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Linglib.Data.Experiments.Labov2006

Labov2006: experimental results (generated) #

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Labov's printed tables from the second edition of the New York City survey: (r) and stops in fourth in the department store survey, the class stratification of the five phonological variables by class group and contextual style, the distributions in apparent time of /ʌy/, (r), (æh), (oh), (th) and (dh) by age and class or ethnic group, and the (ing) index by age, social class and style.

References #

The three department stores of the Chapter 3 survey, from the least to the most prestigious.

  • klein : Store

    S. Klein: the lowest-ranking store, on Union Square

  • macys : Store

    Macy's: the middle-ranking store, on Herald Square

  • saks : Store

    Saks: Saks Fifth Avenue, the highest-ranking store

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    @[instance_reducible]
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    def Labov2006.instReprStore.repr :
    Store → ℕ → Std.Format
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      The five phonological variables of the Lower East Side survey.

      • r : Variable

        (r): the percentage of constricted [r] where /r/ is final or preconsonantal, as in car, card

      • aeh : Variable

        (æh): the height of the vowel of bad, ask, dance: ten times the mean code on a scale from 1, high, to 6, low

      • oh : Variable

        (oh): the height of the vowel of caught, talk, off, coded as (æh)

      • th : Variable

        (th): the initial consonant of thing: one hundred times the mean code less one, coding the fricative 1, the affricate 2 and the stop 3

      • dh : Variable

        (dh): the initial consonant of then, coded as (th)

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        def Labov2006.instReprVariable.repr :
        Variable → ℕ → Std.Format
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          @[instance_reducible]
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          The contextual styles of Chapter 4, from the least to the most attention paid to speech.

          • casual : Style

            A: casual speech

          • careful : Style

            B: careful speech, the interview style

          • reading : Style

            C: reading style

          • wordList : Style

            D: word lists

          • minimalPair : Style

            D′: minimal pairs

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            @[instance_reducible]
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            @[instance_reducible]
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            def Labov2006.instReprStyle.repr :
            Style → ℕ → Std.Format
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              @[instance_reducible]
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              The three groups of the ten-point socioeconomic index in Table 7.8, with 23, 28 and 30 informants.

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                @[instance_reducible]
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                def Labov2006.instReprClassGroup.repr :
                ClassGroup → ℕ → Std.Format
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                  The four groups of the socioeconomic index in Tables 9.7 and 9.10.

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                      The social class index of Table 8.2, which crosses education with occupation.

                      • sc1 : SocialClass

                        SC 1: no high school

                      • sc2 : SocialClass

                        SC 2: at least some high school, blue-collar occupation

                      • sc3 : SocialClass

                        SC 3: at least some high school, white-collar occupation

                      • sc4 : SocialClass

                        SC 4: at least some high school, professional occupation

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                          The two adult age groups of the apparent-time tables.

                          • younger : AgeGroup

                            20–39: speakers aged 20 to 39

                          • older : AgeGroup

                            40–: speakers aged 40 and over

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                            def Labov2006.instReprAgeGroup.repr :
                            AgeGroup → ℕ → Std.Format
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                              The three age levels of Table 9.10.

                              • youth : AgeLevel

                                8–19: speakers aged 8 to 19

                              • younger : AgeLevel

                                20–39: speakers aged 20 to 39

                              • older : AgeLevel

                                40–: speakers aged 40 and over

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                                def Labov2006.instReprAgeLevel.repr :
                                AgeLevel → ℕ → Std.Format
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                                  The five age levels of Table 9.14.

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                                      The five age levels of the (oh) table 9.17.

                                      • age8to19 : OhAgeLevel

                                        8–19: speakers aged 8 to 19

                                      • age20to35 : OhAgeLevel

                                        20–35: speakers aged 20 to 35

                                      • age36to49 : OhAgeLevel

                                        36–49: speakers aged 36 to 49

                                      • age50to59 : OhAgeLevel

                                        50–59: speakers aged 50 to 59

                                      • age60 : OhAgeLevel

                                        60–: speakers aged 60 and over

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                                        def Labov2006.instReprOhAgeLevel.repr :
                                        OhAgeLevel → ℕ → Std.Format
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                                          A row of Table 3.4, p. 49: the percentage of a store's employees with complete responses who used constricted (r) in all four positions, in some, and in none, and their number.

