Hungarian Predicate Lexicon Fragment

[EK02]

Hungarian matrix predicates that embed finite hogy-clauses, extending Verb with the Hungarian inflectional paradigm. The verbs here are the perception, cognition, and communication predicates used in [Egr26]'s study of sequence of tense (see Studies.Egressy2026).

Definite vs indefinite conjugation

Hungarian verbs agree not just with the subject but with the definiteness of the object: a definite object (including a clause whose accusative expletive az-t 'it' is present) triggers definite conjugation (tud-t-a know-PST-3SG.DF), an indefinite object the indefinite conjugation (tud-ott know-PST.3SG.INDF) ([EK02]). This is object agreement, not a clause-size diagnostic.

Clause type is not a verb property

A central point of [Egr26] is that whether a complement is speech-reporting (encodes the content of a verbal/representational sign) or non-speech-reporting (perception, dreaming, belief) is a property of the clause, not of the matrix verb: perception verbs like hall 'hear' and cognition verbs like gondol 'think' embed either type. So this fragment records only general lexical class (perception / communication / attitude); the clause-type analysis lives in Studies.Egressy2026.

structure Hungarian.Predicates.HungarianVerbEntryextends Verb : Type

Hungarian verb entry: extends Verb with the definite/indefinite conjugation paradigm. Conjugation fields default to "" (unspecified) for entries whose paradigm is not needed here.

• frames : List Frame
• subjectEntailments : Option ArgumentStructure.EntailmentProfile
• objectEntailments : Option ArgumentStructure.EntailmentProfile
• unaccusative : Bool
• voiceType : Option VoiceType
• passivizable : Bool
• implicitObj : Option ImplicitInterp
• implicitGoal : Option ImplicitInterp
• vendlerClass : Option Features.VendlerClass
• degreeAchievementScale : Option Features.DegreeAchievement.DegreeAchievementScale
• verbIncClass : Option Semantics.Aspect.Incremental.VerbIncClass
• cosType : Option Features.ChangeOfState.CoSType
• presupType : Option PresupTriggerType
• projectionBehavior : Option ProjectionBehavior
• implicative : Option Features.Implicative
• causative : Option Features.Causative
• causalSource : Option Causation.Psych.CausalSource
• opaqueContext : Bool
• attitude : Option Features.Attitude
• readings : List Reading
• takesQuestionBase : Bool
• complementSig : Option NaturalLogic.EntailmentSig
• levinClass : Option Semantics.Lexical.LevinClass
• root : Root
• form : String
• speechActVerb : Bool
• senseTag : SenseTag
• gloss : String

  English gloss

• formPresDef : String

  3sg present definite conjugation

• formPresIndef : String

  3sg present indefinite conjugation

• formPastDef : String

  3sg past definite conjugation

• formPastIndef : String

  3sg past indefinite conjugation

def Hungarian.Predicates.instReprHungarianVerbEntry.repr : HungarianVerbEntry → ℕ → Std.Format

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@[implicit_reducible]

instance Hungarian.Predicates.instReprHungarianVerbEntry : Repr HungarianVerbEntry

Equations

• Hungarian.Predicates.instReprHungarianVerbEntry = { reprPrec := Hungarian.Predicates.instReprHungarianVerbEntry.repr }

@[implicit_reducible]

instance Hungarian.Predicates.instBEqHungarianVerbEntry : BEq HungarianVerbEntry

Equations

• Hungarian.Predicates.instBEqHungarianVerbEntry = { beq := Hungarian.Predicates.instBEqHungarianVerbEntry.beq }

def Hungarian.Predicates.instBEqHungarianVerbEntry.beq : HungarianVerbEntry → HungarianVerbEntry → Bool

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• Hungarian.Predicates.instBEqHungarianVerbEntry.beq x✝¹ x✝ = false

def Hungarian.Predicates.lat : HungarianVerbEntry

lát 'see' — perception verb ([Egr26], exx. (4), (16)). With direct perception its complement is non-speech-reporting.

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def Hungarian.Predicates.hall : HungarianVerbEntry

hall 'hear' — perception verb ([Egr26], exx. (5), (13), (17)). Takes a non-speech-reporting complement (perceiving an event) or a speech-reporting one (hearing a verbal report).

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def Hungarian.Predicates.almodik : HungarianVerbEntry

álmodik 'dream' — perception-in-a-dream ([Egr26], exx. (6), (10)). Non-speech-reporting complement.

Equations

• Hungarian.Predicates.almodik = { frames := [Frame.finiteClause], form := "álmodik", gloss := "dream" }

def Hungarian.Predicates.gondol : HungarianVerbEntry

gondol 'think' — doxastic attitude verb ([Egr26], ex. (7)).

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def Hungarian.Predicates.hisz : HungarianVerbEntry

hisz 'believe' — doxastic non-veridical attitude verb ([Egr26], ex. (7)).

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def Hungarian.Predicates.tud : HungarianVerbEntry

tud 'know' — factive doxastic veridical attitude verb.

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def Hungarian.Predicates.aggaszt : HungarianVerbEntry

aggaszt 'worry' — subject-experiencer psych verb taking a subject clause ([Egr26], ex. (8)). Embeds a non-speech-reporting clause.

Equations

• Hungarian.Predicates.aggaszt = { frames := [Frame.finiteClause], form := "aggaszt", gloss := "worry" }

def Hungarian.Predicates.mond : HungarianVerbEntry

mond 'say' — speech verb ([Egr26], ex. (11a)).

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def Hungarian.Predicates.rikolt : HungarianVerbEntry

rikolt 'shout' — manner-of-speaking verb ([Egr26], ex. (11)).

Equations

• Hungarian.Predicates.rikolt = { frames := [Frame.finiteClause], levinClass := some Semantics.Lexical.LevinClass.mannerOfSpeaking, form := "rikolt", speechActVerb := true, gloss := "shout" }

def Hungarian.Predicates.morog : HungarianVerbEntry

morog 'growl' — manner-of-speaking verb ([Egr26], exx. (9), (11)). With a speech-reporting complement it reports the words growled; with a non-speech-reporting adjunct it gives the reason for growling (ex. (9)).

Equations

• Hungarian.Predicates.morog = { frames := [Frame.finiteClause], levinClass := some Semantics.Lexical.LevinClass.mannerOfSpeaking, form := "morog", speechActVerb := true, gloss := "growl" }

def Hungarian.Predicates.allEntries : List HungarianVerbEntry

All Hungarian verb entries from [Egr26].

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def Hungarian.Predicates.conjugatedEntries : List HungarianVerbEntry

Entries whose full definite/indefinite past paradigm is recorded.

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theorem Hungarian.Predicates.def_indef_distinct (v : HungarianVerbEntry) : v ∈ conjugatedEntries → v.formPastDef ≠ v.formPastIndef

The definite and indefinite past forms are distinct for every verb whose paradigm is recorded — the object-agreement contrast [EK02].