Amharic consonantal roots

The roots of the type A verbal paradigms of [Les95]'s reference grammar that [Fau26] discusses ((5), (12)): a regular triradical, a root whose stems have identical final consonants, a root whose second stem consonant is palatalized, and the [a]-final and hollow roots traditionally analysed with a nonconsonantal radical, as roots of segments. The root identities follow [Fau26]; [Bro84] analyses wd as √wdd and fdj as biradical.

References

• [Fau26]
• [Bro84]
• [Les95]

def Amharic.sbr : Morphology.ConsonantalRoot Phonology.Segment

√sbr 'break' gives [säbbär-ä] PFV.3MSG, [säbr-o] GRND and [mäsbär] INF ((5a), (12a)).

Equations

• Amharic.sbr = { segments := [Amharic.Phonology.s, Amharic.Phonology.b, Amharic.Phonology.«ɾ»] }

def Amharic.wd : Morphology.ConsonantalRoot Phonology.Segment

√wd 'like' gives [wäddäd-ä] PFV.3MSG, [wädd-o] GRND and [mäwdäd] INF (5b).

Equations

• Amharic.wd = { segments := [Amharic.Phonology.w, Amharic.Phonology.d] }

def Amharic.fdj : Morphology.ConsonantalRoot Phonology.Segment

√fdj 'scorch' gives [fäʤʤ-ä] PFV.3MSG, [fäʤt-o] GRND and [mäfʤät] INF ((5c), (12b)).

Equations

• Amharic.fdj = { segments := [Amharic.Phonology.f, Amharic.Phonology.d, Amharic.Phonology.j] }

def Amharic.sma : Morphology.ConsonantalRoot Phonology.Segment

√sma 'hear' gives [sämm-a] PFV.3MSG, [sämt-o] GRND and [mäsmat] INF (12c).

Equations

• Amharic.sma = { segments := [Amharic.Phonology.s, Amharic.Phonology.m, Amharic.Phonology.a] }

def Amharic.sam : Morphology.ConsonantalRoot Phonology.Segment

√sam 'kiss' gives [sam-ä] PFV.3MSG, [sam-o] GRND and [mäsam] INF (12d).

Equations

• Amharic.sam = { segments := [Amharic.Phonology.s, Amharic.Phonology.a, Amharic.Phonology.m] }

def Amharic.hid : Morphology.ConsonantalRoot Phonology.Segment

√hid 'go' gives [hed-ä] PFV.3MSG, [hed-o] GRND and [mähed] INF (12e).

Equations

• Amharic.hid = { segments := [Amharic.Phonology.h, Amharic.Phonology.i, Amharic.Phonology.d] }