Dutch Verbal Prefix and Particle Verbs

@cite{dendikken-1995}

Lexical entries for Dutch verbs with prefixes (separable particles scheidbaar samengestelde werkwoorden; inseparable prefixes onscheidbaar samengestelde werkwoorden) — the distinction central to Germanic VPC syntax and cited extensively by @cite{dendikken-1995} in the SC analysis. The two classes share concatenated citation form but diverge on the diagnostic morphology: separable verbs show ge- insertion in the past participle (opbellen → op-ge-beld); inseparable verbs lack ge- entirely (verstaan → verstaan, not *ge-verstaan).

Main definitions

• DutchAffixClass — separable vs inseparable.
• DutchVerbalAffixEntry — a single entry.
• inventory — eight canonical entries (5 separable, 3 inseparable).

Main results

• inventory_citation_concat — every entry's citationForm is the concatenation affix ++ stem.
• IsSeparable predicate with decidable instance.

inductive Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.DutchAffixClass : Type

Dutch affix class: separable particles (op-, aan-) split off the verb under V2 and trigger ge- insertion in the past participle; inseparable prefixes (ver-, be-, ont-) are derivational and never split.

• separable : DutchAffixClass
• inseparable : DutchAffixClass

@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.instDecidableEqDutchAffixClass : DecidableEq DutchAffixClass

Equations

• Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.instDecidableEqDutchAffixClass x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

structure Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.DutchVerbalAffixEntry : Type

A Dutch prefixed-verb entry: separable particle verb or inseparable prefix verb.

• citationForm : String

  Citation infinitive (affix + stem concatenated).

• stem : String

  Bare verb stem.

• affix : String

  The affix (separable particle or inseparable prefix).

• affixClass : DutchAffixClass

  Affix class.

• pastParticiple : String

  Past participle. Separable verbs show ge- insertion (opbellen → opgebeld); inseparable verbs lack ge- (verstaan → verstaan).

• gloss : String

  English gloss.

def Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.IsSeparable (e : DutchVerbalAffixEntry) : Prop

An entry's affix is separable.

Equations

• Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.IsSeparable e = (e.affixClass = Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.DutchAffixClass.separable)

@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.instDecidablePredDutchVerbalAffixEntryIsSeparable : DecidablePred IsSeparable

Equations

• Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.instDecidablePredDutchVerbalAffixEntryIsSeparable e = decEq e.affixClass Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.DutchAffixClass.separable

Separable particle verbs

def Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.opbellen : DutchVerbalAffixEntry

opbellen 'phone, call up'. Separable op-; pp opgebeld.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.aankomen : DutchVerbalAffixEntry

aankomen 'arrive'. Separable aan-; pp aangekomen.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.uitgaan : DutchVerbalAffixEntry

uitgaan 'go out'. Separable uit-; pp uitgegaan.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.meedoen : DutchVerbalAffixEntry

meedoen 'participate, take part'. Separable mee-; pp meegedaan.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.doorwerken : DutchVerbalAffixEntry

doorwerken 'work through'. Separable door-; pp doorgewerkt.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

Inseparable prefix verbs

def Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.verstaan : DutchVerbalAffixEntry

verstaan 'understand'. Inseparable ver-; pp verstaan (no ge-).

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.bezoeken : DutchVerbalAffixEntry

bezoeken 'visit'. Inseparable be-; pp bezocht (no ge-).

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.ontkomen : DutchVerbalAffixEntry

ontkomen 'escape'. Inseparable ont-; pp ontkomen (no ge-).

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

def Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.inventory : List DutchVerbalAffixEntry

The canonical inventory: 5 separable + 3 inseparable.

Equations

• One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.

Properties

def Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.IsCitationConcat (e : DutchVerbalAffixEntry) : Prop

An entry's citationForm is the literal concatenation of its affix and stem. Holds for both separable and inseparable entries — the morphological split lives in the past participle, not in the citation form.

Equations

• Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.IsCitationConcat e = (e.citationForm = e.affix ++ e.stem)

@[implicit_reducible]

instance Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.instDecidablePredDutchVerbalAffixEntryIsCitationConcat : DecidablePred IsCitationConcat

Equations

• Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.instDecidablePredDutchVerbalAffixEntryIsCitationConcat e = decEq e.citationForm (e.affix ++ e.stem)

theorem Fragments.Dutch.VerbParticles.inventory_citation_concat (e : DutchVerbalAffixEntry) (he : e ∈ inventory) : IsCitationConcat e

Every inventory entry's citation form is the literal concatenation of its affix and stem.