                                          • allR1 : ℕ

                                            The percentage using (r-1) in all four positions.

                                          • someR1 : ℕ

                                            The percentage using (r-1) in some positions.

                                          • noR1 : ℕ

                                            The percentage using no (r-1).

                                          • n : ℕ

                                            The number of employees with complete responses.

                                          Instances For
                                            def Labov2006.instDecidableEqCompleteResponses.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : CompleteResponses) :
                                            Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                The cells of Table 3.4, p. 49, by store; checked against the page images.

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                                                  A row of p. 52: the percentage of a store's employees who used a stop for (th) in fourth.

                                                  • percent : ℕ

                                                    The percentage using a stop, printed with two digits.

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                                                    def Labov2006.instDecidableEqFourthStops.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : FourthStops) :
                                                    Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                        The cells of p. 52, by store; checked against the page images.

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                                                          A row of Table 7.8, p. 140: the index of a variable for a class group in each style the variable was measured in, with the number of informants behind each cell.

                                                          • casual : Option Data.Experiments.Decimal

                                                            The index in casual speech.

                                                          • careful : Option Data.Experiments.Decimal

                                                            The index in careful speech.

                                                          • reading : Option Data.Experiments.Decimal

                                                            The index in reading style.

                                                          • wordList : Option Data.Experiments.Decimal

                                                            The index in word lists.

                                                          • minimalPair : Option Data.Experiments.Decimal

                                                            The index in minimal pairs.

                                                          • nCasual : Option ℕ

                                                            The number of informants in casual speech.

                                                          • nCareful : Option ℕ

                                                            The number of informants in careful speech.

                                                          • nReading : Option ℕ

                                                            The number of informants in reading style.

                                                          • nWordList : Option ℕ

                                                            The number of informants in word lists.

                                                          • nMinimalPair : Option ℕ

                                                            The number of informants in minimal pairs.

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                                                            def Labov2006.instDecidableEqStratificationRow.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : StratificationRow) :
                                                            Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                The cells of Table 7.8, p. 140, by group and variable; checked against the page images.

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                                                                  A row of Table 9.7, p. 214: the percentage of speakers of an age group and socioeconomic class who used any upgliding /ʌy/, as in bird, in any style, and their number.

                                                                  • percent : ℕ

                                                                    The percentage using any /ʌy/.

                                                                  • n : ℕ

                                                                    The number of speakers.

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                                                                    def Labov2006.instDecidableEqUpglidingCell.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : UpglidingCell) :
                                                                    Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                        A row of Table 9.10, p. 218: the average (r) index in casual speech of an age level and socioeconomic group, and the number of speakers.

                                                                        • index : ℕ

                                                                          The average (r) index.

                                                                        • n : ℕ

                                                                          The number of speakers.

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                                                                          def Labov2006.instDecidableEqRCasualCell.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : RCasualCell) :
                                                                          Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                              The cells of Table 9.10, p. 218, by ageLevel and socioeconomicClass; checked against the page images.

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                                                                                A row of Table 9.11, p. 218: the percentage of speakers of an age group who used some (r-1) in casual speech, for socioeconomic groups 0–8 together and for group 9.

                                                                                • lowerClasses : ℕ

                                                                                  The percentage among socioeconomic classes 0–8.

                                                                                • upperMiddle : ℕ

                                                                                  The percentage in socioeconomic class 9.

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                                                                                  def Labov2006.instDecidableEqSomeRCasualRow.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : SomeRCasualRow) :
                                                                                  Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                                      The cells of Table 9.11, p. 218, by ageGroup; checked against the page images.

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                                                                                        A row of Table 9.13, p. 227: the average (æh) index in casual speech of an age group and social class, and the number of speakers.

                                                                                        • index : ℕ

                                                                                          The average (æh) index.

                                                                                        • n : ℕ

                                                                                          The number of speakers.

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                                                                                          def Labov2006.instDecidableEqAehCell.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : AehCell) :
                                                                                          Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                                            def Labov2006.instReprAehCell.repr :
                                                                                            AehCell → ℕ → Std.Format
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                                                                                              A row of Table 9.14, p. 227: the (æh) index of the lower class SC 1 at each age level.

