Persian phonemes

This file lists the Persian phonemes that the hiatus data use and gives each its segment. Modern Persian distinguishes six vowels, front unrounded /i e æ/ against back /u o ɑ/, the back series rounded except for the variably rounded low vowel, and some two dozen consonants, among them the glottal stop /ʔ/ that breaks vowel hiatus. The vowels are here with /h tʃ m n ʔ/. The feature values of a phoneme are not listed. Each phoneme names its glyph in the PHOIBLE chart, and its segment is the segment of that chart entry.

Main definitions

• Farsi.e, Farsi.h and the like: the phonemes, as segments of their chart entries.
• Farsi.inventory: the set of them.

Main results

• Farsi.subset_pes: the phonemes are segments of PHOIBLE's Persian inventory.
• Farsi.isVowel_iff: the six vowels are the vowels.

Implementation notes

PHOIBLE's Persian inventory is the Stanford Phonology Archive's, which writes the low front vowel a̟ and the affricate t̠ʃ, and those are the chart entries taken here. Majidi and Ternes transcribe the vowel /æ/.

References

• [MT91]
• [MMcC19]
• [Hay09]
• [AJ21]

Phonemes

def Farsi.i : Phonology.Segment

The high front vowel /i/.

Equations

• Farsi.i = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.i

def Farsi.e : Phonology.Segment

The mid front vowel /e/.

Equations

• Farsi.e = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.e

def Farsi.æ : Phonology.Segment

The low front vowel /æ/, the glyph a̟ of the Persian inventory.

Equations

• Farsi.æ = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.«a̟»

def Farsi.u : Phonology.Segment

The high back rounded vowel /u/.

Equations

• Farsi.u = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.u

def Farsi.o : Phonology.Segment

The mid back rounded vowel /o/.

Equations

• Farsi.o = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.o

def Farsi.scriptA : Phonology.Segment

The low back vowel /ɑ/.

Equations

• Farsi.scriptA = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.«ɑ»

def Farsi.h : Phonology.Segment

The glottal fricative /h/.

Equations

• Farsi.h = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.h

def Farsi.tesh : Phonology.Segment

The voiceless postalveolar affricate /tʃ/.

Equations

• Farsi.tesh = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.«t̠ʃ»

def Farsi.m : Phonology.Segment

The bilabial nasal /m/.

Equations

• Farsi.m = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.m

def Farsi.n : Phonology.Segment

The alveolar nasal /n/.

Equations

• Farsi.n = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.n

def Farsi.glottalStop : Phonology.Segment

The glottal stop /ʔ/.

Equations

• Farsi.glottalStop = Phonology.Segment.ofChart Data.PHOIBLE.FeatureMatrix.«ʔ»

def Farsi.inventory : Finset Phonology.Segment

The Persian phonemes of the hiatus data, pairwise distinct.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

theorem Farsi.subset_pes : inventory ⊆ Data.PHOIBLE.Inventories.Persian.pes.segments

The phonemes are segments of PHOIBLE's Persian inventory.

theorem Farsi.isVowel_iff (x : Phonology.Segment) : x ∈ inventory → (x.IsVowel ↔ x ∈ {i, e, æ, u, o, scriptA})