Bulgarian Clausal Embedding Inventory

[Kra10]

Bulgarian (Slavic, ISO 639-3 bul) inventory of complement-taking predicates around the invariant complementizer deto. [Kra10] §5: deto-complements are available exactly to emotive factives that also select a za-PP — factivity is necessary but not sufficient (văzmuštavam se 'resent' is factive yet deto-excluded, her (58a)) — and where available, deto "seems to freely alternate" with default če, partly conditioned by register (colloquial; her fn. 45). The za-PP selection biconditional and the hidden-relative analysis are paper-specific and live study-side; this file carries the two directly observed axes. Both predicate lists are open-ended in the paper ("such as …", "e.g. …") — the inventories below are the predicates Krapova names, not the full classes.

Forms follow the paper's scientific transliteration (ă for ъ; several citation forms are multiword impersonals with an experiencer clitic, e.g. jad me e).

Predicate schema

inductive Bulgarian.Clause.DetoAvailability : Type

Whether a predicate's notional complement may be introduced by the invariant complementizer deto ([Kra10] §5). Two values because only two are attested: deto is never obligatory — where possible it alternates with default če (which her fn. 46 says "may show up in all complement clauses") — and the alternation is partly register-conditioned (colloquial, fn. 45).

• alternating : DetoAvailability

  deto possible, alternating with če ((56)–(57)).

• excluded : DetoAvailability

  če only ((58)).

@[instance_reducible]

instance Bulgarian.Clause.instDecidableEqDetoAvailability : DecidableEq DetoAvailability

Equations

• Bulgarian.Clause.instDecidableEqDetoAvailability x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

@[instance_reducible]

instance Bulgarian.Clause.instReprDetoAvailability : Repr DetoAvailability

Equations

• Bulgarian.Clause.instReprDetoAvailability = { reprPrec := Bulgarian.Clause.instReprDetoAvailability.repr }

def Bulgarian.Clause.instReprDetoAvailability.repr : DetoAvailability → ℕ → Std.Format

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inductive Bulgarian.Clause.Factivity : Type

[Kra10] §5's two-way factivity split: "true" factives including the emotives ([KK70]; Krapova cites the 1971 reprint) vs semi-factives ([Kar71]'s term). Class- level assertions — her projection trials ((57)) run on săžaljavam and vinoven săm only.

• trueFactive : Factivity
• semiFactive : Factivity

@[instance_reducible]

instance Bulgarian.Clause.instDecidableEqFactivity : DecidableEq Factivity

Equations

• Bulgarian.Clause.instDecidableEqFactivity x✝ y✝ = if h : x✝.ctorIdx = y✝.ctorIdx then isTrue ⋯ else isFalse ⋯

def Bulgarian.Clause.instReprFactivity.repr : Factivity → ℕ → Std.Format

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@[instance_reducible]

instance Bulgarian.Clause.instReprFactivity : Repr Factivity

Equations

• Bulgarian.Clause.instReprFactivity = { reprPrec := Bulgarian.Clause.instReprFactivity.repr }

structure Bulgarian.Clause.BulgarianEmbedder : Type

A Bulgarian complement-taking predicate.

• ctpClass: [Noo07] category; none where unclear.
• factivity, deto: the two observed axes ([Kra10] §5).

• form : String
• gloss : String
• ctpClass : Option CTPClass
• factivity : Factivity
• deto : DetoAvailability

def Bulgarian.Clause.instDecidableEqBulgarianEmbedder.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : BulgarianEmbedder) : Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)

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@[instance_reducible]

instance Bulgarian.Clause.instDecidableEqBulgarianEmbedder : DecidableEq BulgarianEmbedder

Equations

• Bulgarian.Clause.instDecidableEqBulgarianEmbedder = Bulgarian.Clause.instDecidableEqBulgarianEmbedder.decEq

@[instance_reducible]

instance Bulgarian.Clause.instReprBulgarianEmbedder : Repr BulgarianEmbedder

Equations

• Bulgarian.Clause.instReprBulgarianEmbedder = { reprPrec := Bulgarian.Clause.instReprBulgarianEmbedder.repr }

def Bulgarian.Clause.instReprBulgarianEmbedder.repr : BulgarianEmbedder → ℕ → Std.Format

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The deto-takers — emotive factives ([Kra10] §5)

"Predicates of emotive reaction or emotive appraisal"; all [Noo07]-commentative, all "true" factive.

def Bulgarian.Clause.sazhaljavam : BulgarianEmbedder

săžaljavam 'regret' — the projection-trial predicate ((57a), (57c)); the zadeto variant is exhibited at [Dea26] (49).

