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Linglib.Data.Experiments.TonhauserBeaverDegen2018

TonhauserBeaverDegen2018: experimental results (generated) #

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Four rating experiments on the projectivity and at-issueness of 19 projective contents of American English: the content of 9 syntactically heterogeneous expressions (Experiments 1a and 2a) and of the clausal complements of 12 attitude predicates (Experiments 1b and 2b). Experiments 1a and 1b measured projectivity by the certain-that question and at-issueness by the asking-whether question on a no-yes slider, each stimulus a polar question; responses were coded so that 1 is projecting and not-at-issue. Experiments 2a and 2b re-measured at-issueness by an Are-you-sure dissent diagnostic on indicative stimuli. The by-expression means are plotted, not tabulated; the paper prints the mixed-effects estimates, the correlations, two Tukey pairwise-comparison tables and a summary table.

Raw data #

References #

The four experiments.

  • exp1a : Experiment

    1a: heterogeneous expressions, asking-whether at-issueness

  • exp1b : Experiment

    1b: clause-embedding predicates, asking-whether at-issueness

  • exp2a : Experiment

    2a: heterogeneous expressions, dissent at-issueness

  • exp2b : Experiment

    2b: clause-embedding predicates, dissent at-issueness

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      The nine heterogeneous target expressions of Experiments 1a and 2a, with their projective content.

      • nrrc : Expression

        NRRC: sentence-medial non-restrictive relative clause; its content

      • nominalAppositive : Expression

        nominal appositive: sentence-medial nominal appositive; the appositive content

      • possessiveNP : Expression

        possessive NP: possessive noun phrase; the possession implication

      • annoyed : Expression

        be annoyed: the content of the clausal complement

      • discover : Expression

        discover: the content of the clausal complement

      • know : Expression

        know: the content of the clausal complement

      • only : Expression

        only: the prejacent

      • stop : Expression

        stop: the pre-state implication

      • stupid : Expression

        be stupid to: the content of the infinitival complement

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          The twelve clause-embedding predicates of Experiments 1b and 2b; the content is that of the clausal complement.

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              The authors' trigger-class coding in the released data (the classes of Tonhauser et al. 2013).

              • b : TriggerClass

                B: no strong contextual felicity constraint, no obligatory local effect

              • c : TriggerClass

                C: no strong contextual felicity constraint, obligatory local effect

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                  A printed significance mark; the thresholds differ between tables (*** is .001 in Table 1 and .0001 in Tables 3 and 5).

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                      Whether a printed p-value is an upper or a lower bound.

                      • below : PBound

                        <: p is below the printed value

                      • above : PBound

                        : p is above the printed value

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                          A row of the by-expression means plotted in the Exp. 1a mean-projectivity-against-mean-not- at-issueness figure (fig:f-proj-ai-1a in the authors' LaTeX); the discover and know means are printed in the summary of Exps. 1a and 1b: the mean certain-that (projectivity) and asking- whether (not-at-issueness) ratings of an expression's content in Experiment 1a, over 210 participants and 17 lexical contents, to two places

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                                The cells of the by-expression means plotted in the Exp. 1a mean-projectivity-against-mean- not-at-issueness figure (fig:f-proj-ai-1a in the authors' LaTeX); the discover and know means are printed in the summary of Exps. 1a and 1b, by expression; recomputed from the authors' released data by scripts/check_experiments.py.

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                                  A row of the by-expression means plotted in the Exp. 1b figure (fig:f-proj-ai-1b in the authors' LaTeX); the discover and find out means are printed in the summary of Exps. 1a and 1b: the mean certain-that and asking-whether ratings of a predicate's complement in Experiment 1b, over 235 participants and 20 lexical contents, to two places

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                                        The cells of the by-expression means plotted in the Exp. 1b figure (fig:f-proj-ai-1b in the authors' LaTeX); the discover and find out means are printed in the summary of Exps. 1a and 1b, by predicate; recomputed from the authors' released data by scripts/check_experiments.py.

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                                          A row of plotted with the by-expression means; the asking-whether control mean .02 is printed in the discussion of the at-issueness diagnostics: the mean ratings of the main-clause controls, expected at the floor on both questions

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                                            def TonhauserBeaverDegen2018.instDecidableEqControl.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : Control) :
                                            Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                The 2 rows of plotted with the by-expression means; the asking-whether control mean .02 is printed in the discussion of the at-issueness diagnostics, in the paper's order; recomputed from the authors' released data by scripts/check_experiments.py.

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                                                  A row of the regression paragraphs of the four Results sections: the fixed effect of at- issueness on projectivity in the mixed-effects linear regression, with its likelihood-ratio test

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                                                    def TonhauserBeaverDegen2018.instDecidableEqEffect.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : Effect) :
                                                    Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                        The cells of the regression paragraphs of the four Results sections, by experiment; checked against the PDF text layer only.

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                                                          A row of the at-issueness paragraphs of the four Results sections: Pearson correlations of mean projectivity with mean not-at-issueness, by target expression and without collapsing across lexical contents (at the participant level in Experiments 1)

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                                                            def TonhauserBeaverDegen2018.instDecidableEqCorrelation.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : Correlation) :
                                                            Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                The cells of the at-issueness paragraphs of the four Results sections, by experiment; checked against the PDF text layer only.

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                                                                  A row of the Participants and Data exclusion paragraphs of each experiment; data points in the regression paragraphs: recruitment, exclusions and the number of data points analysed

                                                                  • recruited : ℕ

                                                                    Participants recruited on Mechanical Turk.

                                                                  • nonNative : ℕ

                                                                    Excluded as not self-identifying as native speakers of American English.

                                                                  • outliers : ℕ

                                                                    Excluded for control means over three standard deviations above the group mean.

                                                                  • analysed : ℕ

                                                                    Participants analysed.

                                                                  • dataPoints : ℕ

                                                                    Data points in the regression.

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                                                                    def TonhauserBeaverDegen2018.instDecidableEqParticipants.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : Participants) :
                                                                    Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                        The cells of the Participants and Data exclusion paragraphs of each experiment; data points in the regression paragraphs, by experiment; checked against the PDF text layer only.

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                                                                          A row of the Tukey table of the Exp. 1a Results (tab:pairwise in the authors' LaTeX); *** is significance at .001, ** at .01, * at .05, . marginal at .1: Tukey pairwise comparisons of the projectivity means of the Experiment 1a contents; *** at .001

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                                                                            def TonhauserBeaverDegen2018.instDecidableEqPairwiseA.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : PairwiseA) :
                                                                            Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                                The 36 rows of the Tukey table of the Exp. 1a Results (tab:pairwise in the authors' LaTeX); *** is significance at .001, ** at .01, * at .05, . marginal at .1, in the paper's order; checked against the PDF text layer only.

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                                                                                  A row of the Tukey table of the Exp. 1b Results (tab:pairwise-1b in the authors' LaTeX); *** is significance at .0001, ** at .01, * at .05, . marginal at .1: Tukey pairwise comparisons of the projectivity means of the Experiment 1b complements; *** at .0001

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                                                                                    def TonhauserBeaverDegen2018.instDecidableEqPairwiseB.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : PairwiseB) :
                                                                                    Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                                        The 66 rows of the Tukey table of the Exp. 1b Results (tab:pairwise-1b in the authors' LaTeX); *** is significance at .0001, ** at .01, * at .05, . marginal at .1, in the paper's order; checked against the PDF text layer only.

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