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Linglib.Fragments.German.PolarityItems

German Polarity-Sensitive Items #

[Has97] [Chi06]

German indefinite pronoun polarity items, typed by the categories from Semantics.Polarity.

German's irgendein is a key example in [Chi06]'s typology as an existential FCI with both NPI and FCI uses:

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def German.PolarityItems.irgendein :
Semantics.Polarity.PolarityItemEntry

irgendein/irgendwer — NPI/FCI. [Chi06]'s EFCI class: existential FCI with both NPI uses (questions) and FCI uses (irrealis, modals). The irgend- prefix marks non-specificity / domain widening.

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    def German.PolarityItems.wer :
    Semantics.Polarity.PolarityItemEntry

    wer (conditional/negative) — Bare wh-word as weak NPI. Used as indefinite in conditionals and indirect negation contexts.

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      def German.PolarityItems.niemand :
      Semantics.Polarity.PolarityItemEntry

      niemand — Negative indefinite. Direct negation; no negative concord (unlike Russian/Italian N-words).

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        theorem German.PolarityItems.irgendein_is_npi_fci :
        irgendein.polarityType = Semantics.Polarity.PolarityType.npiFci
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        theorem German.PolarityItems.german_npis_strengthening :
        ([irgendein, wer, niemand].all fun (e : Semantics.Polarity.PolarityItemEntry) => e.scalarDirection == Semantics.Polarity.ScalarDirection.strengthening) = true