Layered Assertive Clauses: JP/ComP modifiers #
@cite{krifka-2020} @cite{speas-2004} @cite{wiltschko-2014}
Worked examples for @cite{krifka-2020}'s four-layer clause structure
(TP > JP > ComP > ActP). The JP layer originates with @cite{speas-2004}
and is developed crosslinguistically by @cite{wiltschko-2014};
@cite{krifka-2020} synthesises them with the commitment-space framework
of @cite{krifka-2015} (see sibling
Phenomena/Assertion/Studies/Krifka2015.lean).
Coverage #
- §1 — Hedges as JP modifiers ("I think p" → epistemicStatus := weak)
- §2 — Oaths as ComP modifiers ("I swear p" → commitmentStrength := strong)
- §3 — JP/ComP independence (commute, layer non-interaction)
- §4 — Data bridges to
Phenomena/Assertion/Basic.leanempirical data
Out of scope #
- The actual commitment-space dynamics — see Krifka2015.lean.
- Proxy assertions ("Mary says p") — flagged in @cite{krifka-2015} conclusion, not exercised here.
- Conjunct/disjunct systems (Newari etc.) — typological extension noted in @cite{krifka-2015} conclusion but separate study.
A hedge modifies the JP layer (epistemic status) to weak.
"I think p" = assertion with epistemicStatus := .weak.
The TP content (p) is unchanged; only the JP layer is modified.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Instances For
Hedging preserves content (TP is untouched by JP modification).
Hedging sets epistemic status to weak.
Hedging does not affect commitment strength.
An oath modifies the ComP layer (commitment strength) to strong.
"I swear p" = assertion with commitmentStrength := .strong.
The TP content (p) is unchanged; only the ComP layer is modified.
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Instances For
Oaths preserve content.
Oaths set commitment strength to strong.
Oaths do not affect epistemic status.
JP and ComP can co-occur: hedging + oath on the same assertion.
"I think I swear p": epistemicStatus = weak, commitmentStrength = strong. "I swear I think p": same result (layers are independent).
Equations
- One or more equations did not get rendered due to their size.
Instances For
Order doesn't matter: hedge(oath(la)) = oath(hedge(la)).
Hedged oath has weak epistemic + strong commitment.
Both layered modifications preserve TP content.
All hedges reduce commitment, AND the JP-modifier mechanism produces
a strictly lower-rank epistemic status than .standard. The data
side is all_hedges_reduce from Phenomena/Assertion/Basic.lean;
the mechanism side is the JP-modifier rank ordering.
All oaths increase commitment, AND the ComP-modifier mechanism
produces a strictly higher-rank commitment strength than .standard.
The data side is all_oaths_increase from Basic.lean; the
mechanism side is the ComP-modifier rank ordering.