Japanese imperative profile (WALS Chs 70, 71, 72, 73) #
@cite{wals-2013}
Japanese: second-person-only morphological imperative (suffix -e/-ro: ike! 'go!', tabero! 'eat!'); Type 2 prohibitive (iku-na! — imperative stem + special negation -na, distinct from declarative -nai); no dedicated hortative (volitional -ou/-you serves a related but distinct function); no morphological optative.
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