[instance_reducible]

instance Icelandic.Nouns.instReprDeverbal : Repr Deverbal

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.instReprDeverbal = { reprPrec := Icelandic.Nouns.instReprDeverbal.repr }

def Icelandic.Nouns.Deverbal.morphs (w : Deverbal) : List Morphology.Morph

The morphs of a nominal in linear order.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Icelandic.Nouns.opnun : Deverbal

opn-un 'opening', from opna 'open' ([Woo23], (2.94)).

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.opnun = { root := "opn", nominalizer := "un" }

def Icelandic.Nouns.sofnun : Deverbal

söfn-un 'collection', from safna 'collect' ([Woo23], (2.28)).

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.sofnun = { root := "söfn", nominalizer := "un" }

def Icelandic.Nouns.vontun : Deverbal

vönt-un 'need', from vanta 'need' ([Woo23], (3.39)).

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.vontun = { root := "vönt", nominalizer := "un" }

def Icelandic.Nouns.misheyrn : Deverbal

misheyr-n 'mishearing', from misheyrast 'mishear' ([Woo23], (3.41)).

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.misheyrn = { root := "misheyr", nominalizer := "n" }

def Icelandic.Nouns.seinkun : Deverbal

sein-k-un 'delay', from seinka 'delay' ([Woo23], (2.3)).

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.seinkun = { root := "sein", verbalizer := some "k", nominalizer := "un" }

def Icelandic.Nouns.notkun : Deverbal

not-k-un 'use', from nota 'use', which has no verbalizer ([Woo23], (5.37)).

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.notkun = { root := "not", verbalizer := some "k", nominalizer := "un" }

def Icelandic.Nouns.analysering : Deverbal

analýs-er-ing 'analysis', from analýsera 'analyze' ([Woo23], (2.7)).

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.analysering = { root := "analýs", verbalizer := some "er", nominalizer := "ing" }

def Icelandic.Nouns.prentun : Deverbal

prent-un 'printing', from prenta 'print' ([Woo23], (6.48)).

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.prentun = { root := "prent", nominalizer := "un" }

def Icelandic.Nouns.pvottur : Deverbal

þvo-ttur 'washing, laundry', from þvo 'wash' ([Woo23], (6.26), (6.27)).

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.pvottur = { root := "þvo", nominalizer := "ttur" }

def Icelandic.Nouns.vidvorun : Deverbal

við-vör-un 'warning', from vara við 'warn' ([Woo23], (4.12a)).

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.vidvorun = { preposition := some "við", root := "vör", nominalizer := "un" }

def Icelandic.Nouns.addaun : Deverbal

að-dá-un 'admiration', from dást að 'admire', whose preposition cannot be prefixed to the verb ([Woo23], (4.48)).

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.addaun = { preposition := some "að", root := "dá", nominalizer := "un" }

def Icelandic.Nouns.vidgerd : Deverbal

við-ger-ð 'repair', from gera við 'repair' ([Woo23], (4.42)).

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.vidgerd = { preposition := some "við", root := "ger", nominalizer := "ð" }

def Icelandic.Nouns.umonnun : Deverbal

um-önn-un 'care', from annast um 'take care of' ([Woo23], (4.49)).

Equations

• Icelandic.Nouns.umonnun = { preposition := some "um", root := "önn", nominalizer := "un" }

def Icelandic.Nouns.deverbals : List Deverbal

The deverbal nouns of the fragment.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.