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def Bulgarian.Clause.vinovenSam : BulgarianEmbedder

vinoven săm 'be one's fault' ((57b), under matrix question).

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def Bulgarian.Clause.jadMeE : BulgarianEmbedder

jad me e 'be sorry; regret' ((56b)).

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def Bulgarian.Clause.radvamSe : BulgarianEmbedder

radvam se 'be happy'.

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def Bulgarian.Clause.nedovolstvam : BulgarianEmbedder

nedovolstvam 'be dissatisfied'.

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def Bulgarian.Clause.pritesnjavamSe : BulgarianEmbedder

pritesnjavam se 'worry'.

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def Bulgarian.Clause.zhalMiE : BulgarianEmbedder

žal mi e 'be sorry'.

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def Bulgarian.Clause.machnoMiE : BulgarianEmbedder

măčno mi e 'be sad'.

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def Bulgarian.Clause.sramMeE : BulgarianEmbedder

sram me e 'feel ashamed'.

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The deto-excluded factives

"True" factives on [KK70]'s list that nonetheless reject deto ([Kra10] pp. 1265–1266) — her evidence that factivity does not suffice.

def Bulgarian.Clause.vazmushtavamSe : BulgarianEmbedder

văzmuštavam se 'resent' ((58a)) — the named dissociation witness: emotive and factive, but takes no za-PP and no deto.

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def Bulgarian.Clause.razbiram : BulgarianEmbedder

razbiram 'comprehend'.

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def Bulgarian.Clause.vzemamPrevid : BulgarianEmbedder

vzemam previd 'take into account' (printed previd, beside imam predvid — transcribed verbatim).

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def Bulgarian.Clause.imamPredvid : BulgarianEmbedder

imam predvid 'bear in mind'.

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def Bulgarian.Clause.prenebregvam : BulgarianEmbedder

prenebregvam 'ignore'.

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def Bulgarian.Clause.grizhaSe : BulgarianEmbedder

griža se 'take care' (on [Kra10]'s reading of the [KK70] factive list).

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The deto-excluded semi-factives ([Kra10] p. 1266)

def Bulgarian.Clause.znaja : BulgarianEmbedder

znaja 'know'.

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def Bulgarian.Clause.pomnja : BulgarianEmbedder

pomnja 'remember'.

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def Bulgarian.Clause.otkrivam : BulgarianEmbedder

otkrivam 'find out'.

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def Bulgarian.Clause.vizhdam : BulgarianEmbedder

viždam 'see' (the propositional reading).

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def Bulgarian.Clause.chuvam : BulgarianEmbedder

čuvam 'hear' (the propositional reading).

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def Bulgarian.Clause.zabeljazvam : BulgarianEmbedder

zabeljazvam 'notice' (perception/knowledge borderline).

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Inventories

def Bulgarian.Clause.allEmbedders : List BulgarianEmbedder

The predicates [Kra10] names (open-ended lists — see module docstring).

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def Bulgarian.Clause.detoTakers : List BulgarianEmbedder

The deto-takers.

Equations

• Bulgarian.Clause.detoTakers = List.filter (fun (x : Bulgarian.Clause.BulgarianEmbedder) => x.deto == Bulgarian.Clause.DetoAvailability.alternating) Bulgarian.Clause.allEmbedders

theorem Bulgarian.Clause.detoTakers_membership : detoTakers = [sazhaljavam, vinovenSam, jadMeE, radvamSe, nedovolstvam, pritesnjavamSe, zhalMiE, machnoMiE, sramMeE]

Drift sentry: the deto-takers are exactly the nine emotive factives Krapova names.

theorem Bulgarian.Clause.detoTakers_all_trueFactive : (detoTakers.all fun (x : BulgarianEmbedder) => x.factivity == Factivity.trueFactive) = true

Every deto-taker is a "true" (emotive) factive.

theorem Bulgarian.Clause.factivity_not_sufficient_for_deto : ∃ (v : BulgarianEmbedder), v ∈ allEmbedders ∧ v.factivity = Factivity.trueFactive ∧ v.deto = DetoAvailability.excluded

Factivity does not suffice for deto: "true" factives with deto excluded exist (văzmuštavam se and the transitive class) — [Kra10]'s dissociation.