                                                                                              • index : ℕ

                                                                                                The (æh) index.

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                                                                                                def Labov2006.instDecidableEqAehLowerClassRow.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : AehLowerClassRow) :
                                                                                                Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                                                    A row of Table 9.16, p. 229: the average (oh) index in casual speech of an age group and social class, and the number of speakers.

                                                                                                    • index : ℕ

                                                                                                      The average (oh) index.

                                                                                                    • n : ℕ

                                                                                                      The number of speakers.

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                                                                                                      def Labov2006.instDecidableEqOhCell.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : OhCell) :
                                                                                                      Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                                                        def Labov2006.instReprOhCell.repr :
                                                                                                        OhCell → ℕ → Std.Format
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                                                                                                          A row of Table 9.17, p. 229: the average (oh) index at an age level of Jews, Italians and other speakers in social classes 1–3, and of the upper middle class SC 4; the dash of the oldest SC 4 cell is blank.

                                                                                                          • jews : ℕ

                                                                                                            The index of the Jewish speakers of SC 1–3.

                                                                                                          • italians : ℕ

                                                                                                            The index of the Italian speakers of SC 1–3.

                                                                                                          • others : ℕ

                                                                                                            The index of the other speakers of SC 1–3.

                                                                                                          • upperMiddle : Option ℕ

                                                                                                            The index of SC 4.

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                                                                                                            def Labov2006.instDecidableEqOhEthnicRow.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : OhEthnicRow) :
                                                                                                            Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                                                                The cells of Table 9.17, p. 229, by ageLevel; checked against the page images.

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                                                                                                                  A row of Table 9.18, p. 234: the average (th) and (dh) indexes in casual speech of an age group and social class, with the number of speakers behind each.

                                                                                                                  • th : ℕ

                                                                                                                    The average (th) index.

                                                                                                                  • dh : ℕ

                                                                                                                    The average (dh) index.

                                                                                                                  • nTh : ℕ

                                                                                                                    The number of speakers for (th).

                                                                                                                  • nDh : ℕ

                                                                                                                    The number of speakers for (dh).

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                                                                                                                    def Labov2006.instDecidableEqThDhCell.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : ThDhCell) :
                                                                                                                    Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                                                                      @[instance_reducible]
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                                                                                                                      def Labov2006.instReprThDhCell.repr :
                                                                                                                      ThDhCell → ℕ → Std.Format
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                                                                                                                        The cells of Table 9.18, p. 234, by ageGroup and socialClass; checked against the page images.

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                                                                                                                          A row of Table 9.19, p. 234: the (th), (dh) and (r) indexes of social classes 1–3 taken together, by age group.

                                                                                                                          • th : ℕ

                                                                                                                            The (th) index of SC 1–3.

                                                                                                                          • dh : ℕ

                                                                                                                            The (dh) index of SC 1–3.

                                                                                                                          • r : ℕ

                                                                                                                            The (r) index of SC 1–3.

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                                                                                                                            def Labov2006.instDecidableEqPooledRow.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : PooledRow) :
                                                                                                                            Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                                                                              def Labov2006.instReprPooledRow.repr :
                                                                                                                              PooledRow → ℕ → Std.Format
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                                                                                                                                The cells of Table 9.19, p. 234, by ageGroup; checked against the page images.

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                                                                                                                                  A row of Table 10.10, p. 258: the average (ing) index, the percentage of /in/, of adult white New York City informants of an age group and social class in casual and in careful speech, with the number of speakers behind each.

                                                                                                                                  • casual : ℕ

                                                                                                                                    The index in casual speech, Style A.

                                                                                                                                  • careful : ℕ

                                                                                                                                    The index in careful speech, Style B.

                                                                                                                                  • nCasual : ℕ

                                                                                                                                    The number of speakers in casual speech.

                                                                                                                                  • nCareful : ℕ

                                                                                                                                    The number of speakers in careful speech.

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                                                                                                                                    def Labov2006.instDecidableEqIngCell.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : IngCell) :
                                                                                                                                    Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                                                                                                                      def Labov2006.instReprIngCell.repr :
                                                                                                                                      IngCell → ℕ → Std.Format
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                                                                                                                                        The cells of Table 10.10, p. 258, by ageGroup and socialClass; checked against the page images.

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