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Linglib.Data.Experiments.DegenTonhauser2021

DegenTonhauser2021: experimental results (generated) #

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Two experiments testing whether listeners' prior beliefs in the content of a clausal complement modulate its projection, over twenty clause-embedding predicates and twenty contents, each content paired with a fact expected to raise or lower its prior probability. Experiment 1 measured the prior probability of the contents and the certainty that the speaker of a polar question is committed to them within participants; Experiments 2a and 2b measured the two on separate groups. The by-content prior means and by-predicate certainty means are plotted, not tabulated.

Raw data #

References #

The twenty clause-embedding predicates of Figure 1c.

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      The twenty complement contents, each paired between participants with a fact under which it was expected to have a lower or a higher prior probability (Supplement A).

      • mary : Content

        Mary is pregnant: lower fact: Mary is a middle school student; higher fact: Mary is taking a prenatal yoga class

      • josie : Content

        Josie went on vacation to France: lower fact: Josie doesn't have a passport; higher fact: Josie loves France

      • emma : Content

        Emma studied on Saturday morning: lower fact: Emma is in first grade; higher fact: Emma is in law school

      • olivia : Content

        Olivia sleeps until noon: lower fact: Olivia has two small children; higher fact: Olivia works the third shift

      • sophia : Content

        Sophia got a tattoo: lower fact: Sophia is a high end fashion model; higher fact: Sophia is a hipster

      • mia : Content

        Mia drank 2 cocktails last night: lower fact: Mia is a nun; higher fact: Mia is a college student

      • isabella : Content

        Isabella ate a steak on Sunday: lower fact: Isabella is a vegetarian; higher fact: Isabella is from Argentina

      • emily : Content

        Emily bought a car yesterday: lower fact: Emily never has any money; higher fact: Emily has been saving for a year

      • grace : Content

        Grace visited her sister: lower fact: Grace hates her sister; higher fact: Grace loves her sister

      • zoe : Content

        Zoe calculated the tip: lower fact: Zoe is 5 years old; higher fact: Zoe is a math major

      • danny : Content

        Danny ate the last cupcake: lower fact: Danny is a diabetic; higher fact: Danny loves cake

      • frank : Content

        Frank got a cat: lower fact: Frank is allergic to cats; higher fact: Frank has always wanted a pet

      • jackson : Content

        Jackson ran 10 miles: lower fact: Jackson is obese; higher fact: Jackson is training for a marathon

      • jayden : Content

        Jayden rented a car: lower fact: Jayden doesn't have a driver's license; higher fact: Jayden's car is in the shop

      • tony : Content

        Tony had a drink last night: lower fact: Tony has been sober for 20 years; higher fact: Tony really likes to party with his friends

      • josh : Content

        Josh learned to ride a bike yesterday: lower fact: Josh is a 75-year old man; higher fact: Josh is a 5-year old boy

      • owen : Content

        Owen shoveled snow last winter: lower fact: Owen lives in New Orleans; higher fact: Owen lives in Chicago

      • julian : Content

        Julian dances salsa: lower fact: Julian is German; higher fact: Julian is Cuban

      • jon : Content

        Jon walks to work: lower fact: Jon lives 10 miles away from work; higher fact: Jon lives 2 blocks away from work

      • charley : Content

        Charley speaks Spanish: lower fact: Charley lives in Korea; higher fact: Charley lives in Mexico

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          Whether the prior probability and certainty ratings came from the same participants.

          • withinParticipant : Design

            within participant: Experiment 1: each participant rated the priors and, in a separate block, the certainties

          • betweenParticipants : Design

            between participants: Experiments 2a (priors) and 2b (certainties), on separate groups

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              The fact condition of a content.

              • lowerProbability : Fact

                lower probability: the fact under which the content was expected to be less likely

              • higherProbability : Fact

                higher probability: the fact under which the content was expected to be more likely

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                def DegenTonhauser2021.instReprFact.repr :
                Fact → ℕ → Std.Format
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                  A row of Figure 2 (Exp. 1); Figure A2, Supplement D (Exp. 2a): the mean prior probability rating of a content, given the fact.

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                    def DegenTonhauser2021.instDecidableEqPriorRow.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : PriorRow) :
                    Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                        The cells of Figure 2 (Exp. 1); Figure A2, Supplement D (Exp. 2a), by design and fact and content; recomputed from the authors' released data by scripts/check_experiments.py.

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                          A row of Figure 3 (Exp. 1); Figure 6 (Exp. 2b): the mean certainty rating of a predicate's complement, the speaker taken to be certain of it, by the fact condition of the content.

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                            def DegenTonhauser2021.instDecidableEqCertaintyRow.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : CertaintyRow) :
                            Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                The cells of Figure 3 (Exp. 1); Figure 6 (Exp. 2b), by design and fact and predicate; recomputed from the authors' released data by scripts/check_experiments.py.

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                                  A row of Figures 3 and 6: the mean certainty rating of the main-clause controls, whose content was expected not to project.

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                                    def DegenTonhauser2021.instDecidableEqControlRow.decEq (x✝ x✝¹ : ControlRow) :
                                    Decidable (x✝ = x✝¹)
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                                        The cells of Figures 3 and 6, by design; recomputed from the authors' released data by scripts/check_experiments.py.

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