Turkish Question Particles

@cite{atlamaz-2023} @cite{turk-hirsch-2026}

Lexical entries for Turkish polar question particles. The fragment commits only to lexical primitives — citation form, vowel-harmony allomorphs, and semantic contribution (a bare operator on propositions). It does not commit to a syntactic theory: there is no UPOS tag, no head-position label, no left-periphery layer here. Those decisions are theory-laden and belong in study files that actually adopt the relevant theory (e.g., @cite{fox-katzir-2011}-style category match needs a UPOS tagging; @cite{laka-1990}-style PolP needs a head label).

The semantic operator is Semantics.Polarity.affirm (identity), reflecting the consensus that mI is propositionally vacuous and contributes only question force / focus marking — a claim that is theory-neutral up to the choice of denotation type for propositions.

structure Fragments.Turkish.QuestionParticles.TurkishQParticle : Type 1

A Turkish question particle: form, vowel-harmony allomorphs, and the bare semantic operator it contributes. No syntactic categorization.

• form : String

  Citation form (cover symbol).

• allomorphs : List String

  Surface allomorphs after vowel harmony.

• denotation {W : Type} : (W → Prop) → W → Prop

  Semantic contribution: a polynomial transformation of propositions. Polymorphic in the world type so the entry is reusable across theory-specific world models.

def Fragments.Turkish.QuestionParticles.mi : TurkishQParticle

Turkish mI — the polar question particle (mı/mi/mu/mü under vowel harmony). Semantically the identity (no propositional contribution beyond marking question force).

Equations

• Fragments.Turkish.QuestionParticles.mi = { form := "mI", allomorphs := ["mı", "mi", "mu", "mü"], denotation := fun {W : Type} => Semantics.Polarity.affirm W }

theorem Fragments.Turkish.QuestionParticles.mi_denotation_id (W : Type) : mi.denotation = id

mI's denotation is the identity, for any world model.